HOW WOULD MILLIONS OF GUEST WORKERS IMPACT WORKING AMERICANS AND AMERI- CANS SEEKING EMPLOYMENT? HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION, BORDER SECURITY, AND CLAIMS OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION MARCH 24, 2004 Serial No. 78 Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.house.gov/judiciary U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 92–672 PDF WASHINGTON : 2004 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 16:57 Jun 15, 2004 Jkt 089266 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 G:\WORK\IMMIG\032404\92672.000 HJUD1 PsN: 92672 COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., Wisconsin, Chairman HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan HOWARD COBLE, North Carolina HOWARD L. BERMAN, California LAMAR SMITH, Texas RICK BOUCHER, Virginia ELTON GALLEGLY, California JERROLD NADLER, New York BOB GOODLATTE, Virginia ROBERT C. SCOTT, Virginia STEVE CHABOT, Ohio MELVIN L. WATT, North Carolina WILLIAM L. JENKINS, Tennessee ZOE LOFGREN, California CHRIS CANNON, Utah SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas SPENCER BACHUS, Alabama MAXINE WATERS, California JOHN N. HOSTETTLER, Indiana MARTIN T. MEEHAN, Massachusetts MARK GREEN, Wisconsin WILLIAM D. DELAHUNT, Massachusetts RIC KELLER, Florida ROBERT WEXLER, Florida MELISSA A. HART, Pennsylvania TAMMY BALDWIN, Wisconsin JEFF FLAKE, Arizona ANTHONY D. WEINER, New York MIKE PENCE, Indiana ADAM B. SCHIFF, California J. RANDY FORBES, Virginia LINDA T. SA´ NCHEZ, California STEVE KING, Iowa JOHN R. CARTER, Texas TOM FEENEY, Florida MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee PHILIP G. KIKO, Chief of Staff-General Counsel PERRY H. APELBAUM, Minority Chief Counsel SUBCOMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION, BORDER SECURITY, AND CLAIMS JOHN N. HOSTETTLER, Indiana, Chairman JEFF FLAKE, Arizona SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee LINDA T. SA´ NCHEZ, California LAMAR SMITH, Texas ZOE LOFGREN, California ELTON GALLEGLY, California HOWARD L. BERMAN, California CHRIS CANNON, Utah JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan STEVE KING, Iowa MELISSA A. HART, Pennsylvania GEORGE FISHMAN, Chief Counsel ART ARTHUR, Full Committee Counsel LUKE BELLOCCHI, Counsel CINDY BLACKSTON, Professional Staff NOLAN RAPPAPORT, Minority Counsel (II) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 16:57 Jun 15, 2004 Jkt 089266 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 0486 G:\WORK\IMMIG\032404\92672.000 HJUD1 PsN: 92672 C O N T E N T S MARCH 24, 2004 OPENING STATEMENT Page The Honorable John N. Hostettler, a Representative in Congress From the State of Indiana, and Chairman, Subcommittee on Immigration, Border Security, and Claims ............................................................................................ 1 The Honorable Howard L. Berman, a Representative in Congress From the State of California ................................................................................................ 3 The Honorable Jeff Flake, a Representative in Congress From the State of Arizona .............................................................................................................. 4 The Honorable John Conyers, Jr., a Representative in Congress From the State of Michigan, and Ranking Member, Committee on the Judiciary ......... 5 The Honorable Chris Cannon, a Representative in Congress From the State of Utah .................................................................................................................. 6 The Honorable Steve King, a Representative in Congress From the State of Iowa ................................................................................................................... 7 The Honorable Linda T. Sa´nchez, a Representative in Congress From the State of California ................................................................................................ 9 The Honorable Lamar Smith, a Representative in Congress From the State of Texas ................................................................................................................. 10 The Honorable Sheila Jackson Lee, a Representative in Congress From the State of Texas, and Ranking Member, Subcommittee on Immigration, Bor- der Security, and Claims ..................................................................................... 42 WITNESSES Mr. Mark Krikorian, Executive Director, Center for Immigration Studies Oral Testimony ..................................................................................................... 12 Prepared Statement ............................................................................................. 15 Dr. Frank Morris, Chairman of the Board, Diversity Alliance for a Sustain- able America Oral Testimony ..................................................................................................... 20 Prepared Statement ............................................................................................. 22 Mr. Roy Beck, Executive Director, NumbersUSA Education and Research Foundation Oral Testimony ..................................................................................................... 28 Prepared Statement ............................................................................................. 30 Mr. Muzaffar Chishti, Director, Migration Policy Institute, New York Univer- sity School of Law Oral Testimony ..................................................................................................... 35 Prepared Statement ............................................................................................. 36 APPENDIX MATERIAL SUBMITTED FOR THE HEARING RECORD Material submitted by the Honorable Chris Cannon, a Representative in Congress From the State of Utah Letter of Support for S. 1645 and H.R. 3142 ..................................................... 69 Prepared Statement of Bob Stallman, President, American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF) ............................................................................................ 78 Americans for Tax Reform (ATR) Legislative Alert .......................................... 79 (III) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 16:57 Jun 15, 2004 Jkt 089266 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 G:\WORK\IMMIG\032404\92672.000 HJUD1 PsN: 92672 IV Page Letter from Robert Guenther, Vice President, Public Policy, the United Fresh Fruit & Vegetable Association .............................................................. 80 Release from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce ................................................... 81 The Weekly Standard Article .............................................................................. 82 Release from the Essential Worker Immigration Coalition (EWIC) ................ 86 Prepared Statement of Dr. James Holt, on behalf of the Agricultural Coali- tion for Immigration Reform and the National Council of Agricultural Employers .......................................................................................................... 87 Wall Street Journal Article ................................................................................. 98 National Foundation for American Policy Report ............................................. 99 Wall Street Journal Article ................................................................................. 122 Release from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce ................................................... 123 Letter from J.R. Gonzales, Chairman of the Board, the U.S. Hispanic Chamber of Commerce ..................................................................................... 124 Material submitted by the Honorable Linda T. Sa´nchez, a Representative in Congress From the State of California Letter from Vibiana Andrade, Acting President, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund (MALDEF) ......................................... 125 Letter from Manuel Mirabal, Chair, the National Hispanic Leadership Agenda (NHLA) ................................................................................................ 128 Prepared Statement of the Honorable Elton Gallegly, a Representative in Congress From the State of California ............................................................... 130 Prepared Statement of the Honorable Sheila Jackson Lee, a Representative in Congress From the State of Texas ................................................................. 130 Prepared Statement of the Honorable Bob Goodlatte, a Representative in Congress From the State of Virginia .................................................................. 131 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 16:57 Jun 15, 2004 Jkt 089266 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 G:\WORK\IMMIG\032404\92672.000 HJUD1 PsN: 92672 HOW WOULD MILLIONS OF GUEST WORKERS IMPACT WORKING AMERICANS AND AMERI- CANS SEEKING EMPLOYMENT? WEDNESDAY, MARCH 24, 2004 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION, BORDER SECURITY, AND CLAIMS, COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY, Washington, DC. The Subcommittee met, pursuant to call, at 10:04 a.m., in Room 2141, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. John N. Hostettler (Chair of the Subcommittee) presiding. Mr. HOSTETTLER. The Subcommittee will come to order. There has recently been much discussion of the creation of an ex- pansive new guest worker program to meet the needs of employers for low-skilled workers. A number of plans have been proposed that would allow the employers of