Bibliography [Aba94] Martin Abadi. Baby Modula-3 and a theory of objects. Journal of Functional Programming, 4:249–283, 1994. [AC93] Roberto Amadio and Luca Cardelli. Subtyping recursive types. ACM Trans- actions on Programming Languages and Systems, 15(4):575–631, 1993. [AC95a] Martin Abadi and Luca Cardelli. An imperative object calculus. In P.D. Mosses and M. Nielsen, editors, TAPSOFT '95: Theory and Practice of Software De- velopment, pages 471–485. Springer-Verlag, LNCS 915, 1995. [AC95b] Martin Abadi and Luca Cardelli. On subtyping and matching. In Proceedings ECOOP '95, pages 145–167, 1995. [AC96] Martin Abadi and Luca Cardelli. A Theory of Objects. Springer-Verlag, 1996. [ACV96] Martin Abadi, Luca Cardelli, and Ramesh Viswanathan. An interpretation of objects and object types. In Proc. ACM Symp. on Principles of Programming Lan- guages, pages 396–409, 1996. [AFM97] Ole Ageson, Stephen Freund, and John C. Mitchell. Adding parameterized types to Java. In ACM Symposium on Object-Oriented Programming: Systems, Lan- guages, and Applications, pages 49–65, 1997. [AGH99] Ken Arnold, James Gosling, and David Holmes. The Java Programming Lan- guage. Addison Wesley, third edition, 1999. [Ame87] Pierre America. Inheritance and subtyping in a parallel object-oriented lan- guage. In Jean Bezivin et al., editor, ECOOP '87, pages 234–242. Springer-Verlag, LNCS 276, 1987. [AvdL90] Pierre America and Frank van der Linden. A parallel object-oriented lan- guage with inheritance and subtyping. In OOPSLA-ECOOP '90 Proceedings, pages 161–168. ACM SIGPLAN Notices,25(10), October 1990. [Bac81] J. W. Backus. The history of FORTRAN I, II, and III. In R. L. Wexelblatt, editor, History of Programming Languages, pages 25–45. Academic Press, 1981. 368 Bibliography [Bar84] Henk P. Barendregt. The Lambda Calculus: Its Syntax and Semantics. North Holland, 1984. [Bar92] Henk P. Barendregt. Lambda calculus with types. In Handbook of Logic in Computer Science, volume 2. Oxford University Press, 1992. [BCC 95] Kim B. Bruce, Luca Cardelli, Giuseppe Castagna, The Hopkins Objects Group, Gary T. Leavens, and Benjamin Pierce. On binary methods. Theory and Practice of Object Systems, 1(3):221–242, 1995. [BCD 93] Kim B. Bruce, J. Crabtree, A. Dimock, R. Muller, T. Murtagh, and R. van Gent. Safe and decidable type checking in an object-oriented language. In Proc. ACM Symp. on Object-Oriented Programming: Systems, Languages, and Applications, pages 29–46, 1993. [BCK94] Kim B. Bruce, J. Crabtree, and G. Kanapathy. An operational semantics for TOOPLE: A statically-typed object-oriented programming language. In S. Brookes, M. Main, A. Melton, M. Mislove, and D. Schmidt, editors, Mathematical Foundations of Programming Semantics, pages 603–626. LNCS 802, Springer-Verlag, 1994. [BCP99] Kim B. Bruce, Luca Cardelli, and Benjamin C. Pierce. Comparing object en- codings. Information and Computation, 155:108–133, 1999. A preliminary version appeared in Proceedings of TACS '97 (Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science), LNCS 1281, pp. 415-438. [BDMN73] G.M. Birtwistle, O.-J. Dahl, B. Myhrhaug, and K. Nygaard. SIMULA Begin. Aurbach, 1973. [BFP97] Kim B. Bruce, Adrian Fiech, and Leaf Petersen. Subtyping is not a good “match” for object-oriented languages. In ECOOP '97, pages 104–127. LNCS 1241, Springer-Verlag, 1997. [BFSvG01] Kim B. Bruce, Adrien Fiech, Angela Schuett, and Robert van Gent. PolyTOIL: A type-safe polymorphic object-oriented language. Technical report, Williams College, 2001. submitted for publication. [BG93] Gilad Bracha and David Griswold. Strongtalk: Typechecking Smalltalk in a production environment. In Proc. ACM Symp. on Object-Oriented Programming: Systems, Languages, and Applications, pages 215–230, 1993. [BH91] A. Black and N. Hutchinson. Typechecking polymorphism in Emerald. Tech- nical Report CRL 91/1 (Revised), DEC Cambridge Research Lab, 1991. [BHJ 87] A. P. Black, N. Hutchinson, E. Jul, H. M. Levy, and L. Carter. Distribu- tion and abstract types in Emerald. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE- 13(1):65–76, 1987. [BI82] A.H. Borning and D.H. Ingalls. A type declaration and inference system for Smalltalk. In ACM Symp. Principles of Programming Languages, pages 133–141, 1982. Bibliography 369 [BL90] Kim B. Bruce and G. Longo. A modest model of records, inheritance and bounded quantification. Information and Computation, 87(1/2):196–240, 1990. Reprinted in Theoretical Aspects of Object-Oriented Programming, ed. Gunter and Mitchell, MIT Press (1994), pp. 151-195. [BOSW98] Gilad Bracha, Martin Odersky, David Stoutamire, and Philip Wadler. Mak- ing the future safe for the past: Adding genericity to the java programming lan- guage. In Object-Oriented Programming: Systems, Languages, Applications (OOPSLA), Vancouver, October 1998. ACM. [BOW98] Kim B. Bruce, Martin Odersky, and Philip Wadler. A statically safe alterna- tive to virtual types. In ECOOP '98, pages 523–549. LNCS 1445, Springer-Verlag, 1998. [BPV98] Kim B. Bruce, Leaf Petersen, and Joseph C. Vanderwaart. Modules in LOOM: Classes are not enough. Technical report, Williams College, 1998. [Bru92] Kim B. Bruce. The equivalence of two semantic definitions of inheritance in object-oriented languages. In S. Brookes, M. Main, A. Melton, M. Mislove, and D. Schmidt, editors, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mathematical Foundations of Programming Semantics, pages 102–124. LNCS 598, Springer-Verlag, 1992. [Bru94] Kim B. Bruce. A paradigmatic object-oriented programming language: de- sign, static typing and semantics. Journal of Functional Programming, 4(2):127–206, 1994. An earlier version of this paper appeared in the 1993 POPL Proceedings. [Bru97] Kim B. Bruce. Increasing Java's expressiveness with ThisType and match- bounded polymorphism. Technical report, Williams College, 1997. [BS98] Egon Börger and Wolfram Schulte. A programmer friendly modular definition of the semantics of Java. In Jim Alves-Foss, editor, Formal Syntax and Semantics of Java. Springer, 1998. [BSvG95] Kim B. Bruce, Angela Schuett, and Robert van Gent. PolyTOIL: A type-safe polymorphic object-oriented language, extended abstract. In ECOOP '95, pages 27–51. LNCS 952, Springer-Verlag, 1995. [BTCGS89] V. Breazu-Tannen, T. Coquand, C.A. Gunter, and A. Scedrov. Inheritance and explicit coercion. In Fourth IEEE Symp. Logic in Computer Science, pages 112– 129, 1989. [BTCGS91] V. Breazu-Tannen, T. Coquand, C.A. Gunter, and A. Scedrov. Inheritance and implicit coercion. Information and Computation, 93(1):172–221, 1991. [Bur98] Jon Burstein. Rupiah: An extension to Java supporting match-bounded parametric polymorphism, ThisType, and exact typing. Williams College Senior Honors Thesis, 1998. [BV99] Kim B. Bruce and Joseph C. Vanderwaart. Semantics-driven language design: Statically type-safe virtual types in object-oriented languages. In 370 Bibliography Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, volume 20, 1999. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/entcs/volume20.html, 26 pages. [BW90] Kim B. Bruce and Peter Wegner. An algebraic model of subtype and inher- itance. In Francois Bancilhon and Peter Buneman, editors, Advances in Database Programming Language, pages 75–96. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990. [Car88] L. Cardelli. A semantics of multiple inheritance. Information and Computation, 76:138–164, 1988. Special issue devoted to Symp. on Semantics of Data Types, Sophia- Antipolis (France), 1984. [Car97] Luca Cardelli. Type systems. In Allen Tucker, editor, Handbook of Computer Science and Engineering, pages 2208–2236. CRC Press, 1997. [Cas95] Giuseppe Castagna. Covariance and contravariance: Conflict without a cause. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 17:431–447, 1995. [Cas97] Giuseppe Castagna. Object-Oriented Programming: A unified foundation. Progress in Theoretical Computer Science. Birkhauser, 1997. [CCH 89] P. Canning, W. Cook, W. Hill, J. Mitchell, and W. Olthoff. F-bounded quan- tification for object-oriented programming. In Functional Prog. and Computer Archi- tecture, pages 273–280, 1989. [CDG 88] L. Cardelli, J. Donahue, L. Galssman, M. Jordan, B. Kalsow, and G. Nelson. Modula-3 report. Technical Report SRC-31, DEC systems Research Center, 1988. [CDJ 89] L. Cardelli, J. Donahue, M. Jordan, B. Kalsow, and G. Nelson. The Modula- 3 type system. In Sixteenth ACM Symp. Principles of Programming Languages, pages 202–212, 1989. [CG92] P.L. Curien and G. Ghelli. Coherence of subsumption, minimum typing and type-checking in ¢¡ . Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, 2:55–91, 1992. [Cha95] Craig Chambers. The cecil language: Specification and rationale, version 2.1. Technical report, University of Washington, 1995. [CHC90] William R. Cook, Walter L. Hill, and Peter S. Canning. Inheritance is not subtyping. In Proc. 17th ACM Symp. on Principles of Programming Languages, pages 125–135, January 1990. [Chu32] Alonzo Church. A set of postulates for the foundations of logic. Annals of Mathematics, 33:346–366, 1932. A second paper with the same title appeared in Volume 33, pp. 839-864 of the same journal. [Chu36] Alonzo Church. An unsolvable problem of elementary number theory. Amer- ican Journal of Mathematics, 58:345–363, 1936. [Chu40] Alonzo Church. A formulation of the simple theory of types. Journal of Sym- bolic Logic, 5:56–68, 1940. [Chu41] Alonzo Church. The Calculi of Lambda Conversion. Princeton Univ. Press, 1941. Reprinted 1963 by University Microfilms Inc., Ann Arbor, MI. Bibliography 371 [CL95] Craig Chambers and Gary T. Leavens. Typechecking and modules for multi- methods. TOPLAS,