ADAMAWA RAMP II ESIA for Rehabilitation of 29 Rural Roads in Adamawa State Rural Access Mobility Project ``` Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ENUGU RAMP II ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) Public Disclosure Authorized FOR 270.059KM OF RURAL ROADS IN ENUGU STATE Final Report Public Disclosure Authorized DECEMBER 2019 Page | i ENUGU RAMP 2 ESIA for Rehabilitation of 270.059km of Rural Roads in Enugu State Contents Contents ............................................................................................................................ ii List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... v List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... v Abbreviations and Acronyms ............................................................................................... vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ ix 1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Project Development Objective .............................................................................. 1 1.1.2 Project Components ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Rationale for the ESIA ................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Objectives of the ESIA ................................................................................................ 2 1.4 Technical Approach and Methodology to the ESIA ........................................................... 3 2 CHAPTER TWO: POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORKS .................... 4 2.1 Policy and Legal Framework ......................................................................................... 4 2.2 Administrative Framework ........................................................................................... 5 2.2.1 Federal Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) .............................................. 5 2.2.2 Federal Ministry of Environment .................................................................................. 5 2.2.3 Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development .................................................. 5 2.2.4 Other Acts and Legislations ................................................................................... 6 2.2.5 State Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) ................................................ 6 2.2.6 Gender Based Violence in Nigeria ............................................................................. 7 2.2.7 World Bank Safeguard Policies .............................................................................. 8 2.2.8 World Bank Environment and Social Safeguards Policies Applicability to RAMP 2 ............ 9 2.2.9 International Treaties Relevant to Social Protection .................................................10 2.2.10 Regional Treaties Relevant to Gender based Violence (GBV) .......................................11 2.2.11 Assessment of the Policy and Regulatory Framework for Environmental & Social Issues ........................................................................................................................11 3 CHAPTER THREE: PROJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................... 14 3.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................14 3.2 Description of the Project ...........................................................................................14 3.2.1 Description of the Roads and Scope of Works .........................................................14 4 CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ...................................... 23 4.1 Project Alternatives .....................................................................................................23 4.1.1 Do Nothing Project Alternative ...................................................................................23 4.1.2 Using Alternative Travel Modes ..................................................................................23 4.1.3 Alternative Alignment ...............................................................................................23 4.1.4 Construction of New Roads........................................................................................23 4.2 Development Options ..................................................................................................24 4.2.1 No Project Development ...........................................................................................24 Page | ii ENUGU RAMP 2 ESIA for Rehabilitation of 270.059km of Rural Roads in Enugu State 4.2.2 Delayed Project Development ....................................................................................24 4.2.3 Road Surfacing Alternative ........................................................................................24 4.2.4 Immediate Project Development ................................................................................25 5 CHAPTER FIVE: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ENVIRONMENT AND BASELINE STUDIES .................................................................................................................... 26 5.1 General Overview of Enugu State and the Project locations .............................................26 5.2 Site-specific Biophysical and Social Description of the Project Areas .................................27 5.3 Areas within Erosion and Flooding Issues .......................................................................49 5.4 Assessment of Environmental Media in the Project Areas ................................................49 5.4.4 WATER QUALITY ......................................................................................................51 5.5 Socioeconomic Characteristics of the project area ............................................................ 53 5.5.1 Land Use ................................................................................................................55 5.5.2 Health Assessment ..................................................................................................55 5.5.3 Social Structure/Trends and Social Groups ..................................................................55 5.5.4 Agriculture ..............................................................................................................55 5.5.5 Infrastructure ..........................................................................................................55 5.5.6 Social Amenities Likely to be affected during civil works ...............................................56 5.5.7 Transportation .........................................................................................................56 5.5.8 Security Challenges .................................................................................................56 CHAPTER SIX: DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ............................... 58 6.1 Background ..............................................................................................................58 6.2 Associated and Potential Environmental and Social Impacts .............................................58 6.2.1 Physical Environmental & Social Media Influence .......................................................58 6.3 Identified Potential Positive and Adverse Impacts and their ratings (by Project Phases) .......58 6.3.1 Summary of Potential Beneficial Impacts ....................................................................58 6.4 Labor Influx, Gender Based Violence (GBV) and Gender Mainstreaming .............................64 6.4.1 Labor Influx .......................................................................................................64 6.4.2 Gender Based Violence ........................................................................................65 6.4.3 GBV Risk Management Mechanisms ......................................................................66 7 CHAPTER SEVEN: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) ....... 68 7.1 Institutional Arrangement for Implementation ................................................................68 7.2 Environmental and Social Management Plan ..................................................................70 7.3 Monitoring and Reporting .......................................................................................... 104 7.3.2 Monitoring Activities ............................................................................................ 105 7.3.3 Reporting Procedures .......................................................................................... 109 7.3.4. Record Keeping and Control ................................................................................... 110 7.3.5 Implementation Schedule .................................................................................. 110 7.4 Capacity Building for Implementation of ESMP and Permit Conditions .............................. 112 7.5 Objectives of the training .........................................................................................