USOO9066853B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.066,853 B2 Clay (45) Date of Patent: Jun. 30, 2015 (54) CLONIDINE COMPOUNDS INA 3.? R 1939: Shashekar et al. BODEGRADABLE FIBER 6,723,741W - 4 B2 4/2004 Jeonawinney et al. 6,756,058 B2 6/2004 Brubaker et al. (71) Applicant: Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc., Warsaw, IN 6,773,714 B2 8, 2004 SN al (US) 6,921,541 B2 7/2005 Chasin et al. 6,974.462 B2 12/2005 Sater (72) Inventor: Danielle L. Clay, Collierville, TN (US) 7,166.5707,144,412 B2 12/20061/2007 Wolfetal.Hunter et al. 7,220.281 B2 5/2007 Lambrecht et al. (73) Assignee: Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc., Warsaw, IN 7,229,441 B2 6, 2007 E. t e (US) 7,235,043 B2 6/2007 Gellman et al. 7,287,983 B2 10/2007 Ilan (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2. g E: 3. My patent is extended or adjusted under 35 7361, 168 B2 4/2008 Miiver et al. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. 7,367,978 B2 5/2008 Drewry et al. 7,875,054 B2 * 1/2011 LaFontaine ................... 606,213 (21) Appl. No.: 13/741,475 8, 158,143 B2 * 4/2012 Lendlein et al. .............. 424/426 2002fOOO9454 A1 1/2002 Boone et al. 2002/0090398 A1 7/2002 Dunn et al. (22) Filed: Jan. 15, 2013 2002/0183855 A1 12/2002 Yamamoto et al. ........ 623/23.51 2003. O144570 A1* 7, 2003 Hunter et al. ...... (65) Prior Publication Data 2003/0153972 A1* 8, 2003 Helmus ........................ 623, 1.15 2003.0185873 A1 10, 2003 Chasin et al. US 2014/O199362 A1 Jul. 17, 2014 2003/0204191 A1 10, 2003 Sater et al. 2003,0224033 A1 12/2003 Li et al. (51) Int. Cl. 2004f0072799 A1 4, 2004 Li et al. 2004/0082540 A1 4/2004 Hermida Ochoa st 1% 3.08: 2004.01098.93 A1 6/2004 Chen et al. A6B 7/00 (2006.01) (Continued) A6 IK9/00 (2006.01) A6B 7/04 (2006.01) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS A6 IK 47/34 (2006.01) WO 2003005961 A2 1, 2003 3. ,Aras 3:08: WO WOO3O888.18 A2 * 10/2003 A61 B 17/1 I (2006.01) (Continued) (52) U.S. Cl. OTHER PUBLICATIONS CPC ............... A61K 9/0024 (2013.01); A61B 1704 (2013.01); A61 B 17/06166 (2013.01); A61B Atrigel, Drug Delivery Platform, QLT USA, Inc., Revised Jul. 2006, 17/I 128 (2013.01); A61B 2017/00893 2 pages. (2013.01); A61 K47/34 (2013.01); A61 K9/70 Medline, Pharmacological Approaches, www.medscape.com/ (2013.01); A61K 31/4168 (2013.01) viewarticle/552267 3, 2 pages, J Neurosci Nurs. 2006;38(6):456 O A O s 459. (58) Field of Classification Search Elizabeth A. Moberg-Wolff, MD, Spasticity, Updated Dec. 21, 2007. pp. 1-15. See application file for complete search history. Daniel P. Moore, Helping your patients with spasticity reach maxi mal function, vol. 104, No. 2, Aug. 1998, www.postgradmed.com/ (56) References Cited issue? 1998/08 98/moore..thm., pp. 1-9. U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Primary Examiner — Robert A Wax 4,624,255 11, 1986 Schenck et al. Assistant Examiner — Olga V Tcherkasskaya 4,742,054 5, 1988 Naftchi 4,863,457 9, 1989 Lee (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Sorell Lenna & Schmidt 5,522,844 6, 1996 Johnson LLP 5,626,838 5, 1997 Cavanaugh, Jr. 5,759,583 6, 1998 Iwamoto et al. 5,868,789 2, 1999 Huebner (57) ABSTRACT 5,942,241 8, 1999 Chasin et al. 5,980,927 11, 1999 Nelson et al. Effective treatments of pain for extended periods of time are 6,069,129 5, 2000 Sandberg et al. provided. Through the administration of an effective amount 6, 160,084 * 12/2000 Langer et al. ................. 528,272 of clonidine in a fiber at or near a target site, one can relieve 6,179,862 1, 2001 Sawhney pain caused by diverse sources, including but not limited to 6,248.345 6, 2001 Goldenheim et al. spinal disc herniation (i.e. sciatica), spondilothesis, Stenosis, 6,287,588 9, 2001 Shih et al. 6,326,020 12, 2001 Kohane et al. discogenic back pain and joint pain, as well as pain that is 6,331,311 12, 2001 Brodbeck et al. incidental to surgery. When appropriate fiber formulations 6,428,804 8, 2002 Suzuki et al. are provided within biodegradable polymers, this pain relief 6,461,631 10, 2002 Dunn et al. can be continued for at least three days. 6,524,607 2, 2003 Goldenheim et al. 6,534,081 3, 2003 Goldenheim et al. 6,589,549 T/2003 Shih et al. 9 Claims, 4 Drawing Sheets US 9,066,853 B2 Page 2 (56) References Cited 2007/0248639 A1 10/2007 Demopulos et al. 2007,0253994 A1 11/2007 Hildebrand U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 2008, 0021074 A1 1/2008 Cartt 2008/0091207 A1 4/2008 Truckai et al. 2004/0214793 A1 10, 2004 Hermida Ochoa 2008/O132922 A1* 6/2008 Buevich et al. ............... 606,151 2005/0025797 A1* 2/2005 Wang et al. ............... 424/422 2008. O133001 A1* 6, 2008 Shalev et al. ... ... 623, 149 2005/0058688 A1* 3/2005 Boerger et al. ............... 424/426 2009 OO18559 A1 1/2009 Buevich et al. ... 606,151 2005, 00792O2 A1* 4/2005 Chen et al. .................... 424/426 2009. 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O156180 A1 7/2007 Jaax et al. 2007/O185497 A1 8, 2007 Cauthen et al. WO 2005034998 A2 4/2005 2007/0202074 A1 8/2007 Shalaby WO WO 2008O14066 A1 * 1, 2008 2007/0243225 A1 10/2007 McKay 2007/0243228 A1 10/2007 McKay * cited by examiner U.S. Patent Jun. 30, 2015 Sheet 1 of 4 US 9.066,853 B2 18 16 2 i. i. U.S. Patent Jun. 30, 2015 Sheet 2 of 4 US 9.066,853 B2 U.S. Patent US 9.066,853 B2 SWT. WIWWO % U.S. Patent Jun. 30, 2015 Sheet 4 of 4 US 9.066,853 B2 US 9,066,853 B2 1. 2 CLONDINE COMPOUNDS INA positions and methods may for example be used to treat pain BODEGRADABLE FIBER due to post operative pain, a spinal disc herniation (i.e., sci atica), spondilothesis, Stenosis, osteoarthritis, carpal/tarsal BACKGROUND tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, temporomandibular joint disor der (TMJ), discogenic back pain, joint pain or inflammation. Pain is typically experienced when the free nerve endings In some embodiments, there is an implantable fiber for of pain receptors are Subject to mechanical, thermal, chemical reducing or treating pain in a patient in need of Such treat or other noxious stimuli. These pain receptors can transmit ment, the implantable fiber comprising clonidine in an signals along afferent neurons to the central nervous system amount from about 0.1 wt.% to about 40 wt.% of the and then to the brain. When a person feels pain, any one or 10 implantable fiber, and at least one biodegradable polymer, more of a number of problems can be associated with this wherein the implantable fiber is configured to release cloni sensation, including but not limited to reduced function, dine over a period of at least three days. reduced mobility, complication of sleep patterns, and In some embodiments, there is an implantable fiber or decreased quality of life. reducing or treating pain in a patient in need of Such treat The causes of pain include but are not limited to inflam 15 mation, injury, disease, muscle stress, the onset of a neuro ment, the implantable fiber comprising clonidine hydrochlo pathic event or syndrome, and damage that can result from ride in an amount of from about 0.1 wt.% to about 30 wt.% Surgery or an adverse physical, chemical or thermal event or of the fiber and at least one polymer comprising one or more from infection by a biologic agent. When a tissue is damaged, of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), polylactide (PLA), a host of endogenous pain inducing Substances, for example, polyglycolide (PGA), D-lactide, D.L-lactide, L-lactide, bradykinin and histamine can be released from the injured L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone, D.L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone, tissue. The pain inducing Substances can bind to receptors on D.L-lactide-co-glycolide-co-e-caprolactone, collagen, poly the sensory nerve terminals and thereby initiate afferent pain ester(amide) copolymers, or a combination thereof. signals. After activation of the primary sensory afferent neu In some embodiments, there is a method for treating acute rons, the projection neurons may be activated.