Draft first regional report on the implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development Third session of the Regional Conference on Population and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean Lima, 7-9 August 2018 Thank you for your interest in this ECLAC publication ECLAC Publications Please register if you would like to receive information on our editorial products and activities. When you register, you may specify your particular areas of interest and you will gain access to our products in other formats. www.cepal.org/en/suscripciones Draft first regional report on the implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development Summary Draft first regional report on the implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development Third session of the Regional Conference on Population and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean Lima, 7-9 August 2018 1 Alicia Bárcena Executive Secretary Mario Cimoli Deputy Executive Secretary a.i. Raúl García-Buchaca Deputy Executive Secretary for Management and Programme Analysis Paulo Saad Chief, Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE)-Population Division of ECLAC Ricardo Pérez Chief, Publications and Web Services Division This document was prepared by the Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE)-Population Division of ECLAC, in its capacity as technical secretariat for the third session of the Regional Conference on Population and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean, to be held in Lima from 7 to 9 August 2018. The technical secretariat was assisted by the Division for Gender Affairs of ECLAC and received support and assistance from the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) for the preparation of the document. United Nations publication This publication should be cited as follows: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Draft first regional report LC/CRPD.3/3 on the implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development (LC/CRPD.3/3), Santiago, 2018. Distr.: Limited Applications for authorization to reproduce this work in whole or in part should be sent to the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Original: Spanish Caribbean (ECLAC), Publications and Web Services Division, [email protected]. Member States and their governmental institutions Copyright © United Nations, 2018 may reproduce this work without prior authorization, but are requested to mention the source and to inform ECLAC of such reproduction. All rights reserved Printed at United Nations, Santiago S.18-00377 Draft first regional report on the implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development Summary CONTENTS Executive summary.................................................................................................................................................... 9 Chapter I Background on the process for regional follow-up of the Montevideo Consensus: preparation of the draft first regional report ....................................................................................................... 25 Chapter II The demographic context in Latin America and the Caribbean ...................................................................... 31 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 33 A. Major trends.................................................................................................................................................... 33 1. Mortality has been declining and life expectancy rising ........................................................................ 33 2. Overall fertility has been dropping, but adolescent fertility remains high ............................................. 33 3. The population will grow until mid-century while its age structure becomes older .............................. 34 4. Intraregional migration is growing .......................................................................................................... 35 5. Territorial inequality persists ................................................................................................................... 36 6. The demographic diversity of indigenous and Afrodescendent peoples in a context of inequality ....... 36 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................... 37 Chapter III Regional follow-up of implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development ........................................................................................................................... 39 A. Full integration of population dynamics into sustainable development with equality and respect for human rights .......................................................................................................................... 41 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 41 2. The situation regarding full integration of population dynamics into sustainable development with equality and respect for human rights ............................................................................................ 42 3. Conclusions .............................................................................................................................................. 53 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................... 55 Annex III.A1 ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 3 Contents Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) B. Rights, needs, responsibilities and requirements of girls, boys, adolescents and youth .............................. 59 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 59 2. The situation regarding the priority measures in the chapter ................................................................. 60 3. Conclusions .............................................................................................................................................. 76 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................... 77 C. Ageing, social protection and socioeconomic challenges ............................................................................. 79 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 79 2. Expanding income security in old age ..................................................................................................... 80 3. Improvement and extension of social protection in health ..................................................................... 83 4. Palliative care and dignified death in old age ......................................................................................... 85 5. More and better long-term care services needed ................................................................................... 86 6. Expanding protection of the human rights of older persons ................................................................... 89 7. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................. 90 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................... 91 D. Universal access to sexual and reproductive health services ........................................................................ 93 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 93 2. The situation regarding universal access to sexual and reproductive health services .......................... 94 3. The situation regarding sexual and reproductive rights ........................................................................ 103 4. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................ 106 Bibliography ......................................................................................................................................................... 107 Annex III.A2 ......................................................................................................................................................... 109 E. Gender equality ............................................................................................................................................. 111 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 111 2. The situation regarding priority measures for gender equality ............................................................