- 1 - Federal Ministry of the Interior of the Federal Republic of Germany 2004 Annual Report of the Office for the Protection of the Constitution CONTENTS Organisational Data.................................................................9 I. Organisational data pursuant to Section 16 (2) of the Federal Act on the Protection of the Constitution (Bundesverfassungsschutzgesetz, BVerfSchG)........................................................................................................9 1. Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz, BfV).....................................................................................9 2. Military Counterintelligence Service (Militärischer Abschirmdienst, MAD)..........9 II. Other organisational data.................................................................................9 Democracy and Protection of the Constitution ........................ 11 I. Protection of the Constitution under the Basic Law....................................11 II. Offices for the Protection of the Constitution: Tasks and powers .............13 III. Supervision of the authorities responsible for the protection of the Constitution.....................................................................................................15 IV. Annual Report on the Protection of the Constitution ..................................16 V. Protection of the Constitution through information and awareness..........17 Right-Wing Extremist Activities ............................................. 21 I. Overview ..........................................................................................................21 1. Ideology ............................................................................................................21 2. Developments within right-wing extremism .......................................................22 II. Statistical overview.........................................................................................27 1. Organisations and following ..............................................................................27 2. Politically motivated crime ................................................................................ 29 2.1 Defining politically motivated crime................................................................... 29 2.2 Politically motivated crime and violent acts....................................................... 30 2.3 Right-wing extremist crime and violence .......................................................... 31 2.3.1 Overview........................................................................................................... 31 2.3.2 Targets of violent crimes with an extremist background ................................... 34 2.3.3 Breakdown of violent crimes by Land ............................................................... 36 III. Right-wing extremists with a propensity to violence .................................. 39 1. Violent right-wing extremist following................................................................ 39 2. Weapons and discussion of the use of violence ............................................... 39 3. Right-wing extremist skinheads ........................................................................ 42 3.1 Inter-regional skinhead organisations ............................................................... 43 3.2 Blood & Honour after the ban ........................................................................... 43 3.3 Right-wing extremist skinhead music................................................................ 44 3.4 Distributors of right-wing extremist skinhead music.......................................... 47 3.5 Skinhead fanzines ............................................................................................ 48 IV. Neo-Nazism ..................................................................................................... 50 V. Political parties ............................................................................................... 55 1. Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands (NPD, National-Democratic Party of Germany) ............................................................................................ 55 1.1 Objectives......................................................................................................... 55 1.2 Organisation and development......................................................................... 68 1.3 Junge Nationaldemokraten (JN, Young National-Democrats) ......................... 72 2. Deutsche Volksunion (DVU, German People’s Union) ..................................... 74 2.1 Goals and methods........................................................................................... 75 2.2 Organisation and development......................................................................... 80 3. Die Republikaner (REP, The Republicans)....................................................... 83 3.1 Objectives......................................................................................................... 83 3.2 Organisation and development......................................................................... 87 VI. Efforts to foster intellectual right-wing extremism...................................... 92 VII. Anti-Semitism ................................................................................................. 95 VIII. International connections.............................................................................101 1. Events with international participation .............................................................101 2. Right-wing extremist activities within the Europäische Darstellungsverein für Lebendige Geschichte (EDLG, European re-enactment association for living history) ...................................................................................................103 3. International revisionism .................................................................................104 IX. Means of agitation and communication......................................................107 1. Periodical publications.....................................................................................107 2. Unaffiliated publishing houses and distributors ...............................................107 3. The Internet.....................................................................................................111 Left-Wing Extremist Activities.............................................. 115 I. Overview ........................................................................................................115 Left-wing extremist developments ...............................................................................115 II. Statistical overview.......................................................................................118 1. Organisations and following ............................................................................118 2. Left-wing extremist crime and violence ..........................................................120 III. Violent left-wing extremism .........................................................................126 1. Autonomists ....................................................................................................127 1.1 Following and self-definition............................................................................127 1.2 Forms of action ...............................................................................................130 1.3 Autonomist structures with proto-terrorist elements ........................................133 2. Traditional anarchists ......................................................................................137 IV. Political parties and other groups ...............................................................139 1. Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus (PDS, Party of Democratic Socialism)........................................................................................................139 1.1 General developments ....................................................................................140 1.2 Extremist structures in the PDS ......................................................................142 1.3 Participation in elections..................................................................................147 1.4 Co-operation with German left-wing extremists outside the party ...................148 1.5 International links............................................................................................ 149 2. Deutsche Kommunistische Partei (DKP, German Communist Party) and its circle ............................................................................................................... 152 2.1 DKP ................................................................................................................ 152 2.2 Organisations associated with the DKP.......................................................... 155 3. Trotskyist groups ............................................................................................ 157 3.1 The group Linksruck ....................................................................................... 157 3.2 Sozialistische Alternative (SAV, Socialist Alternative) .................................... 159 3.3 German followers of the Internationale Arbeitnehmerverbindung (IAV, International Workers Association) ................................................................