52 pages including cover Volume No. 39 | Issue No. 12 | March 2016 Cover Story Article Digital Forensics – An Enabler 7 An Intelligent Prototype to Lay the Road to Secure Next Generation Networks 29 Cover Story Practitioner Workbench Introduction, Goals and Challenges in The Secure Shell – SSH 34 Digital Forensic Process 21 Security Corner Research Front Digital Forensics in Cloud Computing .csi-india.org w Purity of Clusters: Kernel Environments: Current Challenges and Solutions ww K-Means and Beyond 23 for Effective Forensic Investigation 38 CSI Communications | March 2016 | 1 KNOW YOUR CSI Executive Committee (2015-16/17) » President Vice-President Hon. Secretary Prof. Bipin V. Mehta Dr. Anirban Basu Mr. Sanjay Mohapatra Director, School of Computer 309, Ansal Forte, 16/2A, D/204, Kanan Tower, Studies, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad Rupena Agrahara, Bangalore Patia Square, Bhubaneswar Email : [email protected] Email : [email protected] Email : [email protected]. Hon. Treasurer Immd. Past President Mr. R. K. Vyas Mr. H. R. Mohan 70, Sanskrit Nagar Society, 40B/41, 15th Cross St, Plot No-3, Sector -14, Rohini, Delhi Wood Creek County, Chennai Email : [email protected] Email : [email protected] Nomination Committee (2015-2016) Chairman Mr. Rajeev Kumar Singh Prof. (Dr.) U.K. Singh Dr. Anil K. Saini SAIL, Ranchi DG, IIBM, Patna GGSIP University, New Delhi Regional Vice-Presidents Region - I Region - II Region - III Mr. Shiv Kumar Mr. Devaprasanna Sinha Dr. Vipin Tyagi National Informatics Centre 73B, Ekdalia Road, Jaypee University of Ministry of Comm. & IT, New Delhi Kolkata Email : [email protected] Engineering and Technology, Guna - MP Email : [email protected] Email : [email protected] Region - IV Region - V Region - VI Mr. Hari Shankar Mishra Mr. Raju L. Kanchibhotla Dr. Shirish S. Sane Doranda, Ranchi, Jharkhand Shramik Nagar, Moulali, Vice-Principal, K K Wagh Email : [email protected] Hyderabad, India Institute of Engg Education Email : [email protected] & Research,Nashik, Email : [email protected] Region - VII Dr. K. Govinda VIT University, Vellore Email : [email protected] Division Chairpersons Division-I : Hardware Division-II : Software Division-III : Applications Prof. M. N. Hoda Dr. R. Nadarajan Mr. Ravikiran Mankikar Director, BVICAM, Rohtak Road, PSG College of Technology, Jer Villa, 3rd Road,TPS 3, Santacruz New Delhi, Email : [email protected] Coimbatore, Email : [email protected] East Mumbai, Email : [email protected] Division-IV : Communications Division-V : Education and Research Dr. Durgesh Kumar Mishra Dr. Suresh C. Satapathy Prof. (CSE) & Director-MIC ANITS, Vishakhapatnam SAIT, Indore Email : [email protected] Email : [email protected] an individual. CSI Headquarter : Publication Committee Samruddhi Venture Park, Unit No. 3, 4th 2 are friends. Dr. A.K. Nayak Chairman Floor, MIDC, Andheri (E), Mumbai-400093 Prof. M.N. Hoda Member 3 is company. Maharashtra, India Dr. R. Nadarajan Member Phone : 91-22-29261700 Mr. Ravikiran Mankikar Member Fax : 91-22-28302133 Dr. Durgesh Kumar Mishra Member more than 3 makes a society. The Email : [email protected] Dr. Suresh C. Satapathy Member arrangement of these elements makes Dr. Vipin Tyagi Member the letter 'C' connoting 'Computer Dr. R.N. Satapathy Member Society of India'. CSI Education Directorate : CIT Campus, 4th Cross Road, Taramani, CSI Registered Office : the space inside the letter 'C' Chennai-600 113, Tamilnadu, India 302, Archana Arcade, 10-3-190, connotes an arrow - the feeding-in of Phone : 91-44-22541102 St. Johns Road, Secunderabad-500025, information or receiving information Fax : 91-44-22541103 : 91-44-22542874 Telengana, India from a computer. Email : [email protected] Phone : 040-27821998 Important Contact Details » For queries, correspondence regarding Membership, contact [email protected] CSI Communications | March 2016 | 2 www.csi-india.org CSI Communications Contents Volume No. 39 • Issue No. 12 • March 2016 Chief Editor Cover Story Dr. A. K. Nayak 7 Digital Forensics – An Enabler by Sandeep Godbole Guest Editor 9 Digital Video Forensics: Description Based Person Identification Dr. Vipin Tyagi by Mehul S. Raval Published by 12 Digital Forensics in Virtual Environments Hon. Secretary by Ezz El-Din Hemdan and Manjaiah D.H. Mr. Sanjay Mohapatra 14 The Role of Cyber Forensics in Legal and Ethical Aspects of Cyberspace by Vijith T. K. and K. V. Pramod For Computer Society of India 18 Overview of Digital Forensic Investigation Design, Print and by K. Nithya and M. Saranya Dispatch by 20 Digital Forensics: Need of the Hour by Gobi Ramasamy CyberMedia Services Limited 21 Introduction, Goals and Challenges in Digital Forensic Process by Dilpreet Singh Bajwa and Satish Kumar Research Front 23 Purity of Clusters: Kernel K-Means and Beyond by Pranab Kumar Das Gupta, Bindu Patnala and Asit Kumar Sahu 26 Digital Forensics and its challenges in Big Data by Sunita A. Yadwad Articles 29 An Intelligent Prototype to Lay the Road to Secure Next Generation Networks by R. Nagarathna and S. Mercy Shalinie 32 Web Application Vulnerabilities – The Hacker’s Paradise by B. Janet, Nirmal K. and R. Kumar Practitioner Workbench 34 The Secure Shell – SSH by A. Bharanidharan Security Corner 38 Digital Forensics in Cloud Computing Environments: Current Challenges and Solutions for Effective Please note: CSI Communications is published by Computer Forensic Investigation Society of India, a non-profit organization. by Anand Nayyar and Vikram Puri Views and opinions expressed in the CSI Communications are those of individual authors, contributors and advertisers and they may differ from policies and official statements of CSI. These should not be construed as legal or professional advice. The CSI, the publisher, the editors and the contributors are not responsible for any decisions taken by readers on the basis of these views and PLUS opinions. Although every care is being taken to ensure Book Review 33 genuineness of the writings in this publication, CSI Communications does not attest to the Membership Form 36 originality of the respective authors’ content. © 2012 CSI. All rights reserved. Brain Teaser 41 Instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for non-commercial classroom use 43 without fee. For any other copying, reprint or CSI Reports republication, permission must be obtained in writing from the Society. Copying for other than Student Branches News 47 personal use or internal reference, or of articles or columns not owned by the Society without explicit permission of the Society or the copyright Complaints of non-receipt of CSIC may be communicated to Mr. Ashish Pawar, 022-29261724, [email protected], indicating owner is strictly prohibited. name, membership no, validity of membership (other than life members), complete postal address with pin code and contact no. Printed and Published by Mr. Sanjay Mohapatra on Behalf of Computer Soceity of India, Printed at G.P.Offset Pvt Ltd. Unit-81, Plot-14, Marol Co-Op. Industrial Estate, off Andheri Kurla Road, Andheri (East), Mumbai 400059 and Published from Computer Society of India, Samruddhi Venture Park, Unit-3, 4th Floor, Marol Industrial Area, Andheri (East), Mumbai 400093. Tel. : 022-2926 1700 • Fax : 022-2830 2133 • Email : [email protected] Editor: Dr. A. K. Nayak CSI Communications | March 2016 | 3 E D I TOR I A L Dear Fellow CSI Members, Digital forensics is an emerging area in the digital age that deals with acquisition, recovery, documentation, and analysis of information generated by the digital devices. It generally deals with finding evidences to deal with questions like: what happened, why happened, when happened, how it happened, and who was involved. Digital Forensics is very challenging due to involved technical complexity of digital evidence as courts find it difficult to understand the true nature and value of that evidence. It is increasingly common for criminal trials to rely on digital evidence. Digital evidence is used these days in the court proceedings. Keeping in mind the importance of Digital Forensics in today’s context, the publication committee of Computer Society of India, selected the theme of CSI Communications (The Knowledge Digest for IT Community) March 2016 issue as “Digital Forensics”. The first cover story of this issue “Digital Forensics – An Enabler” by S. Godbole describes importance of digital forensics capabilities for an organization. In next cover story “Digital Video Forensics: Description Based Personal Identification”, M. S. Raval has described challenges and possible solutions in person identification using soft biometrics. Cover story “Digital Forensics in Virtual for carrying out effective digital forensic investigation in real Environments” by E. E. Hemdan and Manjaiah D.H. discusses environments. about the digital forensic investigation process in the virtual environments. Next, Vijith T. K. and K. V. Pramod have suggested This issue also contains CSI Membership form, Book Review, certain steps which should be taken by the government, people, Crossword, CSI activity reports from divisions, chapters, student law enforcement agencies, public and private organisations for branches and Calendar of events. getting benefits of cyberspace for society in cover story “The Role I would like to thank Ms. Ritika Wason from BVICAM, Delhi, all of Cyber Forensics in Legal and Ethical Aspects of Cyberspace”. staff members from CSI HQ and CSI ED for their timely support in In “Overview of Digital Forensic Investigation”, by K. Nithya and bringing all issues during the year. M. Saranya, digital forensics investigation has been described. I take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks to Dr. Vipin Short Article “Digital Forensics: Need of the Hour” by G. Ramasamy Tyagi, Guest Editor, for bringing this issue successfully. I extend describes the importance of digital forensics in present time. Last my gratitude to the entire ExecCom and Publication Committee cover story “Introduction, Goals and Challenges in Digital Forensic for their continuous support in bringing all the issue successfully. Process” by D. S.