JESSICA JOINT EUROPEAN SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENT IN CITY AREAS JESSICA Instruments for Solid Waste Management in Greece STUDY Final Report - Part 1 Analysis of Solid Waste Management in Greece March 2010 This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. EIB Study: JESSICA instruments for SWM in Greece: FINAL Report - Part 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION.............................................................. 8 1.1. Country Presentation..............................................................................8 1.2. Climate..................................................................................................9 1.3. Administrative Areas - Population ............................................................9 1.4. Population ...........................................................................................12 1.5. Solid Waste Management Over the Past Few Years ................................15 2. LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN GREECE............... 17 2.1. Introduction.........................................................................................17 2.2. Historical Background...........................................................................17 2.3. Basic Legal Instruments on Waste Management in Greece......................19 2.3.1. Solid Waste Management Planning.................................................20 2.3.2. Non Hazardous Solid Waste...........................................................22 2.3.3. Packaging Waste and Special Streams............................................24 2.3.4. Hazardous Waste..........................................................................32 2.3.5. Medical Waste ..............................................................................33 2.4. Actors Involved in the Waste Management Sector ..................................34 2.4.1. Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change......................34 2.4.2. Waste Management Inter-ministerial Committee.............................35 2.4.3. Funding........................................................................................36 2.4.4. Public Works.................................................................................36 2.4.5. Municipalities and Waste Management Authorities ..........................37 2.4.6. Hellenic Recovery Recycling Corporation ........................................38 2.4.7. Environmental Permit....................................................................39 2.5. Maturity Plan & Environmental Licensing Procedure................................40 3. FUNDING OF WASTE MANAGEMENT INVESTMENTS .......................... 46 3.1. NSRF 2007-2013 & Urban Development ................................................46 3.1.1. General Description of NSRF 2007-2013 .........................................46 3.1.2. Sectoral Operational Programmes ..................................................47 3.1.3. Regional Operational Programmes .................................................50 3.1.4. European Territorial Cooperation Programmes ................................51 3.1.5. Financial Framework – European Funds for Cohesion Policy.............53 2 EIB Study: JESSICA instruments for SWM in Greece: FINAL Report - Part 1 3.1.6. Environment & Sustainable Development .......................................54 3.2. Public – Private Partnerships (PPP) framework .......................................58 3.2.1. General Description.......................................................................58 3.2.2. SWM projects approved by PPP Committee.....................................59 3.2.3. Proposal to PPP Unit .....................................................................61 4. MSW GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT IN GREECE .......................... 64 4.1. Introduction.........................................................................................64 4.2. MSW Current Generation and Composition.............................................64 4.2.1. MSW composition .........................................................................64 4.2.2. MSW Generation...........................................................................66 4.3. Prediction of MSW future generation .....................................................68 4.3.1. Correlation between income and MSW generation...........................69 4.3.2. 3 Scenarios Analysis......................................................................76 4.4. Current MSW Management in Greece ....................................................80 4.4.1. Waste collection and transport.......................................................80 4.4.2. Waste Treatment and Disposal ......................................................80 4.5. Secondary Product Market ....................................................................86 4.5.1. Compost market ...........................................................................86 4.5.2. RDF- SRF market ..........................................................................88 4.5.3. Recyclable materials......................................................................89 4.6. MSW management tariff system............................................................92 5. MSW MANAGEMENT FUTURE PLANNING ........................................... 94 5.1. Impact of EU Legislation.......................................................................94 5.2. Planned Facilities..................................................................................97 6. APPENDICES .....................................................................................100 3 EIB Study: JESSICA instruments for SWM in Greece: FINAL Report - Part 1 TABLE OF TABLES Table 1: Greek Prefectures ..................................................................................10 Table 2: Greek Population over time ....................................................................12 Table 3: Greek Population for every Prefecture in 2001.........................................13 Table 4: Prediction of Greek Population growth until 2028 (Eurostat - convergence scenario)............................................................................................................14 Table 5: Funding from structural funds for waste management facilities in Attiki and Central Macedonia* ............................................................................................57 Table 6: MSW composition in Greece (J.M.D 50910/2727/03)................................65 Table 7: Composition of packaging waste in MSW in Greece..................................66 Table 8: Annual total MSW generation in Greece from 1995 until 2007 (Eurostat)...66 Table 9: Annual MSW generated quantities in Attiki and Thessaloniki.....................68 Table 10: MSW generated quantities per unit of income in EU (2007) ....................71 Table 11: Real GDP growth rate - Growth rate of GDP volume percentage change on previous year (Eurostat)......................................................................................73 Table 12: Average Annual Growth of GDP in EU 2000-2009...................................75 Table 13: Central Scenario ..................................................................................77 Table 14: Min Scenario........................................................................................77 Table 15: Max Scenario.......................................................................................78 Table 16: MSW generation and treatment in Greece (1995 – 2007) .......................81 Table 17: Existing MBT Facilities in Greece (MRFs not included).............................84 Table 18: MSW Operating Results of the national packaging WM system................85 Table 19: Secondary products market average prices in Greece (2009)..................92 Table 20: Financial contribution to Municipalities for the collection of packaging waste.................................................................................................................93 Table 21: Existing and Planned Waste Treatment Facilities in Greece (MRFs not included)............................................................................................................98 4 EIB Study: JESSICA instruments for SWM in Greece: FINAL Report - Part 1 TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1: Greek Regions........................................................................................9 Figure 2: Geographical allocation of the Greek Prefectures ....................................10 Figure 3: Geographical allocation of the Greek R.O.Ps...........................................11 Figure 4: Schematic representation of the licensing process steps..........................44 Figure 5: Flow chart of the maturity procedure in case of project approval through PPP Law (source: Ministry of Economy and Finance).............................................45 Figure 6: Allocation of the National Strategic Reference Framework funds..............56 Figure 7: MSW composition in Greece in 2007 (J.M.D 50910/2727/03)...................65 Figure 8: Annual total generation of MSW in Greece (Eurostat)..............................67 Figure 9: Annual generation of MSW per capita in Greece and EU-27 (Eurostat) .....67 Figure 10: Correlation between per capita income and MSW generation in EU (2000 – 2007).................................................................................................................70