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Kallimani, Shane Tierney C O R P O R A T I O N NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH INSTITUTE Assessing Aegis Program Transition to an Open-Architecture Model Paul DeLuca, Joel B. Predd, Michael Nixon, Irv Blickstein, Robert W. Button, James G. Kallimani, Shane Tierney Prepared for the United States Navy Approved for public release; distribution unlimited The research described in this report was prepared for the U.S. Navy. The research was conducted within the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the defense Intelligence Community under Contract W91WAW- 12-C-0030. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data DeLuca, Paul. Assessing Aegis program transition to an open-architecture model / Paul DeLuca, Joel B. Predd, Michael Nixon, Irv Blickstein, Robert W. Button, James G. Kallimani, Shane Tierney. pages cm Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-8330-7879-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. AEGIS (Weapons system) I. Title. V F347.D45 2013 359.8'2519—dc23 2013008312 The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. R® is a registered trademark. Cover photo from U.S. Navy, PEO Integrated Warfare Systems. © Copyright 2013 RAND Corporation Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Copies may not be duplicated for commercial purposes. Unauthorized posting of RAND documents to a non-RAND website is prohibited. RAND documents are protected under copyright law. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit the RAND permissions page (http://www.rand.org/publications/ permissions.html). Published 2013 by the RAND Corporation 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2665 RAND URL: http://www.rand.org To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Email: [email protected] Preface The U.S. Navy’s Aegis program is a highly integrated combat system with anti-air warfare, ballistic missile defense, surface, subsurface, and strike roles. In order to reduce costs and enable the use of rapidly evolv- ing commercial computing technology, the Navy is transitioning Aegis to use open-architecture (OA) software and commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware. In 2010, the Program Executive Office for Integrated Warfare Systems asked the RAND Corporation to evaluate the impact of this transition on the development, integration, and testing of upgrades to the Aegis weapon system. Of particular concern is the impact of modernization and fielding rates on the technical infrastructure of the Aegis fleet. A previous report by the same authors documented the methods and findings of that research effort, but incorporated propri- etary information. This report removes all proprietary information and incorporates the most recent Navy Aegis plans. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Navy and conducted within the Acquisition and Technology Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the U.S. Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the defense Intel- ligence Community. For more information on the RAND Acquisition and Technol- ogy Policy Center, see http://www.rand.org/nsrd/ndri/centers/atp.html iii iv Assessing Aegis Program Transition to an Open-Architecture Model or contact the director (contact information is provided on the web page). Contents Preface ............................................................................. iii Figures ............................................................................. ix Tables .............................................................................. xi Summary .........................................................................xiii Acknowledgments ............................................................. xxv Abbreviations ..................................................................xxvii CHaptER ONE Introduction ....................................................................... 1 Research Approach ................................................................. 3 Organization of This Report ...................................................... 5 CHaptER TWO The IWS Business Model for Aegis Acquisition ............................. 7 Plan and Objectives ................................................................ 7 Distribute Periodic Capability Upgrades to New and In-Service Ships ... 7 Improve Efficiency of Weapon System Development and Support ........ 9 Promote Competition in Weapon System Development ...................10 Leverage Capability Development Across Weapon Systems ...............10 Integrate Aegis and the Missile Defense Agency’s Ballistic Missile Defense Program ...........................................................11 Enabling Investments .............................................................12 Implementation Choices .........................................................15 Assumptions .......................................................................16 Observations .......................................................................17 v vi Assessing Aegis Program Transition to an Open-Architecture Model CHaptER THREE Aegis and the Aegis Enterprise ................................................19 Introduction .......................................................................19 Approach .........................................................................19 Outline of Chapter .............................................................21 Aegis Enterprise ...................................................................21 Organizations ...................................................................21 Facilities ......................................................................... 24 Balance of Effort ................................................................. 27 Government Versus Industry ................................................ 27 U.S. Navy, BMD, and International Activity .............................. 28 Recent Versus Legacy Baselines .............................................. 30 Development Versus I&T .....................................................31 Summary ...........................................................................32 CHaptER FOUR Impact of the IWS Business Model and Implementation Choices on the Fleet ...................................................................33 The RAND Dynamic ACB/TI Model .........................................33 Model Inputs and Assumptions .............................................. 34 Model Outputs ................................................................. 36 Impact of the IWS Business Model on the Aegis Fleet .......................41 Legacy Versus IWS Business Model ......................................... 43 Effect of ACB/TI Choices on Aegis Fleet Capabilities .....................47 Impact on the BMD Fleet .....................................................49 Summary .......................................................................... 50 CHaptER FIVE Implications for the Aegis