BWF TECHNICAL OFFICIALS’ RESOURCES REFEREES’ MANUAL LEVEL 1 BWF TECHNICAL OFFICIALS’ RESOURCES REFEREES’ MANUAL LEVEL 1 Published by: BADMINTON WORLD FEDERATION Unit 1, Level 29 Naza Tower, Platinum Park 10 Persiaran KLCC 50088 Kuala Lumpur Tel +603 2631 9188 Fax +603 2631 9688 Email: [email protected] Website: bwfcorporate.com © Badminton World Federation First published May 2019 ISBN National Centre – National Library of Malaysia ISBN 978-967-16967-1-2 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted without the prior written permission of the BWF. Printed by Fussian Advertising & Printing Sdn. Bhd. Kuala Lumpur ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The BWF would like to acknowledge and thank the following individuals and organisations who have made a significant contribution to the development of this manual and the other components of the resources. MATERIALS WRITER • Christopher Lawrence EDITOR • Sharon Springer REFEREE EXPERT PANEL • Gilles Cavert • Torsten Berg • Ernest Robinson • Isabelle Jobard • Carsten Koch • Christopher Trenholme CONTINENTAL CONFEDERATIONS • Badminton Africa www.bcabadminton.org • Badminton Asia www.badmintonasia.org • Badminton Europe www.badmintoneurope.com • Badminton Pan Am www.badmintonpanam.org • Badminton Oceania www.badmintonoceania.org COVER PHOTO CREDIT: BWF / BADMINTONPHOTO MORE INFORMATION The resources for Technical Officials will be available in different languages. The material can be downloaded from the BWF Education website: bwfeducation.com BADMINTON WORLD FEDERATION Unit 1, Level 29 Naza Tower, Platinum Park 10 Persiaran KLCC 50088 Kuala Lumpur Tel +603 2631 9188 Fax +603 2631 9688 [email protected] Website: bwfcorporate.com CONTENTS 1. OVERVIEW 1.1 BWF Technical Officials’ Resources 2 1.2 Manual Contents 3 1.3 Badminton Basics 4 1.4 Aim of the Game 5 1.5 Elite Level Badminton 5 1.6 Olympic & Paralympic Games 6 1.7 The Origins of Badminton 6 1.8 Regulating Badminton Worldwide 7 1.9 BWF Vision, Mission, Goals 8 2. REFEREEING PRINCIPLES 2.1 Introduction 10 2.2 Roles and Responsibilities of the Referee – General 11 2.3 Collaboration between the Referee and the Tournament Director 12 2.4 Roles and Responsibilities of the Referee – Technical 14 2.5 Refereeing Qualities 17 2.6 Refereeing Styles 19 2.7 Summary 21 3. PRE-TOURNAMENT PLANNING 3.1 Introduction 24 3.2 Initial Dialog 24 3.3 Entry Form / Prospectus Development 25 3.4 Referee Checklists 28 3.5 Summary 32 4. DRAWS AND SCHEDULING 4.1 Introduction 34 4.2 Types of Draws 34 4.3 Scoring Systems 46 4.4 Estimation of Playing Hours and Shuttles Required 48 4.5 Event Lists 52 4.6 Acceptance of Entries 56 4.7 Seeding 57 4.8 Geographical Separation 59 4.9 The Draw 62 4.10 Scheduling Recommendations and Best Practices 78 4.11 Summary 87 5. GETTING READY TO START PLAY 5.1 Introduction 90 5.2 Field of Play and Venue Inspection 90 5.3 Dialogue with Tournament Director and Organisers 96 5.4 Briefing of Umpires & Line Judges 97 5.5 Briefing of Tournament Doctor 103 5.6 Shuttle Testing 104 5.7 Final Inspection – Ready to Start Play 107 5.8 Summary 108 6. DURING THE TOURNAMENT 6.1 Introduction 112 6.2 Redraws 113 6.3 Withdrawals, No-Shows and Substitutions 115 6.4 Daily Umpire Briefings and Umpire Feedback 120 6.5 Traffic Flow 121 6.6 Match-Control Efficiency 122 6.7 Shuttle-Speed Issues 123 6.8 On-Court Incidents – Disputes 125 6.9 On-Court Incidents – Misconduct 131 6.10 On-Court Incidents – Injuries 132 6.11 End of Day’s Play 135 6.12 Considerations regarding Finals 138 6.13 Summary 141 7. CODES OF CONDUCT 7.1 Introduction 144 7.2 Players Code of Conduct – Example 146 7.3 Coaches Code of Conduct – Example 149 7.4 Technical Officials Code of Conduct – Example 152 8. AFTER THE TOURNAMENT 8.1 Introduction 156 8.2 End of Tournament Formalities 156 8.3 Results Publishing and Tournament Data 156 8.4 Referee Report 157 BADMINTON TECHNICAL OFFICIALS REFEREES’ MANUAL LEVEL 1 CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW 2 1. OVERVIEW OVERVIEW u 1.1 BWF TECHNICAL OFFICIALS’ RESOURCES Welcome to the BWF Level 1 Referees’ Manual, which forms part of the BWF Technical Officials’ Resources. The BWF is committed to providing quality resources to assist in the training of technical officials from grassroots to international levels. This resource is free for anyone to use in improving their refereeing practice. The BWF Technical Officials’ Resources include: LEVEL 1 CHAPTER RESOURCE SEQUENCE TARGET LEVEL u LINE JUDGES’ MANUAL SINGLE LEVEL From grassroots through highest world levels UMPIRES’ MANUAL LEVEL 1 Up to and including national level LEVEL 2 Up to and including continental level REFEREES’ MANUAL REFEREES’ MANUAL LEVEL 1 Up to and including national level u LEVEL 2 Up to and including continental level These resources are available to all our member associations to use in training their technical officials. Each country will have their own structure for training, evaluation and certification of technical officials. For those who are interested in forming part of the technical officials team, the first step is to contact your national federation to inquire about opportunities and procedures. BADMINTON TECHNICAL OFFICIALS Photo credit: BWF / BADMINTONPHOTO 3 1.2 MANUAL CONTENTS This Referees’ Manual is designed to form part of the BWF Technical Officials’ Resources outlined in the previous section. For new referees it will provide an introduction to the many qualities, skills and procedures OVERVIEW that a referee will need. For those who already have some experience as referees and are looking to improve or deepen their knowledge, this resource will be a useful source of information. Finally, for national u badminton federations who are interested in training referees at local or national levels, the resource can be used as a learning tool in such training programmes. As mentioned in the previous section, this Level 1 Referees’ Manual is aimed at initial grassroots training up to national level. Users can focus on the parts that are most relevant to their needs, whether that means learning the absolute basics or reviewing the details of good refereeing practice. This same principle applies LEVEL 1 CHAPTER to national federations, who are free to use the content that most suits their training needs and national structures. The Level 2 Referees’ Manual will focus on more advanced aspects, aimed at training up to u continental level. Beyond continental level, referees will need a good deal of experience and mentoring at high-level tournaments if they aim to progress to world level. The following chart offers an easy reference to the way the manual is organised. SECTION BRIEF DESCRIPTION REFEREES’ MANUAL u 01. Overview Introduction to refereeing and badminton in general 02. Refereeing Principles The role of the referee, relationship to other stakeholders, referee styles 03. Pre-Tournament Initial dialog, developing and approving the entry form / prospectus, Planning referee checklists, seeding and draws, scheduling 04. Draws and Types of draws and how to conduct them, scheduling principles Scheduling 05. Getting Ready to Venue and field-of-play inspection, pre-tournament briefings, getting Start Play ready to start BADMINTON TECHNICAL OFFICIALS 06. During the Daily workflow, shuttle testing, managing umpires, handling on-court Tournament disputes, injuries, off-court interactions with coaches and players, good decision making 07. Codes of Conduct Discussion from a referee’s perspective of the key attributes that should be included in any codes of conduct for players, coaches, and technical officials 08. After the Tournament Lessons learned, referee reports There is also a supporting video clip available on BWF’s YouTube Channel BWFTV illustrating the correct process for testing shuttles. Further videos may be added in the future. The videos clips for line judges and umpires, available on the same site, may also be of interest to referees. 4 1.3 BADMINTON BASICS OVERVIEW u LEVEL 1 CHAPTER Badminton is: u • a net game. • played on a rectangular court. • a volleying game, with rallies beginning with an underarm serve. • a game that has five events – singles (men’s / women’s), doubles (men’s, women’s and mixed). REFEREES’ MANUAL Singles badminton involves serving diagonally into a long, narrow service box. Rallying then continues on a u long court with the border on the first side line. The shuttle is served diagonally into the opponents The shaded part shows the area of play for singles. BADMINTON TECHNICAL OFFICIALS ‘service box’. A shuttle that lands outside this area means a point is won / lost. Doubles badminton involves serving diagonally into a shorter, wider service box than in singles badminton. After the serve, rallying takes place on the whole court area. The shuttle is served diagonally into a shorter, wider After the serve, doubles rallies are played service box in doubles. on the whole court area. For players with a disability, court sizes are adapted according to the sport class of the player under the Para badminton classification system. The complete set of rules – Laws of Badminton and Regulations governing the sport, can be downloaded from the BWF website – http://bwfcorporate.com/statutes/ 5 1.4 AIM OF THE GAME The aim of the game is to score points by: • OVERVIEW landing the shuttle in your opponent’s court. u • forcing your opponent to hit the shuttle out of the court area. • forcing your opponent to hit the shuttle into the net. • striking your opponent’s body with the shuttle. LEVEL 1 CHAPTER 1.5 ELITE LEVEL BADMINTON u At the highest levels of badminton, the sport requires extraordinary fitness, technical ability, perception and predictive skills, as well as extremely fast reaction times. Players at the top level require extraordinary physical ability including: • REFEREES’ MANUAL aerobic stamina u • agility • strength • explosive power • speed Photo credit: BWF / BADMINTONPHOTO At the top levels, badminton is a very technical sport, requiring high levels of motor coordination, sophisticated racquet movements and precision when under pressure.