SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (May 2017 – February 2018) Table of Contents 4.1.4. Akash Missile _____________________ 28 1. BIOTECHNOLOGY ___________________ 4 4.1.5. Trishul Missile_____________________ 28 1.1. Gene Therapy ______________________ 4 4.2. Other Missile Tests_________________28 1.2. Genome Sequencing of Ragi __________ 4 4.2.1. BRAHMOS Tested From Andaman Islands28 4.2.2. Nirbhay Subsonic Cruise Missile_______ 29 1.3. Three Parents Baby _________________ 5 4.2.3. Astra Missile ______________________ 29 1.4. Stem Cells Therapy _________________ 6 4.3. Air Defence Systems _______________29 1.5. Bio-Ink ____________________________ 6 4.3.1. Advanced MRSAM _________________ 29 4.3.2. Endo-Atmospheric Interceptor Missile _ 30 1.6. Biotechnology in North East Region ____ 7 4.3.3. Quick Reaction Surface-To-Air Missile (QRSAM) ______________________________ 30 1.7. Embryo Transfer Technology _________ 7 4.4. Surveillance Technologies ___________30 2. NANOTECHNOLOGY ________________ 9 4.4.1. NETRA___________________________ 30 2.1. Nanotechnology ____________________ 9 4.4.2. Rustom-2 Drone ___________________ 31 4.4.3. Muntra, India's First Unmanned Tank __ 32 3. SPACE TECHNOLOGY _______________ 10 4.5. Technological Developments in Navy__32 3.1. ISRO_____________________________ 10 4.5.1. Scorpene Class Submarine ___________ 32 3.1.1. Missions ________________________ 10 4.5.2. Arihant Class Submarine ____________ 32 3.1.2. Launchers _______________________ 13 4.5.3. Project 28 ________________________ 33 3.1.3. Satellite _________________________ 14 4.5.4. First Indigenously Built Floating Dock __ 33 3.1.4. Space Activities Bill, 2017 ___________ 15 4.5.5. Naval Offshore Patrol Vehicle (NOPV) __ 33 3.1.5. Village Resource Centres ___________ 16 4.6. Defence Related News ______________33 3.1.6. Saraswati: A Supercluster of Galaxies __ 16 4.6.1. Comprehensive Integrated Border 3.1.7. NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar Management System (CIBMS) _____________ 33 (NISAR) ______________________________ 17 4.6.2. ‘SAMADHAN’ Doctrine for Naxal Violence34 3.2. NASA ____________________________ 17 4.6.3. Aaddhar Security __________________ 34 4.6.4. NTRO Under Intelligence Act _________ 35 3.3. Other Space Related Developments___ 19 4.6.5. Merger of NCRB with BPRD __________ 35 3.3.1. Blue Moon_______________________ 19 4.6.6. Creation of Space, Cyber and Special 3.3.2. Meteor Shower ___________________ 20 Operations Commands __________________ 35 3.3.3. Solar Flare _______________________ 21 4.6.7. National Authority for Chemical Weapons 3.3.4. Half of The Universe's 'Missing Matter' is Convention (NACWC) ____________________ 36 Finally Found __________________________ 21 4.6.8. Thermobaric Bomb ________________ 37 3.3.5. Bosons __________________________ 22 4.6.9. Laser weapons system (LAWS) ________ 37 3.3.6. India Neutrino Observatory (INO)_____ 22 3.3.7. Most Ancient Spiral Galaxy Found ____ 23 5. IT AND COMPUTER ________________ 38 3.3.8. Spacex’s FaLcon Heavy Launched _____ 23 3.3.9. Venus Satellite ___________________ 24 5.1. Big Data __________________________38 3.3.10. Water as Propellant in CubeSat _____ 24 5.2. Maharashtra’s Public Cloud Policy ____38 3.3.11. The Removedebris Mission _________ 24 3.3.12. National Large Solar Telescope ______ 25 5.3. Block-Chain Technology_____________38 3.4. Important Terms Related to Space ____ 25 5.4. India Joins Quantum Computing Race _39 4. DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY_____________ 27 5.5. Supercomputers Pratyush and Mihir __40 4.1. Integrated Guided Missile Development 5.6. Panel for AI Roadmap ______________40 Plan (IGDMP) _________________________ 27 5.6.1. Project Brainwave _________________ 41 4.1.1. AGNI ___________________________ 27 5.6.2. Humanoid ________________________ 41 4.1.2. PRITHVI _________________________ 27 5.7. Telecom Sector ____________________41 4.1.3. NAG ____________________________ 27 5.7.1. Bharat Net Project _________________ 41 1 DELHI | JAIPUR | PUNE | HYDERABAD 8468022022 5.7.2. 5G _____________________________ 42 7. PHARMACEUTICALS________________ 61 5.7.3. Free Space Optical Communication ___ 43 5.7.4. RFID ____________________________ 44 7.1. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ____61 5.7.5. Tarang Sanchar Portal ______________ 44 7.2. Price Cap on Knee Implants __________61 5.7.6. TRAI Favours Net Neutrality _________ 45 7.3. Digital Therapeutics or Digiceuticals __62 5.8. Nation-Wide Hackathon #OpenGovDataHack Launched___________ 45 7.4. Use of Pet Bottles for Medicines _____62 5.9. Cyber Issues ______________________ 46 7.5. Biosimilar for Cancer _______________62 5.9.1. NIC-CERT ________________________ 46 7.6. National BioPharma Mission _________63 5.9.2. Budapest Convention ______________ 47 5.9.3. Digital Police Portal Under CCTNS ____ 48 8. IPR ______________________________ 64 5.9.4. Cyber-Security Index _______________ 48 8.1. International Intellectual Property Index 5.10. World Congress on Information 2018 ________________________________64 Technology (WCIT) ____________________ 49 8.2. Geographical Indication_____________65 6. HEALTH __________________________ 50 9. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY _____________ 67 6.1. Vector Borne Diseases ______________ 50 6.1.1. India and Zika Virus ________________ 50 9.1. Solar Technology __________________67 6.1.2. Monkey Fever ____________________ 50 9.2. India's Three-Stage Nuclear Power 6.1.3. Elephantiasis _____________________ 51 Programme __________________________67 6.1.4. Kala Azar ________________________ 51 6.1.5. Japanese Encephalitis (JE) ___________ 52 9.3. Cold Fusion _______________________68 6.2. Neglected Tropical Diseases _________ 52 9.4. Graphene Based Battery ____________68 6.2.1. National Deworming Mission ________ 52 9.5. Lithium-Ion Battery ________________69 6.3. Polio Vaccine _____________________ 53 9.6. Artificial Leaf _____________________69 6.4. Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV __ 53 9.7. Supercritical CO2-Brayton Cycle ______69 6.5. Norovirus at Winter Olympics _______ 54 10. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT_____ 71 6.6. Bird Flu __________________________ 54 10.1. India's Spending on R&D ___________71 6.7. H1N1 Virus (Swine Flu) _____________ 55 10.2. Prime Minister’s Research Fellowship 6.8. Tuberculosis ______________________ 55 Scheme ______________________________72 6.9. Home Grown Vaccine for Leprosy: 10.3. ATL Community Day ______________72 Mycobacterium Indicus Pranii ___________ 56 10.4. Schemes for Brain Gain ____________73 6.10. Intensified Diarrhoea Control Fortnight ____________________________________ 56 10.5. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhayay Vigyan Gram Sankul Pariyojana _____________________73 6.11. First India-Designed Vaccine Passed Who Test _________________________________ 56 11. AWARDS ________________________ 75 6.12. New Developments in Non- 11.1. Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Communicable Diseases ________________ 57 Disarmament and Development, 2014 ____75 6.12.1. India Hypertension Management Initiative 11.2. Nobel in Chemistry _______________75 (IHMI) _______________________________ 57 6.12.2. Jeevan Bindi ____________________ 57 11.3. Nobel Prize in Physics _____________75 6.12.3. Thalassemia ____________________ 57 11.4. Nobel Prize in Medicine ____________76 6.13. Antibiotic Resistance: WHO Revises 12. RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN S&T _____ 77 Antibiotics Protocol ___________________ 58 12.1. Xfel generates First X-Ray Laser Light_77 6.14. Plant diseases ____________________ 59 12.2. Sohum-Hearing Screening Device 6.15. Fortified Foods to Tackle Malnutrition60 Launched ____________________________77 6.16. Milk Adulteration_________________ 60 2 8468022022 DELHI | JAIPUR | PUNE | HYDERABAD 12.3. New Matter ‘Excitonium’ Discovered 77 13.8. Kalamsat ________________________81 12.4. World’s Thinnest Hologram ________ 78 13.9. CHESS __________________________82 12.5. Raman Effect ____________________ 78 13.10. HWASONG-15___________________82 12.6. Triboelectric Nanogenerator ________ 78 13.11. ATAGS _________________________82 13. MISCELLANEOUS _________________ 80 13.12. KUNLONG ______________________82 13.1. Jigyasa Initiative __________________ 80 13.13. Stratolaunch Plane _______________82 13.2. Proposals for High-Tech Public Transport 13.14. Smart Robo Cop _________________82 ____________________________________ 80 13.15. Google Lunar Xprize ______________82 13.3. Private Participation in Defence _____ 80 13.16. Chang’E 4 ______________________82 13.4. India’s First Private Missile Production 13.17. Gaia mission ____________________82 Facility Unveiled ______________________ 81 13.18. TAbby's Star ____________________82 13.5. Liquid Nitrogen in Food and Drinks __ 81 13.19. Kimberly Process Certification Scheme 13.6. Novel Molecule to Treat Cancer - Disarib ____________________________________83 ____________________________________ 81 13.7. Bacteria Named After A P J Abdul Kalam ____________________________________ 81 Copyright © by Vision IAS All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of Vision IAS. 3 DELHI | JAIPUR | PUNE | HYDERABAD 8468022022 1. BIOTECHNOLOGY 1.1. GENE THERAPY Human immune system? The Immune system is a complex network of cells and organs that work together to defend against foreign Why in news? substances (antigens-bacteria, virus etc.). Various cells Recently, U.S Food and Drug Administration associated are: (USFDA) approved a Yescarta (axicabtagene • B-cell – It is a