Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society VOLUME 43 PART 3 1981 Price eight pounds (£8.00) Yorkshire Geological Society FOUNDED 1837 COUNCIL Elected 13th December 1980 President PROF. J. W. NEALE Vice-Presidents DR G. A. L. JOHNSON MR D. J. M. ROWE General Secretary MR J. M. NUNWICK 45 Boroughbridge Road, Northallerton DL7 8BG General Treasurer MR J. G. O. SMART Institute of Geological Sciences, Ring Rd. Halton, Leeds LSI 5 8TQ Editors DR p. w. SCOTT (Secretary to the Publications Committee) Department of Geology, The University, Hull HU6 7RX DR J. R. SENIOR Department of Adult Education, University of Durham 32 Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3JB Librarian MR J. HARTLEY Dept of Earth Sciences, The University, Leeds LS2 9JT Other Members MR R. G. W. BRUNSTROM DR D. J. C. MUNDY PROF. J. R. CANN DR J. E. POLLARD PROF. J. B. DAWSON DR D. A. ROBSON MR W. B. EVANS MR E. SKIPSEY MRS D. FORTUNE MR P. STAINTHORPE MR T. F. JOHNSTON DR W. J. VARKER (Asst. Sec.) MRS L. c. JONES (Asst. Treas.) MISS M. F. WILKINSON PROCEEDINGS OF THE YORKSHIRE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY VOLUME 43 : 1980—1981 EDITED BY P. W. SCOTT, J. R. SENIOR AND P. F. RAWSON ISSN 0044-0604 Printed for the Yorkshire Geological Society by WILLIAM SESSIONS LTD., THE EBOR PRESS, YORK PATRONS Phillips Petroleum The Society also gratefully acknowledges financial assistance towards the cost of publication of this Volume of the Proceedings from the following: British Petroleum Esso Exploration and Production U.K. DATES OF ISSUE Parts 1 to 4 No. 1 pp. 1-16 7th July, 1980 No. 2 pp. 17-27 ... 7th July, 1980 No. 3 pp. 29-38 ... 31st July, 1980 No. 4 pp. 39-67 ... 31st July, 1980 No. 5 pp. 69-79 ... 31st July, 1980 No. 6 pp. 81-157 ... 1st December, 1980 No. 7 pp. 159-167 ... 1st December, 1980 No. 8 pp. 169-178 ... 1st December, 1980 No. 9 pp. 179-182 ... 1st December, 1980 No. 10 pp. 183-189 ... 1st December, 1980 No. 11 pp. 191-199 ... 1st December, 1980 No. 12 pp. 201-219 ... 1st December, 1980 No. 13 pp. 221-252 ... 1st July, 1981 No. 14 pp. 253-280 ... 1st July, 1981 No. 15 pp. 281-294 ... 1st July, 1981 No. 16 pp. 295-329 ... 1st July, 1981 No. 17 pp. 331-340 ... 1st July, 1981 No. 18 pp. 341-346 ... 1st July, 1981 No. 19 pp. 347-356 ... 1st July, 1981 No. 20 pp. 357-376 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 21 pp. 377-393 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 22 pp. 395-410 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 23 pp. 411-431 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 24 pp. 433-450 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 25 pp. 451-455 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 26 pp. 457-463 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 27 pp. 465-471 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 28 pp. 473-482 ... 1st December, 1981 No. 29 pp. 483-485 ... 1st December, 1981 Title pages i-v 1st December, 1981 ii CONTENTS ADAMS, A. E. and COSSEY, p. j. Calcrete development at the junction between the Martin Limestone and Red Hill Oolite (Lower Carboniferous), south Cumbria AL-BADRI, A. s. see Ineson and Al-Badri AL-BADRI, A. s. see Ineson and Al-Badri ALLEN, P. M., JACKSON, A. A. and RUSHTON, A. W. A. The stratigraphy of the Mawddach Group in the Cambrian succession of North Wales BOYLAN, P. J. A new revision of the Pleistocene mammalian fauna of Kirkdale Cave, Yorkshire BRAY, D. A., FREEMAN, S. M. C, READ, D., WALSH, P. T. and WILSON, p. Quaternary sediments at Westfield Farm, Fimber, North Humberside BUIST, D. s. see Mitchell et al. COOPER, A. H. see James et al. COSSEY, P. J. see Adams and Cossey CREANEY, s. Coal ranks on the Alston Block, north-east Eng• land: a reply CREANEY, s., JONES, J. M., HOLLIDAY, D. W. andROBSON, p. The occurrence of bitumen in the Great Limestone around Matfen, Northumberland - its characterisation and possible genesis ... FAIRBAIRN, R. A. The Great Limestone (Namurian) of south Northumberland... FREEMAN, s. M. c. see Bray et al. HEMINGWAY, j. E. and RIDDLER, G. p. Glacially transported Liassic rafts at Upgang, near Whitby ... HOLLIDAY, D. W. see Creaney et al. HOLLIDAY, D. w. see James et al. INESON, P. R. and AL-BADRI, A. S. Hydrogeochemically anomalous areas in the Askrigg Block of the northern Pennine orefield ... INESON, P. R. and AL-BADRI, A. s. A hydrogeochemical and stream sediment survey of the Askrigg Block in the northern Pennine orefield INESON, P. R. see Mitchell et al. JACKSON, A. A. see Allen et al. JAMES, A. N., COOPER, A. H. and HOLLIDAY, D. w. Solution of the gypsum cliff (Permian, Middle Marl) by the River Ure at Ripon Parks, North Yorkshire. JEANS, C. v. Early submarine lithification in the Red Chalk and Lower Chalk of eastern England: a bacterial control model and its implications Errata iii CONTENTS JOHNSON, G. A. L. Geographical evolution from Laurasia to Pangaea ... JOHNSON, G. A. L., NUDDS, j. R. and ROBINSON, D. Carbonifer• ous stratigraphy and mineralisation at Ninebanks, West Allendale, Northumberland JONES, c. M. Deltaic sedimentation in the Roaches Grit and associated sediments (Namurian R2b) in the south-west Pennines ... JONES, j. M. see Creaney et al. LEE, M. p. see Vincent and Lee MITCHELL, j. G., INESON, p. R. and BUIST, D. s. Isotopic age determination on a basalt intrusion and ultrabasic xenoliths, south Bute, Scotland METCALFE, i. Conodont faunas and age of the Raygill Quarry limestones (Embsay Limestone), Lothersdale, York• shire ... ... ... ... NUDDS, j. R. Discovery of the Carboniferous coral Dorlodotia in northern England ... NUDDS, J. R. see Johnson et al. RAMSBOTTOM, W. H. C. Eustacy, sea level and local tectonism, with examples from the British Carboniferous READ, D. see Bray et al. RIDDLER, G. P. The distribution of the Rot Halite Member in North Yorkshire, Cleveland and North Humberside RIDDLER, G. P. see Hemingway and Riddler ROBINSON, D. see Johnson et al. ROBSON, P. see Creaney et al. ROSE, j. Landform development around Kisdon, upper Swaledale, Yorkshire RUSHTON, A. w. A. see Allen et al. SCOTT, P. W. and SENIOR, J. R. Geothermal energy: report of a symposium ... SENIOR, J. R. see Scott and Senior SUGGATE, R. p. Coal ranks on the Alston Block, north-east England: a discussion ... VINCENT, p. j. and LEE, M. P. Some observations on the loess around Morecambe Bay, north-west England WALSH, p. T. see Bray et al. WILSON, p. see Bray et al. Annual Report for 1979 Annual Report for 1980 Field Meetings 1978 Field Meetings 1979 Field Meetings 1980 Index to Volume 43 ... iv LIST OF PLATES page 1. Sandstones and Pelecypodichnus from the Roaches Grit ... ... 47 2. Sandstone from the Roaches Grit 48 3. Delta features in the Roaches Grit ... ... ... ... ... 51 4. Photomicrographs of bitumen from Moot Law, Northumberland ... 73 5. Photomicrographs of bitumens from Kirkheaton and Capheaton, Northumberland 77 6. Structures in the Lower Chalk ... ... ... ... ... ... 93 7. Structures in the Red and Lower Chalk ... ... ... ... 119 8. Nodular Chalk 120 9. Structures in the Lower Chalk 125 10. Preservation of ammonites ... ... ... ... ... ... 133 11. Nautiloid preserved in a pinky chalky limestone pebble, Red Chalk, Hunstanton ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 137 12. Coccoliths from the chalk associated with the Liesegang zones of glauconite in theParadoxica Bed, Lower Chalk, Hunstanton ... 149 13. Conodonts from the Ray gill Quarry limestones 175 14. The Liassic raft at Upgang, near Whitby 185 15. Scanning electron micrographs of grains of loess 289 16. Typical fossils from the Mawddach Group in the Cambrian of North Wales 326 17. Typical fossils from the Mawddach Group in the Cambrian of North Wales 328 18. Dorlodotia briarti Salee from northern England ... ... ... ... 334 19. The Martin Limestone and Red Hill Oolite ... 415 20. Photomicrographs of the Martin Limestone and Red Hill Oolite ... 421 21. Photomicrographs of the Martin Limestone and Red Hill Oolite ... 423 22. The gypsum cliff at Ripon Parks, April 1980 438 23. Fallen gypsum blocks at Ripon Parks 441 24. Effects of solution of the gypsum cliff at Ripon Parks ... ... 443 Acknowledgement. Some of the Figures published in the Proceedings contain a grid. Unless otherwise specified, this is the National Grid taken from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationary Office. V .