DATE: 1960 DATE: 1968 - 1982 OBSERVER(S): DRAKE “OZMA” OBSERVER(S): TROITSKII SITE: NRAO SITE: GORKY INSTR. SIZE (M): 26 INSTR. SIZE (M): DIPOLE SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1420 - 1420.4 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 30 CM, 16 CM, 8 CM & 3 CM FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 100 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): OBJECTS: 2 STARS OBJECTS: ALL SKY SEARCH 2 -22 2 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 1 x 10 ** FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): TOTAL HOURS: 200 TOTAL HOURS: CONTINUING REFERENCE: 1 REFERENCE: 23 COMMENTS: Single channel receiver. COMMENTS: Search over all sky visible by single dipole. DATE: 1964-65 DATE: 1969 - 1983 OBSERVER(S): KARDASHEV & OBSERVER(S): TROITSKII, BONDAR, & SHOLOMITSKII STARODUBTSEV SITE: CRIMEA DEEP SPACE SITE: GORKII, CRIMEA, STATION MURMANSK AND INSTR. SIZE (M): 16 (8 ANTENNAS) PRIMORSKIJ REGIONS SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 923 INSTR. SIZE (M): DIPOLES FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 10 MHz SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1863, 927 & 600 OBJECTS: 2 QUASARS FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 2 -20 OBJECTS: ALL SKY SEARCH FOR FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 2 x 10 SPORADIC PULSES TOTAL HOURS: 80 2 -22 2 REFERENCE: 19, 42 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 10 W/m /Hz COMMENTS: Reported detection of CTA102 TOTAL HOURS: 1200 PER YEAR (ON as possible Type III civilization. AVERAGE) REFERENCE: 4 DATE: 1966 COMMENTS: Network of isotropic detectors: OBSERVER(S): KELLERMAN cross correlation from 2 or 4 SITE: CSIRO sites over 8000 km. INSTR. SIZE (M): 64 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): MANY BETWEEN 350 & 5000 DATE: 1970 - 1972 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): FULL BANDWIDTH FOR OBSERVER(S): SLYSH, PASHCHENKO, EACH FEED RUDNITSKII, & LEKHT OBJECTS: 1 GALAXY (1934-63) SITE: NANÇAY 2 -18 INSTR. SIZE (M): 40 x 240 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 10 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1667 & 1665 TOTAL HOURS: FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 4 kHz REFERENCE: 2 OBJECTS: 5 OH MASERS COMMENTS: No “notch” of ETI origin was 2 detected in galaxy 1934-63. FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): TOTAL HOURS: 2 REFERENCE: 35, 36, 37 DATE: 1968 & 1969 COMMENTS: Searched for deviation from OBSERVER(S): TROITSKII, Gaussian Emission STARODUBTSEV, statistics in 5 OH Maser GERSHTEJIN & RAKHLIN sources that might indicate SITE: ZIMENKIE, USSR transmissions from another INSTR. SIZE (M): 5 civilization. SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 926 - 928 & 1421 - 1423 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 13 OBJECTS: 11 STARS + M31 DATE: 1970 - 1972 OBSERVER(S): SLYSH 2 -21 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 2 x 10 ** SITE: NANÇAY TOTAL HOURS: 12 INSTR. SIZE (M): 40 x 240 REFERENCE: 3 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1667 & 1665 COMMENTS: 20 filters of width 100 KHz FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 4 kHz divided into 25 channels with F OBJECTS: 10 NEAREST STARS = 2 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 13 Hz spaced 4 KHz apart and TOTAL HOURS: stepped in frequency. REFERENCE: COMMENTS: Looked for signals at OH frequency between observations of OH Masers. DATE: 1971 & 1972 OBSERVER(S): VERSCHUUR “OZPA” SITE: OSURO SITE: NRAO INSTR. SIZE (M): 53 INSTR. SIZE (M): 91 & 43 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1420.4 REL.TO GAL.CEN. SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1419.8 - 1421 & 1410 - 1430 250 kHz FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 490 & 6900 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 10 & 1 kHz OBJECTS: 9 STARS OBJECTS: ALL SKY SEARCH 2 -24 -23 2 -21 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 5 x 10 & 2 x 10 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 1.5 x 10 ** TOTAL HOURS: 13 TOTAL HOURS: 100,000 REFERENCE: 5 REFERENCE: 7 COMMENTS: 384 channel correlator COMMENTS: Receiver is tuned to on-line. hydrogen rest frequency relative to Galactic Center DATE: 1972 - 1974 (as a function of direction). OBSERVER(S): KARDASHEV, GINDILIS, POPOV, SOGLASNOV, SPANGENBERG, DATE: 1972 - 1976 STEINBERG ET AL. OBSERVER(S): BRIDLE & FELDMAN SITE: CAUCASUS, PAMIR, “QUI APPELLE?” KAMCHATKA, MARS 7 SITE: ARO SPACECRAFT INSTR. SIZE (M): 46 INSTR. SIZE (M): 38, 60 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 22235.08 5 MHz SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 371, 408, 458 & 535 4 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 5 MHz FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 3 x 10 OBJECTS: OMNI-DIRECTIONAL OBJECTS: 70 STARS 2 -16 -15 2 -22 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 2 x 10 - 7 x 10 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 1 x 10 ** TOTAL HOURS: 150 TOTAL HOURS: 140 REFERENCE: 42 REFERENCE: COMMENTS: “Eavesdropping” search for COMMENTS: 70 solar-type stars within 45 pulses. Synchronous light dispersion reception. years have been observed to date. DATE: 1972 OBSERVER(S): KARDASHEV, POPOV, SOGLASNOV ET AL. DATE: 1974 SITE: CRIMEA, RT-22 OBSERVER(S): WISHNIA INSTR. SIZE (M): 22 SITE: “COPERNICUS SATELLITE” SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 8570 INSTR. SIZE (M): 1 9 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 3 x 10 OBJECTS: GALACTIC CENTER FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 2 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): OBJECTS: 3 STARS 2 TOTAL HOURS: FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): REFERENCE: 42 TOTAL HOURS: COMMENTS: Looked for statistical REFERENCE: 8 anomolies in continuum COMMENTS: Search for UV laser lines. emission from galactic center. DATE: 1973 - 1974 OBSERVER(S): SHVARTSMAN ET AL. DATE: 1972 - 1976 “MANIA” OBSERVER(S): PALMER & ZUCKERMAN SITE: SPECIAL “OZMA II” ASTROPHYSICAL SITE: NRAO OBSERVATORY INSTR. SIZE (M): 91 INSTR. SIZE (M): 0.6 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1413 - 1425 & 1420.1 – SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 5500 Å 1420.7 -6 4 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): = 10 Å FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 6.4 x 10 & 4,000 OBJECTS: 21 PECULIAR OBJECTS OBJECTS: 674 STARS 2 2 -23 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 10 ** TOTAL HOURS: TOTAL HOURS: 500 REFERENCE: 20 REFERENCE: 6 COMMENTS: Optical search for short COMMENTS: 384 channel correlator on- -7 line. pulses of length 3 x 10 to 300 seconds, & narrow DATE: 1973 - 1986 laser lines. Prototype for OBSERVER(S): DIXON, EHMAN, RAUB later system on 6m & KRAUS telescope. 2 -22 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 1.15 x 10 DATE: 1978 & On OBSERVER(S): SHVARTSMAN ET AL. “MANIA” TOTAL HOURS: 10 SITE: SPECIAL REFERENCE: ASTROPHYSICAL COMMENTS: Automated survey parasitic OBSERVATORY to radio astronomical INSTR. SIZE (M): 6 observations. SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 5500 Å -6 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): = 10 Å DATE: 1976 OBJECTS: 93 OBJECTS OBSERVER(S): CLARK, BLACK, CUZZI 2 -4 & TARTER FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): < 3 x 10 OF THE SITE: NRAO OPTICAL FLUX IS INSTR. SIZE (M): 43 VARIABLE IN ANY SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 8522 - 8523 OBJECT OBSERVED FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 5 TOTAL HOURS: 250 OBJECTS: 4 STARS REFERENCE: 43 2 -24 COMMENTS: Have searched 30 Radio FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 2 x 10 ** Objects with Continuous TOTAL HOURS: 7 Optical Spectra to date, REFERENCE: looking for optical pulses COMMENTS: VLBI high speed tape form potential Kardashev recorder combined with type II or III civilizations. software direct Fourier DATE: 1975 & 1976 transformation to produce OBSERVER(S): SAGAN & DRAKE extreme frequency SITE: NAIC resolution (non-real time). INSTR. SIZE (M): 305 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1420, 1667 & 2380 (B = 3 MHz) DATE: 1977 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 1,000 OBSERVER(S): TARTER, BLACK, CUZZI OBJECTS: FOUR GALAXIES & CLARK 2 -25 SITE: NRAO FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 3 x 10 ** INSTR. SIZE (M): 91 TOTAL HOURS: 100 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1665 - 1667* REFERENCE: 9 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 5 COMMENTS: Search for type II OBJECTS: 200 STARS civilizations in local group 2 -24 galaxies. FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 10 ** TOTAL HOURS: 100 DATE: 1975 - 1979 REFERENCE: 11 OBSERVER(S): ISRAEL & DE RUITER COMMENTS: VLBI high speed SITE: WRST recorder combined with INSTR. SIZE (M): 1500 MAX BASELINE software direct Fourier SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1415 transformation to produce 6 extreme frequency FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 4 x 10 resolution (non-real time). OBJECTS: 50 STAR FIELDS 2 -23 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 2 x 10 ** DATE: 1977 TOTAL HOURS: 400 OBSERVER(S): STULL & DRAKE REFERENCE: SITE: NAIC COMMENTS: Searches of “cleaned” INSTR. SIZE (M): 305 maps prepared for the SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1664 - 1668* WSRT background survey FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 0.5 Looked for positional OBJECTS: 6 STARS 2 -26 coincidence between FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 10 ** residual signals & AGK2 TOTAL HOURS: 10 stars. REFERENCE: 12 COMMENTS: High speed tape DATE: 1976 - 1985 combined with optical OBSERVER(S): BOWYER ET AL. (U.C. processor to produce BERKELEY) “SERENDIP” extreme frequency SITE: HCRO resolution (non-real time). INSTR. SIZE (M): 26 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 917 - 937, 1410 - 1430, 1602 - 1605, 1853 - 1873, 5 GHz FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 2 x 500 OBJECTS: ALL SKY SURVEY DATE: 1978 OBSERVER(S): KNOWLES & SULLIVAN SITE: NAIC DATE: 1977 & On INSTR. SIZE (M): 305 OBSERVER(S): WIELEBINSKI & SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 130 - 500 (SPOT)* SEIRADAKIS FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 1 SITE: MPIFR OBJECTS: 2 STARS INSTR. SIZE (M): 100 2 -24 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1420 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 2 x 10 FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 20,000,000 TOTAL HOURS: 5 OBJECTS: 3 STARS REFERENCE: 15 COMMENTS: Attempted “eavesdropping” 2 -23 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 4 x 10 using MKI VLBI tapes as in TOTAL HOURS: 2 Black, et al., 1977. REFERENCE: COMMENTS: Candidate stars DATE: 1978 inserted into ongoing OBSERVER(S): MAKOVETSKIJ, program which searches GINDILIS, ET AL. for pulsed signals with SITE: ZELENCHUKSKAYA, periods of 0.3 to 1.5 sec. RATAN-600 INSTR. SIZE (M): 7.4 x 450 (ONE SECTOR) DATE: 1978 SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): OBSERVER(S): HOROWITZ FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): SITE: NAIC OBJECTS: BARNARD'S STAR INSTR. SIZE (M): 305 2 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 1420 500 Hz TOTAL HOURS: 6 DAYS FREQUENCY RESOL. (Hz): 0.015 REFERENCE: 38 OBJECTS: 185 STARS COMMENTS: In accordance with “Magic 2 -28 FLUX LIMITS (W/m ): 8 x 10 ** Time” prediction by TOTAL HOURS: 80 Makovetskij for Barnard’s REFERENCE: 13, 25 Star and Nova Cygni 1975, COMMENTS: Assumes that signal signals were searched for frequency was corrected at in September, 1978. the source to arrive at rest in Heliocentric or DATE: 1979 barycentric laboratory OBSERVER(S): COLE & EKERS frame. SITE: CSIRO DATE: 1978 INSTR. SIZE (M): 64 OBSERVER(S): COHEN, MALKAN & SEARCH FREQ. (MHz): 5000 5 MHz & 1 MHz DICKEY 7 6 FREQUENCY RESOL.