DOCUMFNT RF SkV MF ED 02'1 775 SE 005 066 By- Chaffee, Everett TEACHER'S HANDB^^K FOR AnVANrrn PHYSICAL sCIFNCFP. Los Angeles City Schools, Calif. Report No- PUB-SC-638 Pub Date 67 Note-47p. EDRS Price MF $0.25 HC-S1.96 Descriptors- ASTRONOMY, ELECTRICITY, *PHYSICALSCIENCE& *SECONDARY SCHOOL SCIENCE,*TEACHING GUIDES Identifiers- California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles CitySchools This handbook is an adjunct to the "LaboratoryManual for Advanced Physical Science 2," and is intended to assist teachers in organizinglaboratory experiences. Information for each experiment includes (1)Introduction, (2) Scheduling, (3) Time (7) Sample data, required, (4) Materials needed,(5) Precautions, (b) Laboratory hints, and (8) Derived results. Also included is adetailed commentary on a setof as tronomy slides. (DH) --kv 4'1/4'.V111,1Y .1 :4.... s U.S. DEPARTMENT Of HEALTH, EDUCATION & WEIFARE OFFICE Of EDUCA'llON THIS DOCUMENT HAS Eif-Oi PEPRuf,..)1, ti CILY AS RE(EiVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING J J1N7., 3f VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRES:NT OFFIAL OFFICE Of EDUCATION POSITION OR POLKY. fa .4` A TEACHER'SHANDBOOK FOR ADVANCEDPHYSICALSCIENCE 2 LOS ANGELES' CITY SCHOOLS Division of Instructional Planningand Services Publication No. SC-638 1967 FOREWORD This handbook is intended to assist teachers in organizinglaboratory exercises for Advanced Physical Science 2.In addition, detailed descriptions of the contentS of a set of 35 mm. slides toenrich the unit on astronomy has been included.The handbook is designed to be used in conjunction withthe Labora- tory Manual for Advanced Physical Science 2and the Outline Course of St..dy. EVERETT CHAFFEE Associate Superintendent Division of Instructional Planning and Services ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Instructional Planning Branch expressesappreciation to the members of the Advanced Physical Science CurriculumCommittee, who acted in an advisory capacity during the development of thispublication.These members are as follows: Henry Cord Emilio L. Cruz Westchcster High School Jefferson High School James L. Gladson Gerald H. Glick Eagle Rock High School Bell High School Milton M. Howard Edmund A. Wai.aer Widney High School Taft High School Dr. Herbert L. Aigner Charles Migliazzo Principal Science Supervisor Palisades High School Division of Secondary Education Gerald Garner Dale Eymann Science Center Specialist Supervisor, Secondary Instructional Services Branch Audio-Visual Section Instructional Services Branch Thanks are conveyed to Gerald Garner for hiscontribution of materials for the contents. Specialappreciationisexpressed to WARPEN McMILLAN, who developed, assembled and organized the material while serving as ascience curriculum consultant. DAVID P. McLAREN Supervisor, Secondary Science MARY LOUISE JONES Director, Secondary Curriculum FRANK M. HODGSON Assistant Superintendent Instructional Planning Branch iv TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iv TEACHER INFORMATION FOR STUDENT EXPERIMENTS vii UNIT FIVE:STATIC ELEC7RICITY AND MAGNETISM 1 Experiment 32.Electrifying Objects and Inducing a Charge 1 33. Measuring Electric Repulsion Force 3 UNIT SIX:ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM AT WORK 5 Experiment 34. Constructing a Voltaic Cell 5 35. Using Electric Current to Count Atoms 6 36.Finding Electromotive Force (EMF) in a Simple Circuit 8 37. Passing Currents Through Parallel and Series Loads 9 38. 'Measuring Magnetic Fields Inside a Current Loop 10 39. Transferring Energy Through a Magnetic Field 11 UNIT SEVEN: WAVE MOTION 13 Experiment 40. Sending Energy Through a Metal Spring 13 41. Measuring Short-Tim. Intervals with a Slotted Wheel 14 42.Interpreting the Behavior of Waves 15 43. Determining the Speed of Sound 16 44. Returning Light From a Flat Mirror 17 45. Returning Light From a Concave Mirror 18 46. Bending Light By Sending it From Air Into Water 19 UNIT EIGHT:THE UNIVERSE 21 Experiment 47. Investigating Circumference 21 48. Range Finding 22 49. Relating Light Brightness to Star Distance 23 50. Probing the Mysteries of Satellite Orbits 25 ASTRONOMY SLIDES 27 TEACHER INFORMATIONFOR STUDENTEXPERIMENTS Advanced Physical Science is alaboratory course.Its objectives may be achicvcd most effectivelythrough the performance ofmeaningful laboratory experimentsby the appli- the student.Through such laboratorywork, skills are best developed in cation of scientific methods,in the use of accurateobservation, and in die col- lection and interpretation ofdata. Information sheets for use witheach laboratory experimentlisted in the Advanced Physical Science 2 LaboratoryManual have been designed toassist the teacher in implementing thelaboratory work.The information sheet for eachexperiment includes the following: Introduction A concise statement of themain purpose of the experiment Scheduling Information that will enable theteacher to coordinate the laboratoryexperiment with the Units and Parts ofthe Outline Course of Study Time Required Approximate time required forstudent to complete the experiment Materials A list of materials requiredfor each experiment Precautions Descriptions of difficult proceduresand safety precautions Laboratory Hints Helpful information, sampledata, and calculations of laboratoryproblems Sample Data Sample data for tabulatedlaboratory c'servations Deriy i Results Derivation of chemical constantsand use of typical formulas The information sheets shouldbe reviewed early in the semester sothat required materials for each experiment canbe obtained.Each information sheetshould be referred to again about five daysbefore the students perform theexperiment to assure that preparations arecomplete. Evidence indicates that time spentin preparation for meaningfullaboratory work by students is well worth the effort.More than 90 per cent of scientific progress, as revealed by the selection of NobelLaureates, is achieved by scientistsperforming experimental work in laboratories. vii UNIT FIVE: STATIC ELECTRICITYAND MAGNETISM EXPERIMENT 32 ELECTRIFYING OBJECTSAND INDUCING ACHARGE INTRnm electricity The student is now ready toexplore the mystery andfascination of the unseen world of students, electricity and magnetismwill be the most exciting,challenging, and magnetism. For many beginning in the investigation of and practical work of the year.Historically, electricity had its study prepares the charges and forces.It is appropriate for students tobegin in this way. The experiment in which afamiliarity with simpleelectrostatics has been student for the following understanding of insulators, assumed. From Experiment32, the student should acquire an conductors, charges, leakage,electroscopes, and inductionof charge. SCHEDULING Use this experiment as anintroduction to ,Unit Five,Part I.A TIME REQUIRED 45 minutes MATERIALS FOR EACHSTUDENT 2 beakers 1 cotton cloth Aluminum foil 2 cellulose acetatestrips (See Laboratory Hint No.3.) 1 wool cloth possible) 2 vinylite strips 1 ringstand (36", if 1 rod or dowel 24 1 clamp holder Masking or cellulose tape(scotch) 1 electroscope 2 metal rods 6" (may share with otherstudents) Thread PRECAUTIONS leakage occurs across eventhe best insulators. Dietand dust on the surface When the humidity is high, If thin conducting layer ofelectrolyte. Keep surfaces asclean as possible. absorb water and form a and water. the cellulose acetate orvinylite becomes dirty, itshould be washed in soap LABORATORY HINTS this experiment depends uponthe relative humidity.If it is 80 per cent 1.Note that the success of humidity can be measured by a or more,the experiment will be verydifficult. The relative student who is proficientin the use of a slingpsychrometer. in a large box heatedby an electric 2.To reduce leakage inhigh humidity, store the apparatus bulb, or in a heated room.Remove the apparatusjust before use. have common transparentplastics. P.S.S.C. Physics rooms 3.Vinylite and cellulose acetate are acetate sheet however, desk blotter protectors,celluloid, notebook page protectors, a supply; into 1 x 8 inch strips.Be sure you protectors orupholstery vinyl can besubstituted. Cut them positive charge and one typeto give anegative charge. Vinylitetakes have one type to give a becomes positive when on a negativecharge when rubbed withwool, and cellulose acetate rubbed with cotton. allows the students todistinguish )he two types. 4.Notch the plastic stripsin a manner that UNIT FIVE: EXPERIMENT 32 5.Since the charge cannot be easily removed from plastic strips by rubbing the surface with the hand, try pnssing the strips quicklyover a flame. Cellulose acetate is included on the Los Angeles City Schools supply listas stock number 216480 cover, for 3-ring binder sheets, 8%1 x 11,transparent cellulose acetate. The price is $ .047. The acetate is a little too thin, but it can be utilized. 6.Be sure that the two different strips are far apart and far enough from the metal of the ring stand to avoid interactions and induction effects from the ring stand. 7. Remember that students may need help in urderstanding the concept of induction.It is difficult to understand until they have studied it in the text. Most insulators will assume a charge when rubbed. The charge can be identified by comparison with the vinylite and acetate. 8.Note that the general conclusions resulting from this experiment are as follows: a.There are two types of electric charges. b. Two neutral objects rubbed together acquire opposite charges. c.Unlike charges attract, and like charges repel. d.It makes no difference which charge is called plus, or whether the chargesare called a and b. e.Unrubbed objects