z/VM Version 7 Release 2 OpenExtensions User's Guide IBM SC24-6299-01 Note: Before you use this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page 201. This edition applies to Version 7.2 of IBM z/VM (product number 5741-A09) and to all subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions. Last updated: 2020-09-08 © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1993, 2020. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Figures................................................................................................................. xi Tables................................................................................................................ xiii About this Document........................................................................................... xv Intended Audience..................................................................................................................................... xv Conventions Used in This Document......................................................................................................... xv Escape Character Notation................................................................................................................... xv Case-Sensitivity.....................................................................................................................................xv Typography............................................................................................................................................xv Syntax, Message, and Response Conventions..........................................................................................xvi Where to Find More Information.............................................................................................................xviii Links to Other Documents and Websites............................................................................................ xix How to Send Your Comments to IBM....................................................................xxi Summary of Changes for z/VM OpenExtensions User's Guide............................. xxiii SC24-6299-01, z/VM 7.2 (September 2020).........................................................................................xxiii SC24-6299-00, z/VM 7.1 (September 2018).........................................................................................xxiii Part 1. Setting Up OpenExtensions.........................................................................1 Chapter 1. Setting Up OpenExtensions....................................................................................................... 3 Understanding the POSIX Database Concepts......................................................................................3 POSIX User Database....................................................................................................................... 3 POSIX Group Database.....................................................................................................................4 POSIX Set and Query Functions....................................................................................................... 4 DIRPOSIX Utility............................................................................................................................... 5 Assigning POSIX User IDs to VM Users................................................................................................. 5 Defining POSIX User Groups.................................................................................................................. 5 Assigning VM Users to POSIX User Groups........................................................................................... 5 Selecting Additional Security Features..................................................................................................6 Creating BFS File Spaces........................................................................................................................6 Additional Considerations.................................................................................................................6 Part 2. The OpenExtensions Shell...........................................................................9 Chapter 2. An Introduction to the OpenExtensions Shell........................................................................ 11 The Shell Session................................................................................................................................. 11 The Shell Commands........................................................................................................................... 11 The Locale in the Shell......................................................................................................................... 12 Porting Yourself from a UNIX or AIX Environment..............................................................................12 Interoperability.................................................................................................................................... 13 Parallels Between the CMS and Shell Environments.....................................................................13 Scanning Files and Manipulating Strings....................................................................................... 14 Editing............................................................................................................................................. 14 Job Control......................................................................................................................................14 Background Jobs............................................................................................................................ 14 Programming...................................................................................................................................14 iii Data Management...........................................................................................................................15 Security.................................................................................................................................................15 Chapter 3. Using the OpenExtensions Shell............................................................................................. 17 Using CMS.............................................................................................................................................17 Understanding the 3270 Screen..........................................................................................................17 Limitations For Display of Data On the Terminal.................................................................................18 The Shell Run-time Requirements.......................................................................................................18 Exiting the Shell....................................................................................................................................19 Getting Rid of a Hung Application........................................................................................................19 Understanding Code Page Conversion................................................................................................ 19 Customizing the Square Brackets on Your Keyboard.................................................................... 20 When Do You Need to Convert between Code Pages?........................................................................20 Naming Files Using the POSIX Portable File Name Character Set................................................21 Default Escape character and LINEDEL......................................................................................... 21 Default CP Terminal Escape Character and the Shell....................................................................21 Default CP Terminal Line End Character and the Shell................................................................. 21 Chapter 4. Customizing the Shell.............................................................................................................. 23 Customizing Your .profile.....................................................................................................................23 Quoting Variable Values..................................................................................................................24 Changing Variable Values Dynamically.......................................................................................... 24 Understanding Environment Variables................................................................................................25 Customizing Your Shell Environment: The ENV Variable.................................................................... 27 Customizing the Search Path for Commands: The PATH Variable......................................................27 Adding Your Working Directory to the Search Path....................................................................... 28 Checking the Search Path Used for a Command........................................................................... 29 Changing the Locale: The LC_ Variables..............................................................................................29