2019 Integrated Pest Management Innovation Lab Annual Report (2018-2019) Center for International Research, Education, and Development Outreach and International Affairs | Virginia Tech 526 Prices Fork Road | Blacksburg, VA 24061 | ipmil.cired.vt.edu | [email protected] | 540-231-3516 Funded by the United States Agency for International Development under Cooperative Agreement No. AID- OAA-L-15-00001. 1 WHO WE ARE Management Entity R. Muniappan Director Amer Fayad Associate Director Zara Shortt Financial Coordinator Sara Hendery Communications Coordinator USAID John Bowman AOR, IPM IL Technical Advisory Committee Lawrence Datnoff - Chair Louisiana State University Dely Gapasin World Bank (Retired) Glen Hartman USDA-ARS Srinivasan Ramasamy AVRDC/World Vegetable Center Sunday Ekasi icipe 2 WHERE WE WORK PROGRAM PARTNERS U.S. Partners Cornell University, Louisiana State University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of California – Davis, Virginia State University, Virginia Tech, Washington State University, University of Virginia, North Carolina State University. U.S. Governmental Agencies USAID, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). International Agricultural Research Centers French National Institute for Agricultural Research, French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), World Vegetable Center (AVRDC), International Development Enterprises (iDE). 3 ACRONYMS BARI Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Bt Bacillus thuringiensis CARDI Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute CEDAC Cambodian Center for Study and Development in Agriculture CIMMYT International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center CIRAD Agricultural Research for Development FAW Fall Armyworm EPIC Ecologically Based Participatory IPM Package for Rice in Cambodia iDE International Development Enterprises icipe International Center for Insect Physiology and Ecology IITA International Institute for Tropical Agriculture INRA French National Institute for Agricultural Research IPM IL Integrated Pest Management Innovation Lab IRRI International Rice Research Institute KAVES Kenya Agricultural Value Chain Enterprises KALRO Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization NARC Nepal Agricultural Research Council NGO Non-governmental Organization PERSUAP Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan RUA Royal University of Agriculture, Cambodia SOFRI Southern Horticultural Research Institute, Vietnam SUA Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania TAC Technical Advisory Committee USAID United States Agency for International Development VT Virginia Tech 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Who we are ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Technical Advisory Committee ...................................................................................................... 2 Where we work ............................................................................................................................... 3 Program Partners ............................................................................................................................. 3 Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ 5 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ 6 Articles ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Program Activities and Highlights................................................................................................ 10 Key Accomplishments .................................................................................................................. 10 FY 2019 Performance ................................................................................................................... 11 Invasive Species Modeling for South American Tomato Leafminer and Groundnut Leafminer . 14 Vegetable Crops and Mango IPM in Asia .................................................................................... 16 IPM for Vegetable Crops in East Africa ....................................................................................... 20 Modeling for Biodiversity and Climate Change ........................................................................... 23 IPM for Exportable Fruit Crops in Vietnam ................................................................................. 29 IPM for Rice, Maize, and Chickpea in East Africa ...................................................................... 33 Biological Control of the Invasive Weed Parthenium hysterophorus in East Africa ................... 39 Ecologically-based Participatory IPM Packages for Rice in Cambodia (EPIC) .......................... 42 Human and Institutional Capacity Development .......................................................................... 45 Short-term Training ................................................................................................................... 45 Long-Term Training .................................................................................................................. 57 Innovation Transfer and Scaling Partnerships .......................................................................... 64 Environmental Management and Mitigation Plan (EMMP) ..................................................... 65 Open Data Management Plan .................................................................................................... 65 Governance and Management Entity Activity .......................................................................... 65 Other Topics .............................................................................................................................. 65 Issues ......................................................................................................................................... 66 Future Directions ....................................................................................................................... 66 Success Stories .............................................................................................................................. 67 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In FY 2019, the IPM Innovation Lab concentrated on developing technologies and management options for fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Africa and Asia. This pest was introduced to Nigeria by accident in early 2016, and by 2017, it had reached most of sub-Saharan Africa. In May 2018, it was detected in the Sivamogga hills in the southern part of India. Since then, it has spread to Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar, China, Thailand, Indonesia, Cambodia, Laos, South Korea, Japan, the Philippines, and Taiwan. The IPM IL addresses fall armyworm with emphasis on biological control, integrating it with other compatible technologies. Currently, steps are being taken to multiply and field release two naturalized parasitoids in Asia and Africa, Trichogramma spp. (Hym: Trichogrammatidae) and Telenomus remus Nixon (Hym.: Platygastridae), both known to be effective in suppressing the population of FAW in Central and South America. IPM IL has continued to transfer technologies developed within its eligible host countries to the rest of the globe by participating in and organizing symposia and workshops in national, regional, international conferences and meetings. In October 2018, IPM IL participated in the international workshop on FAW management in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. At the same time, surveys were conducted in maize fields in Ethiopia and the occurrence of the egg parasitoid, T. remus on eggs of FAW was confirmed. An awareness workshop on possible invasion of FAW into Nepal was conducted in Kathmandu, Nepal in November 2018. Based on the unconfirmed reports of the occurrence of FAW in Nepal in May 2019, IPM IL participated in an awareness and management workshop organized by the USAID mission in Nepal. To expedite implementation of augmentative biological control of FAW in the IPM IL host countries, a workshop on laboratory production and field release of the egg parasitoids, Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) and T. remus was conducted at icipe in Nairobi, Kenya for the national scientists and technicians from Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania in February 2019. Another workshop to train the scientists and technicians from Bangladesh, Cambodia, Nepal, and Vietnam on laboratory production and field release of egg parasitoids, Trichogrammatoidea armigera Nagaraja (Hym: Trichogrammatidae) and T. remus and larval parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hym: Braconidae) was conducted at ICRISAT station in Niamey, Niger. A manual on laboratory production of egg parasitoids was prepared and distributed widely