तततत बोधः Tattva bōdhaḥ Transcription of Pravacana s (talks) of ṁ Swami Paramarthananda Saraswati Transcribed by Raghu Ganapathy ii Pravacana ṁs (talks) Swami Paramarthananda iii Tattva Bōdhaḥ Contents Key to transliteration and pronunciation of Sanskrit letters ....................................................... vii Preface .................................................................................................................................................................. ix A Note on Hindu Religious Systems ....................................................................................................... xiii - Self knowledge and its benefits ....................................................... 1 SchemeWhy learn of theTattva Bōdha ................................ḥ ? ................................................................................................... 19 Invocation - PrayerŚāstrās ........................................................................................................................................ 25 Sādhana Catuṣṭaya Sampattiḥ- The Four-fold qualifications .............................................. 35 Introduction to the four-fold qualifications ......................................................................................... 36 Qualification 1 - Discrimination ..................................................................................... 48 Qualification 2: Vivēkaḥ - Dispassion ............................................................................................. 52 Qualification 3: Virāgaḥ - The six disciplines.............................................. 54 Discipline 1: : Śamādi- Mind Ṣaṭka Control sampattiḥ ................................ ................................................................ 55 Discipline 2: ŚamaDamaḥ - Sense Control .............................................................................................. 58 Discipline 3: Uparamaḥ - Withdrawal or quietude ................................................................. 60 Discipline 4: Titik – Enduranceḥ or forbearance ................................................................... 65 Discipline 5: ṣā – Faith or trust ........................................................................................... 70 Discipline 6: Śraddhā – Concentration or focusing power ........................................ 73 Qualification 4Samādhāna: Mumuk ṁ - Intense desire ........................................................................ 75 Vyaṣṭi vicāraḥ - Analysis ṣutvaṁof individual - Microcosm ................................................................ 83 - Inquiry into Truth.................................................................................................... 84 Tattvavivēka and ḥ - Real and unreal ........................................................................................... 85 Ātmā anātmā- The Gross body - its elements and functions ................................................. 95 Sthūlaśarīraṁ and saptada a kal bhi - The subtle body and its instruments ........ 104 Sūkṣmaśarīraṁ ś ā ḥ iv Pravacana Pañca jñṁsn (talks)ndriy Swamii – Five Paramarthananda organs of knowledge .......................................................... 112 Pañca ā ē āṇ i –Five organs of action ................................................................... 117 Pañca karmēndriyāa - Fiveṇ physiological systems ....................................................................... 122 Anta karaprāṇ aḥ - Four inner equipments ........................................................................... 124 ḥ -ṇ Causalṁ body ............................................................................................................. 128 Kāraṇaśarīraṁ - The three states of existence ........................................................................... 140 Avasthātrayaṁ – The waking state ........................................................................................ 140 Jāgradavasthā – The dream state ........................................................................................... 144 SuSvapnāvasthā – The deep sleep state .............................................................................. 148 Pañca kṣuptyavasthā- The five sheaths or covers ..................................................................................... 152 Annamayaōśāḥ - The food sheath ................................................................................................ 154 amayaḥ - The vital air sheath ........................................................................................ 157 Prāṇ ḥ - The mental sheath .......................................................................................... 158 ManōmayaVijñ ḥ - The intellectual sheath ............................................................................. 159 ānamayaayaḥ- The bliss sheath ............................................................................................ 161 Ānandam– Atma ................................ḥ .............................................................................................................. 165 ĀtmāCit – Consciousness ..................................................................................................................... 170 Sat - Existence ............................................................................................................................... 177 - Limitless happiness or bliss .............................................................................. 178 SamaṣṭiĀnanda or Sṛṣṭiḥḥ Vicāraḥ – Analysis of the Cosmos- Macrocosm .................................. 181 Caturvi -The process of evolution of 24 elements and elementals .................................................................................................................................................. 182 ṁśati tattvōtpatti prakāraṁ - Brahman, Maya and the three cosmic qualities or aspects .................................................................................................................................................... 183 a.Brahman māyā triguṇāḥ b. Pañca bh - Evolution of five fundamental elements ................................. 190 ūtaḥ- sṛṣṭiḥ Evoluti on of the Sattvik aspect .................................................................. 196 c. Sāttvik gu guṇaḥ - Evolution of Rajasik aspect ........................................................................ 202 d. Rājasik ṇaḥ - Evolution of Tamasik aspect ................................................................... 204 f.e. PaTāmasikñc k guṇaḥñcatattva - Evolution of five Grossified elements ................................ 205 ī ṛta pa ṁ v Tattva Bōdhaḥ Fig. 1 Caturvi .................................... 209 Fig. 2 Caturviṁśati Tattvōtpatti Prakāraṁ (with Sanskrit terms) ...................................... 210 Fig. 3 Pañc ṁśati Tattvōtpatti- EvolutionPrakāraṁ of (with the fiveEnglish Grossified terms) elements ................... 211 Aikya vicāraḥīk-ṛta Oneness pañcatattvaṁ of microcosm and macrocosm ...................................................... 213 vara – The individual and the total ................................................................................... 215 Fig.4Jīvaḥ Īś -Ishwara Aikya .................................................................................................................. 222 Jīva - The Greatṁ equation ................................................................................................ 229 AikyaMahā Jñ Vākyaāna phalaṁ ṁ- Benefits of the knowledge of oneness ........................................... 245 J vanmukt - Liberated individual................................................................................................. 246 Lawī of Karmaāḥ ............................................................................................................................................ 262 Law of Karma for Jñ ....................................................................................................................... 272 Important aspects of ānisLaw of Karma……………………………………………………………………………… 277 - scriptural proofs ............................................................................................................. 291 Pramāṇāḥ vii Key to transliteration and pronunciation of Sanskrit letters Sanskrit is a highly phonetic language and therefore accuracy in the pronunciation of the letters is very important. A change in the pronunciation could change the meaning of the word itself. For those letters. who are not familiar with the Dēvanāgarī script, the International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration is a guide to the correct pronunciation of the Sanskrit अ a f n च ca c य lo l fa mat ra r आ u छ hunk 2 र ya ya i it ja j la l इ ā ther ज cha ch *2 ल ed feet va v ई झ ump 2 त uck tra a s उ ī त jha hedgehogट *2 श irtue pool ant- a ऊ u full ठ three 2 ṭ ष śa ure r a sa sir ऋ ū ड ṭha hill *3 स ṣ shun marine ॠ ṛ hythm ढ ḍ duck *3 ह revelr n k a wor eet ऌ ṝ ण ḍha godhead *3 � ha hum e pla ta (close to) ink *4 jña * ए ḷ y त ṇa thu der *3 � ṣ ksh ai aisle (close to) pa etic *4 ऐ y थ th ळ (close to) worl o o (close to) at*4 ' ओ द tha th ऽ d * cow (close to) brea e *4 (a) औ g ध da th अunpronounced a ** na n अं au न dha th ऽऽ '' a *** pa p ( अः ṁ प umb *4 unpronouncedआ ka Seek 1 sap क ḥ फ urse 5 ā) blo ba b ख ब pha phire *5 et 1 a ग kha ckhead*1 भ ut 5 lo - ma m घ ga g म bha bhor 5 a sin ङ gha g hut * 1 other 5 ṅ g 1 – * No English