THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF KENYA REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER KENYA ELECTRICITY CORPORATION (EEPCo) TRANSMISSION COMPANY LIMITED Public Disclosure Authorized ETHIOPIA -KENYA POWER SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION PROJECT REVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN STUDIES RESETTLEMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK DRAFT REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PART 1: ETHIOPIA JANUARY 2012 Public Disclosure Authorized • Tropics Consulting Engineers Plc Gamma Systems Ltd P.O.Box 351 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia P O Box 1033 – 00606 TEL 251-11-618 54 66 Fax 251-11-618 38 61 NAIROBI, Kenya e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +254 20 44 51 528 i Fax: +254 20 44 51 529 web-site www.tropicsconsultingengineers.com Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo) Ethio-Kenya Power Systems Interconnection Project Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) - Final Draft Contents ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS....................................................................................................................... V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 KEY TERMS ............................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 PRINCIPLES AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................ 6 1.4 RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) ............................................................................................................. 7 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT, PROJECT AREA AND AREA OF INFLUENCE .............................................. 9 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ....................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 TRANSMISSION LINE TOWER GEOMETRY ...................................................................................................... 10 2.3 ANCILLARY FACILITIES AND SERVICES ............................................................................................................ 12 2.4 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................... 12 2.5 PROJECT LOCATION .................................................................................................................................. 12 2.6 DEMOGRAPHY & POPULATION PROFILE ........................................................................................................ 13 3. POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................................................. 15 3.1 IMPACT ON AGRICULTURAL LAND ................................................................................................................ 15 3.2 IMPACT ON HOUSING ................................................................................................................................ 16 3.3 IMPACT ON INCOMES AND LIVELIHOOD ......................................................................................................... 17 3.4 IMPACT ON FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS .................................................................................................. 17 3.5 IMPACTS ON BUSINESS ENTERPRISES ............................................................................................................ 17 3.6 SPREAD OF STD AND HIV/AIDS ................................................................................................................. 17 3.7 IMPACT ON PUBLIC UTILITIES AND COMMUNITY ASSETS .................................................................................. 18 3.8 IMPACT ON HEALTH .................................................................................................................................. 18 3.9 ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS ................................................................................................................ 19 4. ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY ....................................................................................................... 20 4.1 ORGANIZATIONS AT FEDERAL GOVERNMENT LEVEL ......................................................................................... 20 4.2 REGIONAL GOVERNMENT LEVEL .................................................................................................................. 22 4.3 REPRESENTATIVES OF PAP S AND NGO S ....................................................................................................... 23 4.4 COORDINATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT AGENCIES AND JURISDICTION .................................................................... 23 5. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION ............................................................................................................... 24 5.1 SUMMARY OF PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS WITH PAP S &C OMMUNITIES ................................................................. 26 5.2 SUMMARY OF MEETINGS HELD WITH WOREDA AUTHORITIES ............................................................................ 27 6. SOCIO ECONOMIC STUDIES ................................................................................................................... 32 6.1 SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................................... 32 6.2 LAND TENURE SYSTEM .............................................................................................................................. 32 6.3 SOCIOECONOMIC SURVEYS ......................................................................................................................... 34 6.4 LIVELIHOOD CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................................................... 36 6.5 INCOMES ................................................................................................................................................ 37 6.6 VULNERABLE GROUPS ............................................................................................................................... 37 6.7 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS .......................................................................................... 38 6.8 HOUSING ................................................................................................................................................ 39 6.9 TIMBER TREES ......................................................................................................................................... 41 ii Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo) Ethio-Kenya Power Systems Interconnection Project Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) - Final Draft 6.10 LOSS OF LAND IN URBAN AREAS .................................................................................................................. 41 6.11 LAND ACQUISITION ................................................................................................................................... 41 6.12 LOSS OF PERENNIAL , CASH AND ROOT CROPS ................................................................................................ 42 7. LEGAL FRAMEWORK INCLUDING MECHANISM FOR CONFLICTS RESOLUTION & APPEALS ..................... 44 7.1 CONSTITUTION OF FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ..................................................................... 44 7.1.1 FDRE Legislation on Expropriation of Land Holdings .......................................................................... 44 7.1.2 FDRE Council of Ministers Regulation No. 135/2007 .......................................................................... 45 7.1.3 Rural Land Administration and Land use proclamation ...................................................................... 46 7.2 AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK POLICY & GUIDELINES ON INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT ....................................... 47 7.3 WORLD BANK POLICY & REGULATIONS ON INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT .......................................................... 47 7.4 GAPS BETWEEN ETHIOPIAN LEGISLATION , AFDB AND WB POLICIES ................................................................... 48 7.5 GENDER ISSUES & AFDB GENDER POLICY ..................................................................................................... 48 8. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................... 51 8.1 ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION ................................................................................................. 51 8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT UNIT OF EEPCO ........................................................................... 51 8.3 ETHIO -KENYA JOINT PROJECT COORDINATION UNIT (JPCU) ............................................................................ 51 8.4 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION UNIT (PIU) ......................................................................................................