Yeldari Dam •Wilson Dam •Vaitarna Dam •Ujani Dam •Tansa Dam •Radhanagari Dam •Pawna Dam •Panshet Dam •Nandur Madhmeshwar Dam •Mulshi Dam •Mula Dam •Manair Dam •Koyna Dam •Kolkewadi Dam •Khadakwasla Dam •Jaikwadi Dam •Girna Dam •Gangapur Dam •Bhatsa Dam •Bhandardara Dam Dams in Maharashtra are constructed on several rivers flowing across the state which include the Mula River, Bhima River and Godavari and a number of other rivers. These dams are erected on different rivers flowing through Maharashtra in order to cater to the drinking water requirements of the people living in closely located towns where the availability of pure drinking water is very scarce. Some of the dams of Maharashtra are located amidst a suitable natural setting, thus attracting tourists from different places. There are hydroelectric power plants located at some of the Dams in state where hydro electricity is generated. One of the notable dams in Maharashtra is the Mula Dam. This dam is located at a village by the name of Baragaon Nandur. The reservoir of the Mula Dam is known as Dnayneshwar Sagar. This dam of Maharashtra was constructed with the objective of supplying drinking water to the closely located towns like Ahmednagar and Rahuri. Mula Dam is one of the chief sources of water in Ahmednagar District. This dam was erected in the year 1974 and it is the biggest dam in Ahmednagar. Mula Dam site is one of the renowned places of attractions in the state because of its scenic surroundings. Suitable amenities for the visiting tourists to this site like rest houses and restaurants are abundantly available. Another major dam in Maharashtra is the Koyna Dam. This is one of the prime dams and is situated in Koyna Nagar. Jaikwadi Dam or the Nath Sagar is situated very close to Paithan, which lies at a distance of about 50 kilometres from Aurangabad district. This dam is built on Godavari River and is at a distance of around 110 kilometres from Ahmednagar. The Jaikwadi Dam spreads over an area of about 1300 sq kms. This dam provides water to Aurangabad and produces abundant hydroelectric power. Another popular dam in this state is the Ujani Dam, which is built on the Bhima River. Ujani dam is situated in the Indapur Taluka of Pune. It possesses a vast catchments area. The backwaters of this dam cover a large area and the dam is considered as one of the appropriate tourist destinations of Maharashtra. Another well known dam is Mulshi Dam. It is located in Pune District. This dam is built over the Mula River. Water from this dam in Maharashtra is used for the purpose of irrigation. The Tata Power Company LTD operates the Mulshi Dam for producing electricity at the closely located Bhira hydroelectric power plant. The power generated by the power station of Mulshi Dam is mainly supplied to the capital city Mumbai. The Kolkewadi Dam is situated in the Konkan region of Maharashtra. The Kolkewadi Dam is a vital part of the Koyna Dam hydroelectric project. The space behind the Kolkewadi dam is one of the most sparsely populated regions of Maharashtra. Another prominent dam of Maharashtra is the Radhanagari Dam. It is constructed over the River Bhogawati. The Radhanagari Dam is nearly a century old dam, principally used for irrigation purpose and for the generation of electricity. Panshet Dam is another chief dam in Maharashtra which was erected around 40 years back for irrigation purpose. This dam is one of the major sources of water in Thane District. This dam of Maharashtra is a multipurpose project, which helps in the irrigation of agricultural lands and generation of hydro electricity. The height of this dam is around 89 metres and its length is nearly 959 metres. Another dam in Maharashtra is the Vaitarna Dam in Thane. This dam is segregated into three parts. As per the flow of the Vaitarna River, the three parts of this dam are Upper Vaitarna Dam, Lower Vaitarna Dam and Middle Vaitarna Dam. The Upper Vaitarna Dam is a scenic dam site, situated at a distance of about 20 kilometres from Khodala in Thane district. The Vaitarna Dam is regarded as the major source of water in the city of Mumbai. Another known dam in this state is the Pawna Dam which was constructed across the River Pawna and is situated in close proximity to Lonavala. The vicinity of the dam is famous as one of the most renowned tourist destination and the ferry services across the dam caters to the transportation of tourists. Among several dams in Maharashtra, Bhandardara Dam is one of the prominent dams of the state. This dam is constructed over Arthur Lake in Ahmednagar District. Bhandardara Dam was erected in 1926 and is noted for its tourism value. This dam is also reputed as one of the oldest dams in Asia, erected at an elevation of 750 metres from mean sea level. The major attraction is the Umbrella Falls, which offers the visitors with a breathtaking sight. Another waterfall by the name of Randha falls is situated at a distance of about 11 kilometres from this dam. Nandur Madhmeshwar Dam is a continuing project by the state government of Maharashtra Government. The primary purpose for the construction of the Nandur Madhmeshwar Dam is to provide water for irrigation. Yeldari Dam, constructed on the Purna River is a small hydel power station and afterwards. The dam was renovated and developed as a gigantic reservoir and also suitable tourist attraction of Maharashtra. Another dam by the name of the Manair Dam is built on the River Manair. The Girna Dam in the state of Maharashtra is located in Nasik District, which is drained by two chief rivers, the Girna and the Godavari. The main purpose for the construction of the Girna Dam is to collect the water of the river for irrigation purpose, especially in the rainy season. One of the notable dams in Maharashtra is the Wilson Dam, which was constructed in the year 1910 across the Pravara River. It is located 150 metres above sea level Thus, the dams in Maharashtra act as the main source of water for different cities, towns and villages in the state. These dams also hold some of the hydroelectric power plants where electricity is genera Periscopes are optical instruments that can afford submariners a limited though vital visual picture outside their windowless hull. Traditionally, periscopes offered the submerged submarine its only glimpse of the outside world. Movies have also made them the submarine's most familiar feature. Periscopes are still useful, despite the sonar and electronic sensors of modern submarines. They can also be fitted with video cameras or other means of collecting permanent data. But operating at periscope depth, just beneath the surface, submarines are relatively easy to detect. To prevent detection, periscopes are used as infrequently and briefly as possible. iseases of Animals, disorders affecting animals, mainly farm and pet animals, but also laboratory animals, zoo animals, and wildlife. These diseases are of concern to humans because of their importance economically and as regards public health. Animal diseases may be classified, according to the causative agent, as bacterial diseases, fungal diseases, viral diseases, parasitic diseases, hereditary diseases, and diseases caused by environmental factors. Frequently, diseases may be brought on by a multitude of causes. A relatively mild viral infection, for example, if favoured by hereditary susceptibility, may then weaken the body's resistance to bacterial invasion. Bacterial Diseases Bacteria cause disease in several ways. Some produce powerful poisons or toxins; for example, the botulinus bacillus, the tetanus bacillus, and the gas gangrene bacillus. Other bacteria cause local or general death of body tissues, block the flow of blood, or cause severe irritation. Salmonelloses, or any disease caused by Salmonella bacteria, are widespread. Pullorum disease, caused by S. pullorum, threatened the chicken and turkey industry until brought under control by elimination of infected birds through blood testing. Almost 2,000 other kinds of Salmonella are known, each of which may cause disease in humans and animals. The bacterium S. typhimurium is responsible for about half the so-called food-poisoning cases in humans, and for many losses of poultry and other animals. Leptospirosis, due to spiral bacteria of the genus Leptospira, causes losses in cattle, dogs, and humans. Ponds, lakes, and other bodies of water are common sources of leptospirosis, and rodents may carry the infection. Tuberculosis may be caused by bacteria of the genus Mycobacterium. Monkeys and other primates in zoos must be protected by glass walls from exposure to the bacteria from tubercular humans. Humans must likewise be protected from tubercular cattle by periodic testing of milk cows and by examination of meat animals at slaughter. Anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis, affects humans and domestic animals. Resistant spores that are carried in the hair or hides of animals or in floodwaters explain the sudden appearance of this bacterial disease. Pasteurellosis, or any infection caused by bacterium of the genus Pasteurella, such as fowl cholera caused by P. multocida, is troublesome, affecting wildlife, domestic poultry, rabbits, and other animals. Tiny, soft-walled bacteria of the genus Mycoplasma cause a variety of diseases in animals and humans, including pleuropneumonia of cattle, infectious sinusitis of turkeys, and chronic respiratory disease of chickens. Diseases that were traditionally thought to be viral in nature, such as psittacosis, or parrot fever, are now believed to be caused by bacteria of the genus Chlamydia. Some serious diseases that occur in both humans and animals are in this group. Fungal Diseases Fungi cause many serious diseases of animals. Aspergillus fungi may cause necrosis of the lungs, the nervous system, and other organs.