Summer 2010 Volume XXIV, No. 2 AFRP 10-1 Senior Leader Perspective Leading and Managing through Influence Z 6 Challenges and Responses Dr. Raymond A. Shulstad, Brigadier General, USAF, Retired with Lt Col Richard D. Mael, USAF, Retired From the Editor The Art of Persuasion Z 18 Capt Lori Katowich, USAF, Editor Features The Role of Airpower in Active Missile Defense Z 57 Col Mike Corbett, USAF, Retired Paul Zarchan The authors examine what airpower, as opposed to surface and space forces, brings to defense against the changing and growing threat of theater ballistic missiles. They consider whether combat air forces should have a primary role in this mission and whether the Air Force can afford a new mission area without jeopardizing its traditional core capabilities. New Horizons Z 72 Coalition Space Operations Lt Col Thomas G. Single, USAF The author analyzes inefficiencies in the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force in Afghani- stan, arguing for the inclusion of robust coalition space operations. Noting that coalition operations require the leveraging of all available resources, including critical enablers such as space capabilities, he promotes coalition space support teams as the most effective means of mitigating current challenges. Departments 20 Z Ricochets and Replies 23 Z Views & Analyses Should the United States Maintain the Nuclear Triad? ............ 23 Dr. Adam B. Lowther Updating a Cold War Relic: Ensuring That the New Air Force Doctrine Document 3 Reflects Current Air Force Roles and Missions .................................... 30 Lt Col David K. Moeller, USAF Beddown Options for Air National Guard C-27J Aircraft: Supporting Domestic Response ........................... 35 Col John Conway, USAF, Retired Finishing Strong in Iraq: Why the Air Force Must Be the Last to Leave Operation Iraqi Freedom ...................... 45 Lt Col William Jay Martin, USAF Colombia Can Teach Afghanistan (and the United States) How to Win ........................................ 52 Robert Haddick 85 Z Review Essay Building an Offensive and Decisive PLAAF: A Critical Review of Lt Gen Liu Yazhou’s The Centenary of the Air Force ............ 85 Guocheng Jiang 95 Z Book Reviews Wired for War: The Robotics Revolution and Conflict in the 21st Century ..................................... 95 P. W. Singer Reviewer: Wing Cdr John M. Shackell, RAF, Retired The International Politics of Space ......................... 96 Michael Sheehan Reviewer: Lt Col Kevin M. Rhoades, USAF Killing Pablo: The Hunt for the World’s Greatest Outlaw ........... 97 Mark Bowden Reviewer: Lt Col Paul D. Berg, USAF The War: An Intimate History, 1941–1945 ................... 98 Geoffrey C. Ward and Ken Burns Reviewer: Lt Col Daniel J. Simonsen, USAF The Worlds of Herman Kahn: The Intuitive Science of Thermonuclear War ................................... 99 Sharon Ghamari-Tabrizi Reviewer: Col Joe McCue, USAF, Retired The Development of Propulsion Technology for U.S. Space-Launch Vehicles, 1926–1991 .................... 100 J. D. Hunley Reviewer: Capt Brent D. Ziarnick, USAFR Governing the American Lake: The US Defense and Administration of the Pacific, 1945–1947 .................... 101 Hal M. Friedman Reviewer: Dr. John H. Barnhill In the Shadow of the Moon: A Challenging Journey to Tranquility, 1965–1969 ................................ 102 Francis French and Colin Burgess Reviewer: Dr. Rick W. Sturdevant The Road to Safwan: The 1st Squadron, 4th Cavalry in the 1991 Persian Gulf War .............................. 103 Stephen A. Bourque and John W. Burdan III Reviewer: Maj Paul Niesen, USAF, Retired Breaking the Mold: Tanks in the Cities ....................... 104 Kendall D. Gott Reviewer: Capt Michael D. Kennedy, USAF Unknown Soldiers: Reliving World War II in Europe .............. 105 Joseph E. Garland Reviewer: Dr. Donald A. MacCuish NATO’s Gamble: Combining Diplomacy and Airpower in the Kosovo Crisis, 1998–1999 .............................. 106 Dag Henriksen Reviewer: Maj Lisa Nemeth, USAF Reflections of an Air Warrior ............................. 107 Group Capt Arjun Subramaniam Reviewer: Dr. David R. Mets Hans-Joachim Marseille: An Illustrated Tribute to the Luftwaffe’s “Star of Africa” ............................... 107 Robert Tate Reviewer: Dr. Richard R. Muller The Star Wars Enigma: Behind the Scenes of the Cold War Race for Missile Defense ............................ 108 Nigel Hey Reviewer: Maj Eric J. Kolb, USAF Preparing the Army for Stability Operations: Doctrinal and Interagency Issues ................................. 109 Thomas S. Szayna, Derek Eaton, and Amy Richardson Reviewer: CSM James Clifford, USA, Retired Educing Information: Interrogation: Science and Art: Foundations for the Future .............................. 110 Intelligence Science Board Reviewer: Lt Col Christopher D. Harness, USAF 111 Z Mission Debrief Editorial Advisory Board Gen John A. Shaud, PhD, USAF, Retired, Air Force Research Institute Lt Gen Bradley C. Hosmer, USAF, Retired Dr. J. Douglas Beason (Senior Executive Service and Colonel, USAF, Retired), Air Force Space Command Dr. Alexander S. Cochran, Office of the Chief of Staff, US Army Prof. Thomas B. Grassey, US Naval Academy Lt Col Dave Mets, PhD, USAF, Retired, School of Advanced Air and Space Studies (professor emeritus) Board of Reviewers Lt Col Eric Braganca, USAF Dr. Tom Keaney Naval Air Station, Patuxent River, Maryland Johns Hopkins University Dr. Kendall K. Brown Col Merrick E. Krause, USAF, Retired NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Department of Homeland Security Col Steven D. Carey, USAF, Retired Col Chris J. Krisinger, USAF, Retired Daphne, Alabama Burke, Virginia Dr. Clayton K. S. Chun Dr. Benjamin S. Lambeth US Army War College RAND Dr. Mark Clodfelter Mr. Douglas E. Lee National War College Air Force Space Command Dr. Conrad Crane Dr. Richard I. Lester Director, US Army Military History Institute Eaker Center for Professional Development Col Michael D. Davis, USAF Mr. Brent Marley Defense Attaché Redstone Arsenal, Alabama Col Dennis M. Drew, USAF, Retired Mr. Rémy M. Mauduit USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies Air Force Research Institute (professor emeritus) Col Phillip S. Meilinger, USAF, Retired Maj Gen Charles J. Dunlap Jr., USAF West Chicago, Illinois The Pentagon Dr. Daniel Mortensen Dr. Stephen Fought Air Force Research Institute USAF Air War College (professor emeritus) Dr. Richard R. Muller Col Richard L. Fullerton, USAF USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies USAF Academy Dr. Bruce T. Murphy Lt Col Derrill T. Goldizen, PhD, USAF, Retired Air University Westport Point, Massachusetts Col Robert Owen, USAF, Retired Col Mike Guillot, USAF, Retired Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Editor, Strategic Studies Quarterly Lt Col Brian S. Pinkston, USAF, MC, SFS Air Force Research Institute The Pentagon Dr. John F. Guilmartin Jr. Col Bob Potter, USAF, Retired Ohio State University Air Force Research Institute Dr. Amit Gupta Dr. Steve Rothstein USAF Air War College Colorado Springs Science Center Project Dr. Grant T. Hammond Lt Col Reagan E. Schaupp, USAF Dean, NATO Defence College Naval War College Dr. Dale L. Hayden Dr. Barry Schneider Air Force Research Institute Director, USAF Counterproliferation Center Dr. Thomas Hughes Professor, USAF Air War College USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies Col Richard Szafranski, USAF, Retired Lt Col Jeffrey Hukill, USAF, Retired Toffler Associates Air Force Research Institute Lt Col Edward B. Tomme, PhD, USAF, Retired Lt Col J. P. Hunerwadel, USAF, Retired CyberSpace Operations Consulting LeMay Center for Doctrine Development and Education Dr. Christopher H. Toner Col Mark P. Jelonek, USAF University of St. Thomas The Pentagon Lt Col David A. Umphress, PhD, USAFR, Retired Col John Jogerst, USAF, Retired Auburn University Navarre, Florida Dr. Harold R. Winton Mr. Charles Tustin Kamps USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies USAF Air Command and Staff College Summer 2010 | 5 Leading and Managing through Influence Challenges and Responses Dr. Raymond A. Shulstad, Brigadier General, USAF, Retired* with Lt Col Richard D. Mael, USAF, Retired The key to successful leadership today is influence, not authority. —Ken Blanchard any experts, including Ken port the project. Similarly, in a joint envi- Blanchard, argue legitimately that ronment, the services have to rely on each managing and leading are all about other, but their component commanders all Minfluencing people to accomplish tasks and report to a joint force commander in charge objectives. Managing and leading through of the campaign. influence in the context used in this article When the project requires the support present some unique challenges due to the not only of inside functional organizations absence of direct, hierarchical authority but also of outside organizations with com- (i.e., not all of the people who need to be pletely different reporting chains, the chal- influenced work directly for the manager or lenges become especially daunting. That is leader). This type of challenge occurs natu- the environment I address in this article by rally in a matrix organization, in which examining a case study of the B-1B bomber project managers are supported by func- tional-specialty experts (e.g., engineers, lo- nuclear-certification program that I led in gisticians, financiers, etc.) who may or may the early 1980s. Managing and leading in not be collocated with the project team. this complex environment require the same The challenge of managing and leading basic skills as successfully