1 This translation of book one of the six books of Francisco Suarez Defense of the Catholic and Apostolic Faith against the Errors of Anglicanism [Defensio Fidei Catholicae et Apostolicae contra Errores Anglicanae Sectae] is complete. Latin text from the 1872 reprint, Naples, with some supplementation and correction from the original 1613 text, reprinted in Defensa de la Fe Catolica y Apostolica contra los Errores del Anglicanismo, Instituto de Estudios Politicos, Madrid 1971, with a Spanish translation by Jose Ramon Eguillor Muniozguren, SJ. The Naples reprint is accessible from Google Books: http://books.google.com/books?id=FTNOAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_s ummary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false and http://books.google.com/books?id=4DFOAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=defensio+fidei +catholicae&hl=en&ei=y-mYTf- uNcnE0QHAoMGIDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBzge# v=onepage&q&f=false The 1613 text is accessible at: http://books.google.com/books?id=IpAXXwWVyLYC&printsec=frontcover&dq=related:STAN FORD36105012535667&lr=#v=onepage&q&f=false The volume of the Vives edition of the Opera omnia containing the text, vol.24, is accessible at: http://books.google.com/books?id=BCsNAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&lr=#v=onepage&q &f=false Sydney Penner of Merton College, Oxford, maintains a website with online resources for Suarez and his writings: http://www.sydneypenner.ca/suarez.html Peter L P Simpson. Revised, December 2012. 2 DEDICATION PREFACE Summary: 1. Mind of the author. 2. Collection of the assertions by the most serene James. 3. The order in which these assertions are to be attacked. 4. The method to be followed. BOOK ONE HOW MUCH ANGLICANISM IS AT VARIANCE WITH CATHOLIC DOCTRINE Preface Summary: Aim of the author and twofold manner of showing the error of Anglicanism Chapter 1: On the progress of the Catholic Faith and the state of the English people from its first conversion up to the present time. Summary: 1. The Catholic Faith began in England at the birth of the Gospel. Baronius, for year 35, n.5, from a manuscript history of England, which is contained in the Vatican, 4.colum., at the beginning. 2. The history of that people, Baronius for the year 183, from the book of the Martyrology of the Roman Pontiffs and others. 3. The Catholic Faith advanced in the time of Pope Eleutherius. At the time of Gregory it was restored. 4. It endured up to the time of Henry. 5. Surius in his history of our time. Cochleus in his history of Luther. Maurice Canneus in his history of the Martyrdom of the Carthusians. Fall of Henry VIII. 6. Under Edward the Zwinglian sect was introduced. 7. Under Mary the Faith was restored. 8. Elizabeth imports the Calvinist sect into the kingdom. 9. The state of England under James. Chapter 2: The Anglican sect has departed from the true faith. Summary: 1. An unavoidable dilemma is posed. First part of the dilemma. 2. Someone who denies any part of the faith subverts the whole faith. 3. Confirmation of the second part of the dilemma. A certain Calvinist in his bk.2 on the Marriage of Henry, London 1573. A very stupid statement by the heretic. 4. The testimony of Henry VIII shows that before him England retained the Catholic Faith. 5. Second proof of the same point. 6. King James seems to think the faith preached in England by Augustine was not Catholic. When Augustine began to preach in England. 7. The faith preached by Eleutherius was true. 8. The same conclusion is drawn about the faith preached by Augustine. First from authority. 9. Second from comparison of both preachings. 10. Third from the sanctity and miracles of Augustine and his colleagues. 11. Finally from reason. Chapter 3: That the Church of Christ cannot lose the true faith is shown, and confirmation of the reason given. Summary: 1. Presentation of the error of heretics who assert that the faith can fail in the whole Church. 2. This error was familiar to the old heretics. Lucifer in the work of Jerome. The Donatists on the evidence of Augustine. 3. From the testimonies of Sacred Scripture it is proved that the faith will never be lacking in the Church. A first supposition is that the Church is one. 4. The perpetual endurance of the unity of the Church is established. 5. Testimony first from Matthew 16 and the expositions of the Fathers. In Sacred Scripture the presence of God imports the idea of help. 6. Distinction between the comings of Christ and of the Holy Spirit. 7. The 3 conclusion to the truth proposed is drawn. The Church would cease to exist were the faith lost. 8. Two objections by heretics. The response of St. Augustine. 9. That the faith did not fail in the whole Synagogue is demonstrated; satisfaction is made to the first objection. 10. That at the time of Antichrist the faith will endure in the Church is demonstrated; satisfaction is made to the second objection. Chapter 4: That it is not possible for the Catholic Church to err even through ignorance in matters of faith. Summary: 1. An evasion to the above argument. 2. The Church cannot even err through ignorance. 3. The same truth is proved by reason; an evasion is excluded. 4. Response by heretics. The response is rejected, and the above conclusion is confirmed by the authority of the Fathers. Chapter 5: That the Roman Church has the same firmness of faith as the Catholic Church is demonstrated, and an evasion of the sectaries is met. Summary: 1. Distinction made by sectaries between the Roman and the Catholic Church. 2. This sort of distinction was invented by the more ancient heretics. 3. Foundations of the error. 4. Distinction of the Roman Church into universal and particular. 5. The place in Luke 22 is shown to be to our account. 6. First confirmation. 7. Second confirmation. Chapter 6: The firmness of the Faith and of the Roman Church is shown by tradition. Summary: 1. Testimonies from the ancient fathers are examined that assert the Faith of the Roman and of the Catholic Church coincide. The first testimony. 2. The second from Augustine and Jerome. 3. The third from Ambrose. 4. The fourth from Cyprian. 5. The fifth from Irenaeus. 6. The sixth from Athansius and the bishops of Egypt. 7. The seventh from the bishops of the province of Tarragona. 8. Evasion. Response. 9. Instance. It is refuted. 10. An authority and a conjecture are added. 11. Heretics object that some pontiffs fell into heresy. 12. No Pontiff as head of the Church can lose the faith. 13. Nor can a Pontiff err in things pertaining to the Universal Church. Chapter 7: Exclusion of a third evasion by the heretics, which they invent through a distinction between the visible and the invisible Church. Summary: 1. Presentation of a third evasion by heretics about the invisible Church. 2. Foundation of the aforesaid error. 3. Visibility of the Church shown from Isaiah 2. 4. Twofold exposition. 5. A response on behalf of the opinion of the heretics is refuted. 6. The visibility of the Church will endure perpetually. 7. Confirmation from the office of teaching. 8. Confirmation from the visible succession of Pontiffs. 9. The Church always perseveres by reason of visible succession. 10. Confirmation lastly from Ephesians ch.4. Chapter 8: The objections of the adversaries are met, and the sense in which the Church is visible is explained. Summary: 1. Final evasion on behalf of the opinion of the heretics, that the Church is an object of belief for the intellect but is not known to the senses. 2. How the true Church is to be believed. 3. Proof of the first part. 4. Confirmation of the second part. 5. How the Church is visible to sense. 6. Response of the heretics. 7. That the Church is visible to sense through signs is shown. 8. Signs of the Catholic Church. 9. Another sign received from the Fathers: the antiquity and 4 firmness of the Church. 10. This sign squares with none of the conventicles of the heretics. 11. First evasion of the heretics; refutation. 12. Second evasion; response. 13. Solution of the arguments. 14. Explanation from the Fathers. 15. Explanation of the author. Chapter 9: The king of England, since he does not admit the complete Scripture nor the unwritten word of God, is shown not to be defender of the truly Christian Faith. Summary: 1. Faith signifies both the matter and the act of belief. 2. The king of England does not accept the integral Christian Faith. 3. Foundation of the faith of the king of England. 4. The sacred books of both the first and the second order are canonical. Scripture alone is not the integral and proximate foundation of faith. The unwritten word of God is to be received with the same faith as the written. 5. The traditions are confirmed by reason. 6. The evasion of heretics is refuted. 7. From the words of the king himself the same truth is established. 8. An authority to which the Holy Spirit gives his special assistance is necessary in the Church. 9. The Church pays attention to the unwritten word of God with the same certainty as to the written. 10. By the authority of the Fathers are the traditions made firm. 11. The truth is confirmed lastly with examples. 12. Certain of the Fathers, who seem not much to favor the traditions, are explained. Chapter 10: From the foundation and reason for belief of the king of England he is shown not to be defender of the faith truly Christian.