Designed by : Publications Unit, MIROS MER 10/2009 MIROS Evaluation Report Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 Muhammad Marizwan Abdul Manan, P Eng Alvin Poi Wai Hoong Fuad Abas, P Eng Ilhamah Othman Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli Ramizam Noor Zaman Maslina Musa Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research Lot 125-135, Jalan TKS 1, Taman Kajang Sentral Noradrenalina Isah 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Tel +603 8924 9200 Fax + 603 8733 2005 Website www.miros.gov.my Email [email protected] MER 10/2009 Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 Muhammad Marizwan Abdul Manan, P Eng Alvin Poi Wai Hoong Fuad Abas, P Eng Ilhamah Othman Zarir Hafiz Zulkipli Ramizam Noor Zaman Maslina Musa Noradrenalina Isah MIROS © 2010 All Rights Reserved Published by: Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research Lot 125-135, Jalan TKS 1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Performance evaluation of the temporary express bus terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium during Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 / Muhammad Marizwan Abdul Manan ... [et al.]. Bibliography: p. ISBN 978-983-44643-9-4 1. Terminal Stadium Bukit Jalil (Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur)-- Research. 2. Bus terminal--Research--Malaysia. I. Muhammad Marizwan Abdul Manan. 388.330720595 For citation purposes Muhammad Marizwan AM, Alvin Poi WH, Fuad A, Ilhamah O, Zarir HZ, Ramizam NZ, Maslina M & Noradrenalina I (2010), Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008, MER 10/2009, Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research. Printed by: Publications Unit, MIROS Typeface : Book Antiqua Size : 11pt / 13.2 pt DISCLAIMER None of the materials provided in this report may be used, reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including recording or the use of any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from MIROS. Any conclusion and opinions in this report may be subject to reevaluation in the event of any forthcoming additional information or investigations. Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 Contents List of Maps iv List of Figures iv List of Plates v List of Chart vi List of Tables vi Acknowledgments vii Abstract ix 1. Introduction 1 2. The Objectives 3 3. Literature Review 4 4. The Methodology 11 5. The Operational Set-up of the Terminal 13 6. Safety Assessment: The Existing Site Condition 22 7. Safety Assessment: The Terminal Vicinity 26 8. Safety Assessment: The Terminal Compound 35 9. Safety Assessment: Terminal Operation 32 10. Discussion 39 11. Recommendation 46 12. Conclusion 50 13. References 53 iii Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 List of Maps Maps Page 1. Location of the temporary express bus terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium 2 2. Pedestrian generated location 24 List of Figures Figures Page 1. The temporary bus terminal layout 13 2. Temporary express bus terminal operation flow chart 19 3. Pedestrian movement within the vicinity of the temporary terminal 26 4. Terminal bus circulation 31 iv Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 List of Plates Plates Page 1. Security personnel at the main entrance to the terminal 14 2. Main wating area 14 3. Ticket counters 15 4. Wating tent at bus boarding bay 15 5. Shuttle bus drop-off/pick-up point 16 6. Bus platforms 16 7. Food stalls 17 8. Existing toilet (left) and temporary toilet (right) at the terminal 17 9. Prayer rooms (Surau) for Muslims 17 10. Information banner of the temporary terminal 18 11. JPJ and Police inspection tents 20 12. Announcements being made in the Management Office 20 13. Flat topographical feature of the temporary terminal 21 14. Lighiting condition in the terminal 21 15. 7% gradient from LRT station towards the entrance 22 16. Terminal exits in a curve (left) and excessive landscape (right) 23 17. Buses exiting – encroached into other lane and disrupted the traffic 23 18. Covered and raised pedestrian walkway 25 19. Walkway with LOS A 25 20. Overhead pedestrian bridge 26 21. Median as refuge for pedestrian crossing 27 22. The pedestrian bridge under repair 27 23. Traffic condition at Jalan Merah Cagar 27 24. Public moving into main waiting area (left) and bus bay waiting area (right) 28 25. Passenger crossing dangerously at the shuttle bus drop off point 29 26. Pedestrians and buses shared the same space 29 27. Buses dropping passengers in front of platforms (left) and at entrance (right) 30 28. Passengers alighted from the express bus in front of the platforms 2, 3 and 4 30 29. Median opening was closed 32 30. The presence of security at the temporary terminal 34 31. Passengers are at risk when crossing in the temporary terminal 34 32. Passengers should be reminded to use the waiting tents provided 35 v Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 List of Chart Chart Page 1. Passengers perceptions towards safety aspects of terminal operations 36 List of Tables Tables Page 1. Evaluation of temporary express bus terminal set-up 38 2. Recommendation for future temporary express bus terminal set-up 46 vi Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 Acknowledgements The authors would like to express their gratitude to the various government and non-governmental bodies involved in the operation of the terminal that have been cooperating well with the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) during the study duration. The completion of this report would not have been possible without the inputs provided by the agencies. It is hereby acknowledged that the following agencies have contributed towards producing this report: 1. Ministry of Entrepreneur and Co-operative Development (MeCD) 2. Commercial Vehicle Licensing Board (LPKP) 3. Royal Malaysian Police (PDRM) 4. Kuala Lumpur City Council (DBKL) 5. UDA Holdings (UDA) 6. National Sports Complex 7. Road Transport Department (JPJ) 8. Public Works Department (JKR) 9. Bus companies Special thanks to Encik Zamri Mapol and Encik Ismail for their invaluable help in supplying useful information regarding the operation of the terminal without which this report would not be published successfully. Their cooperation with the team from MIROS have smoothened the data collection process. The authors would also like to acknowledge the effort of two research assistants, Mohd Faizal bin Mat Saleh and Noraida as well as two draughtswomen, Noor Aen binti Mohd Jalaludin and Saidatul Amanina binti Ariffin who have contributed their time in data collection. And last but not least, a heartfelt appreciation is extended to everyone who had greatly contributed their knowledge in shaping this report. vii Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 Abstract In the spirit of continuing the success of Ops Bersepadu towards shifting the use of private vehicle to public transport during the festive season, various government and non-government agencies had taken a step further in providing more facilities to encourage the public to use public transportation. During the 2008 Hari Raya Aidilfitri period, several government and non- government agencies collaborated in setting up a temporary express bus terminal at the Bukit Jalil National Stadium in order to facilitate the increased demand for balik kampung services to the South (Negeri Sembilan, Melaka and Johor). An evaluation on the performance of the temporary express bus terminal with regards to passenger safety and the environment was carried out by the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS). The main objectives of this evaluation were to study the practicability of the temporary bus terminal in relation to road safety aspects and to recommend to the organiser the appropriate safety measures for future implementations. Several aspects with regard to the operation of the temporary express bus terminal were assessed for its safety implications to the terminal users as well as to the public. Assessments were carried out through site observations and questionnaire surveys. The findings were compared to a standard practice of a bus terminal set-up which consisted of 10 main requirements with a total of 48 safety practice elements. The temporary express bus terminal overall safety assessment met 46% of the safety practice elements. The requirements which have the most safety compliance (60% above) are the: (1) bus terminal location; (2) pedestrian facilities (the terminal vicinity); (3) bus berth design; (4) waiting area; and (5) the terminal security set-up. The two set-up requirements which are the passenger platform design and terminal user facilities failed most of its safety standards and should be targeted as future improvement strategies. ix Performance Evaluation of the Temporary Express Bus Terminal at Bukit Jalil Stadium During Hari Raya Aidilfitri 2008 1. Introduction Malaysia’s highways and major roads become extremely congested during festive seasons, namely Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Chinese New Year (CNY), Christmas and Deepavali. It is common practice for Malaysian city dwellers to take advantage of long holidays during the festive seasons to return to their respective hometowns. This tradition inevitably generates a high volume of traffic on all highways and major roads nationwide. The consequent result of high volume traffic is an increased number of accidents with the number of deaths per day exceeding the annual daily average during this festive period. In 1996, when no intervention strategies were implemented, a total of 321 deaths, constituting 20 deaths per day during the 15 days of the festive season, were recorded (Radin 1998).