AVANT Vol. V, No. 2/2014 www.avant.edu.pl/en 1 Enactivism: Arguments & Applications 2 AVANT Vol. V, No. 2/2014 www.avant.edu.pl/en TRENDS IN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES AVANT 2/2014 Enactivism: Arguments & Applications EDITORS Tomasz Komendziński, Przemysław Nowakowski, Witold Wachowski TORUŃ–WARSAW 3 Enactivism: Arguments & Applications ISSN: 2082-6710 AVANT. The Journal of the Philosophical-Interdisciplinary Vanguard Trends in Interdisciplinary Studies Enactivism: Arguments & Applications. Vol. V, No. 2/2014 The texts are licensed under: CC BY-NC-ND 3.0. This online version of the journal is a referential version. The cover design by Karolina Pluta. The picture on the cover: "Garden Rose" by Robert Lemay. The graphics inside by Antoni Domański. Address of the Editorial Office: skr. poczt. nr 34, U.P. Toruń 2. Filia, ul. Mazowiecka 63/65, 87-100 Toruń, Poland www.avant.edu.pl/en [email protected] Publisher: Centre for Philosophical Research ul. Stawki 3/20, 00-193, Warsaw, Poland www.obf.edu.pl Academic cooperation: university workers and PhD students of University of Warsaw and Nicolaus Copernicus University. The Journal has been registered in District Court in Warsaw, under number: PR 17724. AVANT is listed in: SCOPUS (Elsevier), The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Index Copernicus Journals Master List, Central and Eastern European Online Library (CEEOL), The Central European Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanities (CEJSH), EBSCO Publishing, PhilPapers, BazHum: Virtual Library of Science, Arianta, and others. 4 AVANT Vol. V, No. 2/2014 www.avant.edu.pl/en ADVISORY BOARD Chairman: Włodzisław Duch (Nicolaus Copernicus University; Nanyang Technological University); Krzysztof Abriszewski (Nicolaus Copernicus Uni- versity); Ewa Bińczyk (Nicolaus Copernicus University); Maciej Błaszak (Adam Mickiewicz University); Tadeusz Ciecierski (University of Warsaw); Fred Cummins (University College Dublin); Tom Froese (University of Tokyo); Marek Kasperski (ThinkLab); Joel Krueger (University of Copen- hagen); Dariusz Łukasiewicz (Kazimierz Wielki University); Jacek Malinow- ski (Polish Academy of Sciences; Nicolaus Copernicus University); Sofia Mi- guens (University of Porto); Marcin Miłkowski (Polish Academy of Sciences); Jean-Luc Petit (Université de Strasbourg; Collège de France); Robert Poczo- but (University of Bialystok); Piotr Przybysz (Adam Mickiewicz University); Eleanor Rosch (University of California); Bartłomiej Świątczak (University of Science and Technology of China). PEER REVIEW BOARD Glenn Carruthers (Macquarie University); Igor Dolgov (New Mexico State University); Tatiana Chernigovskaya (St. Petersburg State University); Kath- leen Coessens (Vrije Universiteit Brussel); Maciej Dombrowski (University of Wrocław); Judith Enriquez (University of North Texas); Katalin Farkas (Cen- tral European University); Rafał Gruszczyński (Nicolaus Copernicus Universi- ty); Tomasz Jarmużek (Nicolaus Copernicus University); Andrzej Kapusta (Maria Curie-Skłodowska University); Piotr Konderak (Maria Curie- Skłodowska University); Marek McGann (University of Limerick); Kajetan Młynarski (Jagiellonian University); Georg Northoff (University of Ottawa); Andrzej W. Nowak (Adam Mickiewicz University); Peter S. Petralia (Man- chester Metropolitan University); Witold Płotka (University of Gdańsk); John Sutton (Macquarie University). Additionally, AVANT engages occasional peer reviewers. 5 Enactivism: Arguments & Applications EDITORIAL BOARD Thematic Editors: Łukasz Afeltowicz (Nicolaus Copernicus University; Sociol- ogy); Aleksandra Derra (Nicolaus Copernicus University; Philosophy of Lan- guage & Philosophy of Science); Paweł Gładziejewski (Nicolaus Copernicus University; Social Cognitive Science); Witold Hensel (University of Bialystok; Theory of Knowledge); Tomasz Komendziński (Nicolaus Copernicus Universi- ty; Interdisciplinary Studies, Enactivism & Neurophenomenology); Victor Loughlin (University of Antwerp; Philosophy of Mind & Cognitive Science); Georg Theiner (Villanova University; Philosophy of Mind & Cognitive Science) Language Editors: Ewa Bodal (Nicolaus Copernicus University); Paulina Matysiak (Nicolaus Copernicus University); Victoria Stone (University of Bristol); Nelly Strehlau (Nicolaus Copernicus University); Monika Włudzik (Nicolaus Copernicus University). Statistical Editor: Tomasz Górny Editor of the Review Section: Przemysław Nowakowski Editor for the Media: Błażej Brzostek Technical Editor: Antoni Wójcik Art Editor: Karolina Pluta Editorial Secretary: Jan Iwańczyk Executive Editor: Witold Wachowski COOPERATORS Antoni Domański (Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw) Christopher Moore (Christopher Moore English School) 6 AVANT Vol. V, No. 2/2014 www.avant.edu.pl/en Table of contents Preface 8 Introduction Tomasz Komendziński & Przemysław Nowakowski: Cognition as shaking hands with the world 11 Articles Kenneth Aizawa: The Enactivist Revolution 19 Pierre Steiner: Enacting anti-representationalism. The scope and the limits of enactive critiques of representationalism 43 Krystyna Bielecka: Spread Mind and Causal Theories of Content 87 Fred Cummins: Agency is Distinct from Autonomy 98 Qing Li & Ian Winchester: Enactivism and Freedom Education 113 David A Reid: The coherence of enactivism and mathematics education re- search: A case study 137 Ralph Ellis: Enactivism and the New Teleology: Reconciling the Warring Camps 173 Robert Briscoe: Spatial Content and Motoric Significance 199 Jean-Luc Petit: Naturalizing Husserlian Phenomenology along a Leibnizian Pathway 218 Shaun Gallagher & Matthew Bower: Making enactivism even more embodied 232 Interviews Patterns of research. Interview with Shaun Gallagher 251 The functionalist's body. Interview with Robert D Rupert 258 Book Reviews Patricia Grosse: Feeling Extended 271 Christopher Drain: The Hand and Cognition… and Intersubjectivity, Agency, Culture, and More 279 Artist of the Issue Still life like a sort of motion. Interview with Robert Lemay 295 Contributors to this Issue 303 7 Enactivism: Arguments & Applications AVANT, Vol. V, No. 2/2014 ISSN: 2082-6710 avant.edu.pl/en Preface Dear Readers, we are pleased to present this year’s second issue of Avant, entitled "Enacti- vism: Arguments & Applications". The main section is devoted to the dispute over what the essence of enacti- vism is, and what role it should play in research on cognition, as well as the applied side of enactivism. We present papers by Kenneth Aizawa, Pierre Steiner, Krystyna Bielecka, Fred Cummins, Qing Li, Ian Winchester, David A Reid, Ralph Ellis, Robert Briscoe, Jean-Luc Petit, Shaun Gallagher and Ma- tthew Bower. The issue also includes three interviews: with Shaun Gallagher, Robert D Rupert, and Robert Lemay, as well as book reviews by Patricia Grosse and Christopher Drain. Editorial Board Torun–Warsaw, Autumn 2014 8 AVANT Vol. V, No. 2/2014 www.avant.edu.pl/en 9 Enactivism: Arguments & Applications 10 AVANT Vol. V, No. 2/2014 www.avant.edu.pl/en AVANT, Vol. V, No. 2/2014 ISSN: 2082-6710 avant.edu.pl/en DOI: 10.26913/50202014.0109.0001 Cognition as shaking hands with the world. Introduction * Przemysław Nowakowski & Tomasz Komendziński1 Nicolaus Copernicus University *pnowakowski[]avant.edu.pl Received and accepted September 2014; published Autumn 2014. Your fingers would remember their old strength better... if they grasped your sword. Gandalf (from the movie The Two Towers, second part of Lord of the Rings movie) One of the most common questions in today’s cognitive studies is the one re- garding embodied cognition. The answer to this question draws our attention to many factors, including bodily actions, which also work to embody cogni- tion. With this in mind, enactivism is included in discussions of embodiment. In the current issue we present texts in which a focus on enactivism itself is the leading topic. If one were to describe declaratively the latest trend in cognitive studies, one would frequently refer to it as “embodied cognitive science”—sometimes with the addition of “radical embodied cognitive science”—or “enactive cognitive science”. However, attempts at answering the question regarding the relations of range and meaning between these terms set in motion a never-ending dis- cussion. The issues connected with embodied cognition and enactivism tend to refer back to areas outside the field of cognitive studies. Including the category of embodiment (often quite contingently connected with situated and distributed cognition) within the context of enactivism, whose methodo- logical and historical-ideological status is ambiguous (is it a methodological approach? a trend?), generates additional problems and questions. An attempt at introducing some order into the situation would require setting clear criteria and conducting a detailed notion analysis. One should always take into account various ways and contexts of using the categories of embod- iment and enaction, which seem to lead us into the even broader waters of interdisciplinary studies. This is compounded by the additional problems 1 Transl. Ewa Bodal. 11 Enactivism: Arguments & Applications faced by the fields in which the aforementioned discussions are conducted— including cognitive studies and interdisciplinary studies, and especially phi- losophy and psychology in particular. However, the present introduction does not aim at bringing order to these various levels on which enactive issues ap- pear. Furthermore, there is also no guarantee that ordering is reasonable, necessary, or efficient for research, and whether this is even possible.