PUBLIC VALUE MANAGEMENT PUBLIC VALUE MANAGEMENT Institutional Design and Decision for the Common Good Edited by Rick Wylie ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD Lanham • Boulder • New York • London Published by Rowman & Littlefield An imprint of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 www .rowman .com Copyright © 2020 by Policy Network and UCLan All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: PB 978-1-78661-209-0 ISBN: eBook 978-1-78661-210-6 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Control Number: 2020948714 ISBN: 978-1-78661-209-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN: 978-1-78661-210-6 (electronic) ∞ ™ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992. CONTENTS About the Authors vii Foreword – Meg Hillier xi Introduction – Rick Wylie 1 Public Value and Human Values – Rick Wylie 11 Public Value Management – Rick Wylie 37 Public Value and Inclusive Citizenship – Stephen Haraldsen 65 Public Value Management and Social Justice – Aidan Worsley with Rick Wylie 79 Building a New Public Value Economy: The Time Is Now – Hazel Blears 95 The Public Value of the Nuclear Industry in Caithness – Rick Wylie and Andrew van der Lem 113 The National Nuclear Laboratory – Rick Wylie and Phill Bearman 153 Public Value at the European Space Agency – Gianluigi Baldesi, Estelle Godard and Rick Wylie 183 v vi CONTENTS Polycentric Policy Communities and the Public Value Profile of the Nuclear Industry in West Cumbria – Rick Wylie with Michael Heaslip, John Fyfe, Willie Slavin, Stephen Haraldsen and Suzanne Wilson 215 The Public Value of Tourism, Covid-19, Co-Creation and the Experience Economy – Rick Wylie and Benjamin Carey with Katie Read 241 Working with Public Value: Towards a Public Value University – Rick Wylie and Graham Baldwin 277 Public Value Management: Towards a Paradigm for Practice – Rick Wylie 311 Reflections for Public Policy in the UK – Patrick Diamond 321 Bibliography 333 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Dr Gianluigi Baldesi is a senior manager at the European Space Agency with 10+ years of technology leadership experience in assessing and executing complex projects for future aerospace mis- sions in a cross-cultural environment. He holds a PhD in systems engineering and executive MBA from Columbia Business School and London Business School. Professor Graham Baldwin is the vice-chancellor of the University of Central Lancashire having previously been the vice-chancellor of Solent University, Southampton for five years. Prior to joining Solent, he also worked at UCLan in senior management positions, culminating in the role of deputy vice-chancellor. He is chairman of UCLan’s Applied Policy Science Unit. Dr Phill Bearman is an account director at the UK’s National Nuclear Laboratory, based on the Sellafield site in Cumbria where he led their measurement and analysis development team and advanced analysis programme. He then moved into capability man- agement and led a multi-disciplinary team of scientists and technolo- gists across all of British Nuclear Fuels main sites. More recently he vii viii ABOUT THE AUTHORS managed facilities and operations before a move into commercial, sales and account management. Rt Hon Hazel Blears served as a member of parliament and in a variety of ministerial roles including in the cabinet for 18 years. During that time, she was a champion for disadvantaged communi- ties and passionate about tackling inequality and was a co-sponsor of the Social Value Act. Hazel is an advisory board member of UCLan’s Applied Policy Science Unit. Benjamin Carey FTS has been working in tourism for three decades with experience in more than 50 countries. He has a focus on tourism as a driver of sustainable development and a special interest in destinations emerging from crisis. Dr Patrick Diamond is co-chair of Policy Network. He is a lecturer in Public Policy at Queen Mary, University of London, Gwilym Gibbon fellow at Nuffield College, Oxford, and a visiting fellow at the Department of Politics at the University of Oxford. Until May 2010 he was head of policy planning in 10 Downing Street and senior policy adviser to the prime minister. Patrick is an advisory board member of UCLan’s Applied Policy Science Unit. Professor John Fyfe CBE is both a highly respected academic as well as a practitioner having spent a career in socioeconomic devel- opment in both developed countries and in serving the needs of many developing countries around the world. He is a founder trustee of Westlakes Research Limited. He is an advisory board member of UCLan’s Applied Policy Science Unit. Estelle Godard is an analyst in corporate development at the European Space Agency. A graduate of Sciences Po, Paris, she is specialised in economics and public policy. Before joining ESA she has focused her research on African Security and worked at the United Nations in public information in New York. ABOUT THE AUTHORS ix Dr Stephen Haraldsen is a research fellow in public value manage- ment in the University of Central Lancashire’s School of Business. He is a political geographer with a background in governance, power and public administration, particularly relating to the UK civil nuclear industry. Michael Heaslip worked in economic and sustainable communi- ties, policy development in West Cumbria for over thirty years. He is a district councillor in Allerdale. He is now chair of Westlakes Research Limited and is an advisory board member of UCLan’s Applied Policy Science Unit. Meg Hillier MP is member of parliament for Hackney South and Shoreditch and chair of the House of Commons public accounts committee. Katie Read is tourism sector development officer in economic and community regeneration at Copeland Borough Council in Cumbria. Willie Slavin MBE is a retired headteacher with over 20 years’ experience in the voluntary and community sector in a variety of governance roles. He is currently chair of the Whitehaven Foyer and the West Cumbria Child Poverty Forum. He is a trustee of Westlakes Research Limited. Andrew van der Lem is the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority’s director of government relations and public affairs. He is a civil servant by background and has worked in a range of departments including Cabinet Office, Communities and Local Government, the Foreign Office and the Department for Business. Suzanne Wilson is a research fellow in social inclusion and com- munity engagement at the University of Central Lancashire, a research agenda in partnership with Westlakes Research Limited and UCLan’s Centre for Citizenship and Community. x ABOUT THE AUTHORS Professor Aidan Worsley is a senior academic researcher specialis- ing in the field of social work. He has had a number of national roles in the sector, including president of the Association of Professors of Social Work. Dr Rick Wylie FTS is a reader in applied policy science at the University of Central Lancashire and Samuel Lindow academic director at their West Cumbria campus. He is also the principal of Westlakes Research Limited and executive director of UCLan’s Applied Policy Science Unit. FOREWORD Meg Hillier Mark Moore’s concept of public value has rightly become one of the major ways we frame the question about what public servants should strive to do. At its core is an idea that is simple to compre- hend, although more difficult to implement. That is, that we deliver public value if we have a good idea, get endorsement to act on that idea and implement it well. It’s easy to grasp, but much of my life is spent examining cases where, to put it politely, all has not always gone well. If we take the three pillars of Moore’s idea, we can see why. First, we have different ideas about what matters. That is the essence of politics. Different political parties give greater or less emphasis to different ideas. Secondly, most knotty political problems are ones where different values clash. We can see this in the current Covid epidemic. We have had to put limits on one highly regarded value, liberty, to protect another, public health. We also face intergenera- tional challenges. We have asked younger people to accept sacrifices in their education and work and leisure to help protect more vulner- able groups. There is however a third dimension to this. Ideas rarely come perfectly formed. Most good ideas develop through an iterative process. Too often government policy is generated from a narrow xi xii FOREWORD decision-making class without enough interaction with the people who will deal with that policy in the real world. Creating an authorising environment requires some level of trust. Creating support for a good idea is as important as having the idea. I have called for government to consider scrutiny of projects before they start as I believe it is more likely that we will get both that iterative improvement and build backing for the idea. The third leg is good delivery. Whether the public has had value for money is the bread and butter of the work of the public accounts committee, which I chair. One of the great weaknesses of central government is the premium it places on policy, with delivery almost seen as an afterthought, usually delegated to more junior staff or outsourced. While a large part of the public accounts committee role is to examine money – how it’s spent and to challenge government waste, the committee also examines the effectiveness and efficiency of how our money is spent.