Republic of Lebanon Council for Development and Reconstruction Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Roads and Employment Project (REP) April 2018 Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized CONTENTS CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................ i List of Acronyms .................................................................................................................................... v Glossary ................................................................................................................................................ vii List of Figures ......................................................................................................................................... 1 List of Tables .......................................................................................................................................... 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 1 I. Background ..................................................................................................................................... 1 II. Project Description and Components .............................................................................................. 1 III. Objectives and Methodology of the ESMF .................................................................................... 3 IV. Environmental and Social Risks and Mitigation Measures ............................................................ 5 V. Application of the ESMF ................................................................................................................ 5 VI. Responsibility for Environmental Management and Monitoring ................................................... 7 VII. Cost Implications of the ESMF....................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Project Background......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Development Objectives..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Rationale for ESMF ........................................................................................................................ 2 Chapter 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Project Components ........................................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Institutional Arrangements ............................................................................................................. 5 2.2.1 Beneficiary communities, municipalities and unions ......................................................... 5 2.2.2 Council for Development and Reconstruction (implementing agency) .............................. 5 2.3 Civil works under Component 1 ..................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 3 INSTITUTIONAL, POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ............................................... 8 3.1 Institutional Framework .................................................................................................................. 8 3.2 Main Public Stakeholders ............................................................................................................... 9 3.2.1 Ministry of Public Works and Transportation (MoPWT) ................................................. 10 3.2.2 Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) ................................................................................... 10 3.2.3 Council for Development and Reconstruction (CDR) ...................................................... 10 3.2.4 Municipalities ................................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Legislative Framework ................................................................................................................. 12 3.4 EIA Draft Decree and Project Relevance to Environmental Protection Law ............................... 15 3.5 Relevant Environmental Standards ............................................................................................... 16 3.5.1 Wastewater pollutants ....................................................................................................... 19 3.5.2 Noise Levels ..................................................................................................................... 22 3.6 World Bank Safeguard Policies and Emission Limits .................................................................. 22 3.6.1 World Bank Safeguard Policies ........................................................................................ 22 3.6.2 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) .............................................................................. 23 E-i 3.6.3 Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) ................................................................................. 24 3.6.4 Public Consultations and Disclosure Policy ..................................................................... 24 3.6.5 WBG Emission Limits ...................................................................................................... 25 3.7 Gap Analysis: ................................................................................................................................ 25 3.8 Closing notes ................................................................................................................................ 27 Chapter 4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE ............................................................... 28 4.1 Environmental Baseline ................................................................................................................ 28 4.1.1 Climate .............................................................................................................................. 28 4.1.2 Water Resources ............................................................................................................... 29 4.1.3 Waste Water ...................................................................................................................... 31 4.1.4 Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................. 32 4.1.5 Air Quality and Noise ....................................................................................................... 33 4.1.6 Land and Geography ......................................................................................................... 36 4.2 Social Baseline .............................................................................................................................. 37 4.2.1 Demographic Profile ......................................................................................................... 37 4.2.2 Access to Public Utilities .................................................................................................. 41 4.2.3 Educational Attainment .................................................................................................... 43 4.2.4 Employment and Income Generating Activities ............................................................... 44 4.2.5 Standards of Public Health................................................................................................ 45 4.2.6 Land Ownership and Utilization ....................................................................................... 47 4.2.7 Access to Community Services ........................................................................................ 49 4.2.8 War Refugees .................................................................................................................... 51 Chapter 5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SCREENING ........................................................... 55 5.1 Important notes for the environmental and social officers conducting the screening:.................. 56 Chapter 6 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS FRAMEWORK ............... 59 6.1 The Generic Impacts of the Project .............................................................................................. 59 6.2 Potential Positive Environmental and Social impacts .................................................................. 59 6.3 Preliminary Assessment of Environmental and Social Impacts of REP ....................................... 60 6.3.1 Overall positive impacts of the project ............................................................................. 60 6.3.2 Overall negative impacts of the project ............................................................................ 60 6.3.3 During Operation .............................................................................................................. 65 6.4 Net Social and Environmental Impacts before Mitigation............................................................ 65 Chapter 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING