Old vs. New Imperialism Unit 5: Imperialism Imperialism: The practice of a country extending its influence over another through military and/or diplomatic force ● ~1450-1700 Old Imperialism ● Mainly focused on finding trade routes to India ○ Spices ● No major conquest ○ Mainly set up trade stations and colonies ● Motivations ○ Spread Christianity (God) ○ Gold/Silver (Gold) ○ Spirit of adventure (Glory) ● Major Examples: Old Imperialism ○ Columbian Exchange ○ Atlantic Slave Trade Columbian ● New plants, animals, and diseases Exchange exchanged between Europe and the Americas ○ Part of massive trade network Plants and Animals Old World New World Horses Potatoes Tobacco Cattle Wheat Tomatoes Oranges Sugar Columbian Effects of the Exchange ● Population growth across Exchange the world ● European diseases devastate Native American population Atlantic Slave Trade ● Primarily due to sugarcane ○ Not enough Native Americans to use for labor ● Increased demand for African slaves ○ Mainly from African coasts ○ Supporters and critics ● Slaves became part of Triangular Trade New Technology Europe Raw Goods (Tobacco, Manufactured Goods: Molasses, Sugar, Guns, Cloth, Rum Cotton) Triangular Trade Americas Enslaved Africans Africa Effects of the Slave Trade ● Depopulation in African states ● Increased warfare between African peoples ● Continued use of African labor New Mid 1800s-1914 • Conquest is the focus Imperialism • Use of economic and technological means to make regions economically dependent as suppliers of raw materials and consumers 84% of the world was colonized ● Guided by feeling of What superiority Stayed the ● Exploitation of land, labor, and capital Same? ● Guided by civilizing or Christianizing mission ● Use of new technologies ● Spirit of capitalism ● Markets exploited by dominant cultures Exit Ticket On a half sheet, answer the following using complete sentences: 1. What were the 3 primary reasons for European exploration/old imperialism? 2. How were Europeans eventually able to open markets in Africa’s interior? 3. What is the key difference between Old and New Imperialism? 4. Describe each leg of the triangular trade.