QL AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE VOL. 21, NO. 6 JOURNAL JUNE, 1944 * !W * >»• i« mu How long since you've had an "Old Fashioned?" American whiskey has helped celebrate every victory Reserve, America's finest whiskey . good in any in America’s history... for American whiskey is older type of drink. than the United States. And the "Old Fashioned” Just to remind you, here’s how an "Old Fashioned” was famous when American fighting men first landed is made: in Algiers . way back in 1815. 1. To YL lump of sugar add 2 dashes of Angostura Renew your acquaintance with this grand old Bitters and 6 drops of water. 2. Crush and dissolve American drink at the first opportunity. And let sugar. 3. Add 2 ounces of Schenley Royal Reserve. your friends in on the secret—the matchless aroma, 4.Garnish with 1 slice oforange, 1 slice of lemon, 1 slice full flavor, and smooth richness of SCHENLEY Royal pineapple, 1 cherry. 5. Add ice, stir gently, and serve. CONTENTS AMERICA!! EASTERN JUNE, 1944 TRADING & SHIPPING C0..S.A.E. Cover Picture: Contrast at Anzio Alexandria and Suez (Egypt) See page 287 Branches or Agents in: Five Days on the Beachhead 285 Alexandria, Egypt Jaffa, Palestine By Thomas S. Estes Cairo, Egypt Jerusalem, Palestine Port Said, Egypt Haifa, Palestine The Valley of Aran 288 Suez, Egypt Beirut, Lebanon By Jule B. Smith Port Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Iskenderon, Turkey Khartoum, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Damascus, Syria Ankara, Turkey U. S. Despatch Agency, New Orleans 289 Djibouti, French Somaliland Addis Abeba, Ethiopia Izmir, Turkey By Stephen E. Lato Jedda, Arabia Istanbul, Turkey Nicosia, Cyprus Valetta, Malta Report of the Internment and Repatriation of the Official American Group in France 1942, 1943 and 1944—continued 291 By Woodruff Wallner AMERICAN IRAQI SNIPPING CO., LTD. (Only American-Owned Shipping Firm The Blair-Lee House 298 in Persian Gulf) By Cecil B. Lyon Editors’ Column 300 Basrah and Baghdad (Iraq) Letters to the Editors 301 Branches or Agents in: Baghdad, Iraq Bandar Abbas, Iran News from the Department 302 Basrah, Iraq Teheran, Iran By Jane Wilson Khorramshahr, Iran Bahrein, Bahrein Islands Bandar Shahpour, Iran RasTannurah.SaudiArabia News from the Field 303 Abadan, Iran Koweit, Arabia Bushire, Iran Mosul, Iraq The Bookshelf 307 Francis C. de Wolf, Review Editor Observations on the Foreign Service. 309 By Philip H. Bagby An Apple for the Teacher 310 By William P. Cochran, Jr. Foreign Service Changes 312 Service Glimpses 313 In Memoriam 328 Births 329 Marriages 329 Visitors 339 New York Representatives AMERICAN EASTERN CORP. Near East Division Issued monthly by the American Foreign Service Associa¬ tion, Department of State, Washington, D. C. Entered as 30 Rockefeller Plaza Circle 6-0333 second-class matter at the Post Office in Washington, D. C., under the act of March 3, 1879. New York 20, N. Y. JUNE, 1944 281 BONDS VICTORY < UHUH| '• 1 I i f®1 Change to Milder Better-Tasting Chesterfields for all the satisfying pleasure a good cigarette can give you There is no mystery why more and more smokers are changing to Chesterfields. .. for the answer is both simple and to the point... Right Combination - World's Best Tobaccos... there you have Chesterfield’s 5-Ivey words for more smoking pleasure. / WATCH THE CHANGE TO mam Copyright 1944. JLJGGETT &. MYEU TOBACCO CO. 282 THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL INDEX FOR ADVERTISERS American Eastern Corp. — 281 American Security and Trust Company 315 j>r<sn?i €(, Association of Pacific Fisheries — 339 Aviation Corporation, The 320 * FOOD Bacardi 334 PRODUCTS Bowling Green Storage & Van Co. .. 321 Calvert School - 337 V\ J HEREVER you go through- Campbell, W. D., & Co. - 339 v out the world you can enjoy Chase National Bank 337 PREMIER FOOD PRODUCTS. Curtiss-Wright Corp. Propeller Division 333 Let them follow you by availing Douglas Aircraft Company . 329 yourself of Francis H. Leggett & Company’s PERSONALIZED Firestone Tire and Rubber Co. 284 EXPORT SERVICE developed Grace Line 331 solely for the convenience of for¬ Harris & Ewing _ > 318 eign service officers and their International Telephone & Telegraph Co. 323 families. Leggett, Francis H., & Company 283 Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co. _ 282 Not only will you enjoy the finest of American foods, selected and Mayflower Hotel 328 prepared according to most rigid National Geographic Magazine 319 standards, but you will be assured National City Bank _ 332 of efficient service down to the mi¬ National Distillers Corp. 330 nutest details of packing and ship¬ Pan-American Airways?' Inc _. 325 ping. R. C. A 1. 317 Many foreign service families have Schenley Products _ IT & III COVERS for years enjoyed the convenience Security Storage Company of Washington 315 of this service. We invite your Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc. 324 correspondence with reference to it. Southern and Standard Engravers... 336 Texaco Petroleum Products 335 Address: EXPORT DIVISION Tyner, Miss E. J. 339 United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company 338 United Fruit Company 338 Waldorf-Astoria Hotel IV COVER PRANCIS |j. LEGGETT&(OMPANY Westinghouse Electric International Co 327 HUDSON RIVER, 27TH TO 28TH STREETS NEW YORK CITY, N. Y., U. S. A. Please mention THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL when writing to advertisers. JUNE, 1944 233 HERE ARE THE REASONS WHY TODAY'S Firestone Del.uxe Champion Tire is built with the same patented and exclusive con¬ struction features that made prewar Firestone Tires famous for mileage and safety. Safti-Lock Cords, Gum-Dipping and Safti-Sured Construction make the tire body so strong that it can be recapped again and again. The famous Gear- Grip Tread, with its 3,456 sharp-edged angles and Duplex Construction, not only provides extra pro¬ tection against skidding, but also delivers extra service. Vitamic Rubber, containing Vitalin, the rubber vitamin, keeps the tire alive and tough. And in every Firestone Tire is that priceless ingredient called "know-how,” resulting from more than 40 years of building tires and more than 20 years of experience with synthetic rubber. So when you get a certificate to buy newr tires, get the tires that give you most miles per dollar. Buy extra value Firestone DeLuxe Champions, the tires that stay safer longer! ★ Back the Attack — Buy War Bonds A PIONEERS AND PACEMAKERS IN SYNTHETIC RUBBER 1933 1934 /04O 1942 1943 * / tin '0 FIRST Synthetic Rubber FIRST Synthetic Rubber FIRST Factory Production FIRST Synthetic from FIRST Synthetic Rubber Airplane Tires Passenger Car Tires of Synthetic Rubber Tires Government-Owned Plant from Grain Alcohol Firestone began experi¬ Firestone developed new In 1940, Firestone built In 19»2, Firestone became In 1943, Firestone became menting with synthetic methods of processing synthetic rubber passenger the first company to pro¬ the first company to make, rubber more than 20 years synthetic rubber into car tires in its factory at duce, in a Government- in a Government - owned ago and in 1933, built the finished products and in the New York World’s owned plant, the type of plant, synthetic rubber for first synthetic airplane 1934, first made synthetic Fair. Mans of these tires synthetic rubber used for tires using butadiene made tires for our armed forces. into passenger car tires. are still in service. passenger car tires. from alcohol. FOR QUALITY SERVICE SEE YOUR NEARBY FIRESTONE DEALER STORE OR FIRESTONE STORE 1911. Tlir FI Tiff & Rubber <*«,. THE FOREIGN JOURNAL PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN SERVICE ASSOCIATION VOL. 21, NO. 6 WASHINGTON, D. C. JUNE, 1944 Five D«vs on the lleaeliheacl By THOMAS S. ESTES, Vice Consul, Algiers “'HE shell whirred overhead and hit with a clang the Germans know we intended to stay—lots of into an infantry barge about twenty-five yards shipping in that port. to our left. There was no time to throw myself to Dressed in full field uniform—including helmet the deck of the LST from which I was disembark¬ but no arms—and a certificate that I was a non- ing—no time even to think “This is it” or some combatant with the assimilated rank of Captain in equally blood-tingling phrase. It hit—and didn’t case of capture, we embarked on an LST at a cer¬ explode. With a queer feeling about my middle, I tain place and time. After a journey of some hours gathered my equipment and headed for the nearest we arrived off Anzio and were given an extremely passage-way leading below, warm reception — by enemy firmly resolved that I would aircraft. They were driven stay under cover the rest of off and after waiting some my stay on the Beachhead.- hours we got under way I was in Naples on special for the beach — no dock — duty for the purpose of nat¬ beach! Along with some uralizing non-citizen soldiers officers, I stood on deck but when I was asked if I would followed their example by be willing to go to the Beach¬ staying very near shelter. head to naturalize soldiers Apparently we were spotted who could not be brought for almost immediately there out. I confess 1 did not seek was a sharp crack followed ways and means to get there. by an ugly whir—right over I had talked with a number the bow. Then another, and of men who had returned and then a third, which hit the felt I knew all 1 wanted to water’s edge but was too far know about the place. I away to do any damage. The turned to Sergeant Adams, sharp crack, I found out detailed to accompany me later, was not the report on my trip and asked him if from the enemy artillery but he would like to go.