1970 Illinois Constitution ANNOTATED FOR LEGISLATORS 5th Edition Illinois General Assembly Legislative Research Unit JOINT COMMITTEE ON LEGISLATIVE SUPPORT SERVICES President of the Senate & Chairperson Sen. John J. Cullerton Speaker of the House Rep. Michael J. Madigan House Republican Leader Rep. Jim Durkin Senate Republican Leader Sen. Bill Brady LEGISLATIVE RESEARCH UNIT Co-Chairperson Vacant Co-Chairperson Rep. Anna Moeller Executive Director Vacant Associate Director Jonathan P. Wolff Senators Representatives Thomas Cullerton Thomas M. Bennett Napoleon Harris III Avery Bourne Mattie Hunter Mary E. Flowers Tom Rooney Christian L. Mitchell Jil Tracy Vacant The Legislative Research Unit is the central research agency for the General Assembly. A board of 12 legislators, appointed by the Joint Committee on Legislative Support Services, supervises its operations. A staff of researchers handles inquiries from legislators, legislative committees, and partisan staff. The staff’s areas of expertise include law generally, science and tech- nology, taxation, education, local government, economics and fiscal affairs, and the political and social history of Illinois. Legislative Research Unit 804 Stratton Building Springfield, Illinois 62706 Phone: 217/782-6851 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ilga.gov/commission/lru/lru_home.html 1970 Illinois Constitution Annotated for Legislators 5th Edition December 2018 Publication 427 Prepared by David R. Miller, Senior Staff Attorney and Deputy Director for Research with research assistance from Joshua L. Scanlon Cover Design by Dianna Jones, Assistant to the Directors Copyright © 2018 Illinois Legislative Research Unit CONTENTS Page Introduction............................................................................................................ Note on Illinois’ Constitutions and the 1970 Constitutional Convention..............7 Preamble ...............................................................................................................8 Article 1. Bill of Rights .......................................................................................9 Sec. 1. Inherent and Inalienable Rights....................................................9 Sec. 2. Due Process and Equal Protection................................................9 Sec. 3. Religious Freedom .....................................................................11 Sec. 4. Freedom of Speech.....................................................................11 Sec. 5. Right to Assemble and Petition..................................................13 Sec. 6. Searches, Seizures, Privacy and Interceptions ...........................13 Sec. 7. Indictment and Preliminary Hearing ..........................................15 Sec. 8. Rights After Indictment..............................................................16 Sec. 8.1. Crime Victims’ Rights................................................................18 Sec. 9. Bail and Habeas Corpus .............................................................20 Sec. 10. Self-Incrimination and Double Jeopardy ...................................21 Sec. 11. Limitation of Penalties After Conviction ...................................23 Sec. 12. Right to Remedy and Justice......................................................24 Sec. 13. Trial by Jury ...............................................................................24 Sec. 14. Imprisonment for Debt ...............................................................25 Sec. 15. Right of Eminent Domain ..........................................................26 Sec. 16. Ex Post Facto Laws and Impairing Contracts ............................27 Sec. 17. No Discrimination in Employment and the Sale or Rental of Property..................................................................................30 Sec. 18. No Discrimination on the Basis of Sex ......................................31 Sec. 19. No Discrimination Against the Handicapped.............................32 Sec. 20. Individual Dignity ......................................................................33 Sec. 21. Quartering of Soldiers ................................................................33 Sec. 22. Right to Arms .............................................................................33 Sec. 23. Fundamental Principles ..............................................................34 Sec. 24. Rights Retained ..........................................................................35 Article 2. The Powers of the State ...................................................................37 Sec. 1. Separation of Powers..................................................................37 Sec. 2. Powers of Government...............................................................39 Article 3. Suffrage and Elections .....................................................................41 Sec. 1. Voting Qualifications .................................................................41 Sec. 2. Voting Disqualification ..............................................................42 Sec. 3. Elections .....................................................................................42 Sec. 4. Election Laws.............................................................................43 Sec. 5. Board of Elections......................................................................44 Sec. 6. General Election.........................................................................45 Sec. 7 Initiative to Recall Governor......................................................45 Sec. 8 Voter Discrimination..................................................................46 Article 4. The Legislature.................................................................................47 Sec. 1. Legislature—Power and Structure .............................................47 Sec. 2. Legislative Composition.............................................................48 Sec. 3. Legislative Redistricting.............................................................50 Sec. 4. Election.......................................................................................52 Sec. 5. Sessions ......................................................................................52 Sec. 6. Organization ...............................................................................53 Sec. 7. Transaction of Business..............................................................54 Sec. 8. Passage of Bills ..........................................................................55 Sec. 9. Veto Procedure...........................................................................62 Sec. 10. Effective Date of Laws...............................................................64 Sec. 11. Compensation and Allowances ..................................................65 Sec. 12. Legislative Immunity .................................................................66 Sec. 13. Special Legislation .....................................................................66 Sec. 14. Impeachment ..............................................................................68 Sec. 15. Adjournment...............................................................................68 Article 5. The Executive ...................................................................................71 Sec. 1. Officers.......................................................................................71 Sec. 2. Terms..........................................................................................71 Sec. 3. Eligibility....................................................................................72 Sec. 4. Joint Election..............................................................................72 Sec. 5. Canvass—Contests.....................................................................72 Sec. 6. Gubernatorial Succession...........................................................73 Sec. 7. Vacancies in Other Elective Offices ..........................................73 Sec. 8. Governor—Supreme Executive Power ......................................74 Sec. 9. Governor—Appointing Power ...................................................74 Sec. 10. Governor—Removals.................................................................77 Sec. 11. Governor—Agency Reorganization...........................................77 Sec. 12. Governor—Pardons....................................................................78 Sec. 13. Governor—Legislative Messages ..............................................79 Sec. 14. Lieutenant Governor—Duties ....................................................79 Sec. 15. Attorney General—Duties..........................................................79 Sec. 16. Secretary of State—Duties .........................................................81 Sec. 17. Comptroller—Duties ..................................................................81 Sec. 18. Treasurer—Duties ......................................................................81 Sec. 19. Records—Reports ......................................................................82 Sec. 20. Bond ...........................................................................................82 Sec. 21. Compensation.............................................................................82 Article 6. The Judiciary....................................................................................83 Sec. 1. Courts .........................................................................................83