je d b u r gh t ow n t ra il . jed bu rgh tow n tr ail . j edburgh town trail . jedburgh town trail . jedburgh town trail . town trail . jedb urgh tow n t rai l . je dbu rgh to wn tr ail . je db ur gh to wn tra il . jedb urgh town trail . jedburgh town jedburgh je db n trail . jedburgh town trail . jedburgh urg gh tow town tr h t jedbur ail . jed ow trail . introductionburgh n tr town town ail . burgh trail jedb il . jed This edition of the Jedburgh Town Trail has be found within this leaflet.. jed As some of the rgh urgh tra been revised by Scottish Borders Council sites along the Trail are houses,bu rwe ask you to u town tra rgh town gh tow . jedb il . jedbu working with the Jedburgh Alliance. The aim respect the owners’ privacy. n trail . je n trail is to provide the visitor to the Royal Burgh of dburgh tow Jedburgh with an added dimension to local We hope you will enjoy walking Ma rk et history and to give a flavour of the town’s around the Town Trail P la development. and trust that you ce have a pleasant 1 The Trail is approximately 2.5km (1 /2 miles) stay in Jedburgh long. This should take about two hours to complete but further time should be added if you visit the Abbey and the Castle Jail. Those with less time to spare may wish to reduce this by referring to the Trail map which is found in the centre pages. The walk starts and finishes at the Tourist Information Centre in Abbey Place. In order to guide the visitor, plaques are sited along the route at specific points of interest and information relating to them can jedburgh town trail 1 je db n trail . jedburgh town trail . jedburgh urg gh tow town tr h t jedbur ail . jed ow historical backgroundtrail . burgh n tr town town ail . burgh trail jedb The history of the Royal Burgh of Jedbl ur. jghed Jedburgh on numerous occasions. The . je gh urg rai town and Abbey were burned three times dbu ur h towndates back many centurtoies.w nAroundt AD rgh to jedb 830,tr aBishopil . je dEcgredburg ofh Lindisfarne formed in the 15th century by the English, providing wn tra rail . two settlements on the Jed Water, calling evidence of the strategic value of the town. il . jedburgh town t them both by the same name. The oldest The 16th century was no less troublesome written form of this name is Gedwearde and several attempts were made to restore - meaning “the enclosed order to the area. The English attacked and settlement by the River captured the town in 1544 as part of the Jed” - which dates from “Rough Wooing” and a year later, the Earl of around 1050. By the Hertford invaded Scotland on the orders of mid 16th century, Henry VIII of England and laid waste to vast the name ‘Jedworth’ tracts of southern Scotland. was being used, even today locally The Union of the Crowns in 1603 ended cross- the town is referred Border warfare and brought about an increase to as ‘Jeddart’. in trade. In 1707, the Union of the Parliaments Je d b had further ramifications for trade between u rg the two countries. The ‘Treaty of Union’ was h Situated close to A bb supposed to be to the equal benefit of both ey the National Border between Scotland and Kingdoms but punitive taxes on traditional England, the town saw more Scottish goods saw a decline in industries such than its fair share of turmoil. as tanning and malting, particularly in Jedburgh. During the Wars of Independence in the Thus many people left the Border towns to 13th and 14th centuries, the English captured find work elsewhere. 2 jedburgh town trail je db n trail . jedburgh town trail . jedburgh urg gh tow town t h bur By 1741, the town was in a state ofr poaivler. ty to il . jed jedbuStarr t the Jedburgh Town Trail at the Tourist wn n tra and financial assistance had to be sought. Infgorhmationto Centre. The large sandstone tr tow Jedburgh, unlike some Border towns, was building tow ynour right is the Public Hall. ail urgh trai . jedb . jedb not subject to expansion as a result of the l . je gh ur rail industrial revolution and early attempts to Public Hall dbu ur gh tow wn t rgh t edb n trail . jedburgh to introduce woollen manufacture in the 18th The Public Hall was designed in 1900 obwy then tr ail . j century were unsuccessful. By the early 19th architect J. P. Alison and completed in 1901 ail . jedburgh town tr century however, the recovery from the in a style described in a contemporary Union began at last. journal as “an adaptation of the later Renaissance period”. The Public Hall was Today, the town retains largely the same plan designed to replace the town’s P as it had centuries ago, comprising the High Corn Exchange, which had ub lic Street and Castlegate with closes and tofts burned down in 1898. The H a running at right angles to these main streets, Hall can accommodate ll similar to the Royal Mile in Edinburgh. around 800 people. Below ground level, Jedburgh lies on the A68 from Edinburgh. two rooms from an The quiet nature and great beauty of the old malt barn remain. town and its Abbey make it an essential stop The malt barn at one time served as the for tourists from all over the world. The town armoury. The Hall sight of the Abbey as you approach from the itself is quite grand with south gives a real sense of the history of the a barrel vaulted ceiling town you are entering. supported by pilasters1 and ornamental scrolled brackets, called consoles. There is a gallery supported on cast iron columns, providing further seating for the public. jedburgh town trail 3 1 Pilaster - a rectangular feature in the shape of a pillar. je db n trail . jedburgh town trail . jedburgh urg gh tow town t h Beside the Hall is Murray’s Green car park, Once a year during the summerbur , this is the rail . to il . jed jedbur wn which was upgraded by Scottish Borders centre of nfestivittraies when crowds gather gh to tr Council in 1999. During the excavation duringt othew Jethart Callant’s Festival, to see wn ail urgh trai . jedb work, some bones were found which. jed b the town’s principal - the Callant - receive l . je gh ur probably related to a burial in the rAbaibeyl as the Jethart flag. He then carries the flagwith dbu ur gh tow wn t rgh t edb nthistr areaail .w jouldedb hauvreg beenh t opart of the Abbey him on horseback during Festival Day. At the own tr ail . j Precinct. end of Festival Day, respect is paid at the War ail . jedburgh town tr Memorial to all those who lost their lives in Ramparts armed conflict. Cross Abbey Place and either mount the stairs or follow Looking towards the Jed Water, the large the pavement to stroll grassed area was once the site of the North along the raised walk, British Rayon Mills. called ‘The Ramparts’, towards the War Jedburgh Abbey Memorial. There has been a religious foundation associated with Jedburgh for many centuries. When French troops Ecgred, Bishop of Lindisfarne in AD 830, reinforced the Scots granted land to the church of Lindisfarne who were defending and a place of worship was built in this area. Jedburgh in 1548, from There is no known building on this site until W a the English army, their the 11th or 12th century. A priory was r M em commander General D’Esse founded by King David I (1124-53) in 1138 orial constructed gun platforms on the when he invited Augustinian canons from eastern side of the Abbey to afford it some Beauvais in France to settle in Jedburgh. By protection. It is from these gun platforms 1154, the status of the priory had been raised that this raised area takes its name. to that of an Abbey. This indicated clearly to 4 jedburgh town trail je he Abbey db n trail . jedburgh town trail . jedburgh T urg h tow town t h burg the English, the power rail . to il . jed jedbur English forces occupied the town once wn n tra of the King and the gh to more in 1548 but the following year, tr tow i n d e p e n d e n c e wnthe Scots were reinforced by a ail . urgh trai jedb . jedb of the Scottish strongl c.ojnetingent of the French gh ur rail church. army and thdeb Eunglish withdrew. ur gh tow wn t rgh t edb n trail . jedburgh to The Abbey which by thoisw timne tr ail . j The first attack was ruinous was suppressed in ail . jedburgh town tr on the Abbey 1559 as part of the religious was in 1305, in Reformation in Scotland. Je the early phases db This meant that the ur gh of the Wars of A monks could no b b e Independence, when longer recruit y it was wrecked and new members plundered by the English to the order. under Sir Richard Hastings. The Abbey was thrice ravaged in the 15th The Abbey was century, in 1410, 1416 and again in 1464. then used as the In 1523, English troops under the Earl of parish church until Surrey, put the Abbey to the torch once 1875 when the new more.