Steve Tshwete Local Municipality: Greenhouse Gas Inventory 2012 By ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability – Africa Lead Author: Priscilla Rowswell Review by Sustainable Energy Africa December 2013 Steve Tshwete Local Municipality Greenhouse Gas Inventory 2012 1 Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................................................... 3 List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4 1. Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Methodology ................................................................................................................................................................. 10 Protocols ............................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Data Sources and Collation ............................................................................................................................................... 11 Data assumptions and gaps ............................................................................................................................................... 12 Carbon Inventory ............................................................................................................................................................... 15 Concluding remarks ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 3. GHG Inventory ............................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.1. The Energy Picture ................................................................................................................................................. 18 3.2. Supply side energy and emissions ......................................................................................................................... 19 3.3. Demand-Side Energy ............................................................................................................................................. 21 3.3.1. Electricity ....................................................................................................................................................... 21 3.3.2. Liquid Fuel Consumption ............................................................................................................................... 33 3.3.3. Waste Generation ......................................................................................................................................... 36 3.4. Demand side energy and emissions conclusions .................................................................................................. 38 3.5. Steve Tshwete Greenhouse Gas Inventory summary ........................................................................................... 40 3.6. Recommendations ................................................................................................................................................. 44 References ............................................................................................................................................................................. 46 Steve Tshwete Local Municipality Greenhouse Gas Inventory 2012 2 List of Figures Figure 1: Steve Tshwete energy consumption and energy-related emissions by fuel type, 2012 .......................................... 5 Figure 2: Energy consumption and energy related emissions by sector in STLM, 2012. ........................................................ 6 Figure 3: Steve Tshwete energy consumption and energy-related emissions by fuel type, 2012 ........................................ 20 Figure 4: Energy consumption and energy related emissions by sector in STLM, 2012. ...................................................... 21 Figure 5: Annual electricity supplied by Eskom from 2010-2013 in the Steve Tshwete Municipal area. (Source: Eskom) ................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Figure 6: Eskom’s electricity supply to sectoral customers in STLM, 2012. (Source: Eskom) ............................................... 23 Figure 7: Sectoral representation of Steve Tshwete distribution of electricity, 2012 .......................................................... 25 Figure 8: Graphic representation of total electricity consumed by sectors in Steve Tshwete, 2012 ................................... 26 Figure 9: Monthly electricity consumption for Steve Tshwete area for 2012. ..................................................................... 27 Figure 10: Fuels used for lighting, heating and cooking in STLM, 2011. (Source: StatsSA) ................................................... 28 Figure 11: Fuel types used in the households of Mpumalanga’s local governments, 2011 (Source: StatsSA) ..................... 29 Figure 12: Comparative study by province of the households that have access to electricity for lighting purposes. (Source: StatsSA) ................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Figure 13: Illustration of electricity revenues from STLM domestic categories in relation to high, mid and low income households. .............................................................................................................................................................. 32 Figure 14: Steve Tshwete fuel consumption per fuel type and energy used per sector, 2011 ............................................. 33 Figure 15: Waste measured and reported in Steve Tshwete by category, 2012. ................................................................. 37 Figure 16: Monthly Waste generated in Steve Tshwete, 2010-2012 .................................................................................... 37 Figure 17: Energy consumption and energy related emissions by sector in STLM, 2012. .................................................... 39 Figure 18: Energy used and carbon emitted by the STLM operations, 2012 ........................................................................ 40 Figure 19: Air Quality results of STLM air quality stations recording air pollutants in the atmosphere, 2011-2013 ........... 43 Steve Tshwete Local Municipality Greenhouse Gas Inventory 2012 3 List of Tables Table 1: Steve Tshwete Greenhouse Gas emission results, 2012 ........................................................................................... 7 Table 2: Steve Tshwete Sustainability indicators, 2012 .......................................................................................................... 8 Table 3: Greenhouse Gas emissions by sector per scope in Steve Tshwete 2012 .................................................................. 9 Table 4: Supply-side energy data sources ............................................................................................................................. 11 Table 5: Demand-side energy data sources .......................................................................................................................... 12 Table 6: Municipal distributed electricity by Tariff Code and the allocated end user category/sector................................ 14 Table 7: Live vehicle categories and assumed classification ................................................................................................. 15 Table 8: Greenhouse Gas emission factors for South Africa ................................................................................................. 16 Table 9: Energy conversion factors ....................................................................................................................................... 16 Table 10: Key energy indicators in Steve Tshwete Local Municipality .................................................................................. 18 Table 11: Steve Tshwete energy consumption and energy-related emissions by fuel type, 2012 ....................................... 19 Table 12: Eskom’s electricity customers, sectoral totals (kWh) (Source: Eskom) ................................................................. 22 Table 13: Summary table of Steve Tshwete distribution of electricity to end-users (2012)................................................. 24 Table 14: Total Electricity consumed in Steve Tshwete - sectoral representation ............................................................... 26 Table 15: Domestic types determined by municipal tariff codes .......................................................................................... 31 Table 16: Fuel Volume Sales by SAPIA, DoE and assumed sector consumers, 2011 ............................................................ 33 Table 17: Steve Tshwete Municipal liquid fuel consumption for 2012 ................................................................................