Fourth Country Report to CBD, Denmark, Januar 2010 CONTENTS Executive summary _______________________________________________________ 4 Chapter I: Overview of Biodiversity Status, Trends and Threats __________________ 7 Introduction __________________________________________________________________________ 7 The agricultural landscape ______________________________________________________________ 8 The agricultural landscape ______________________________________________________________ 8 Key issues ___________________________________________________________________________________ 8 Factors affecting status _________________________________________________________________________ 8 Current status _________________________________________________________________________________ 8 Open habitats ________________________________________________________________________ 13 Key issues __________________________________________________________________________________ 13 Factors affecting status ________________________________________________________________________ 13 Current status ________________________________________________________________________________ 13 Objectives __________________________________________________________________________________ 13 Forests ______________________________________________________________________________ 16 Key issues __________________________________________________________________________________ 16 Factors affecting status ________________________________________________________________________ 16 Current status ________________________________________________________________________________ 16 Objectives __________________________________________________________________________________ 19 Lakes and watercourses ________________________________________________________________ 21 Key issues __________________________________________________________________________________ 21 Factors affecting status ________________________________________________________________________ 21 Current status ________________________________________________________________________________ 21 Objectives __________________________________________________________________________________ 21 Coastal ecosystem _____________________________________________________________________ 23 Key issues __________________________________________________________________________________ 23 Factors affecting status ________________________________________________________________________ 23 Current status ________________________________________________________________________________ 24 Marine ecosystem and Life on the seabed _________________________________________________ 27 Key issues __________________________________________________________________________________ 27 Factors affecting status ________________________________________________________________________ 27 Current status ________________________________________________________________________________ 27 Objectives __________________________________________________________________________________ 28 Threatened species ____________________________________________________________________ 31 Key issues __________________________________________________________________________________ 31 Factors affecting status ________________________________________________________________________ 31 Current status ________________________________________________________________________________ 31 Objectives __________________________________________________________________________________ 32 Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen ______________________________________________________ 34 Key issues __________________________________________________________________________________ 34 Factors affecting status ________________________________________________________________________ 34 Current status ________________________________________________________________________________ 34 Objectives __________________________________________________________________________________ 34 Case study: Invasive species ____________________________________________________________ 38 Key issues __________________________________________________________________________________ 38 What are invasive species? _____________________________________________________________________ 38 From giant hogweed to mink and the lobed comb Jelly________________________________________________ 38 Recording of invasive species ___________________________________________________________________ 38 Action plan to halt the progress of invasive species __________________________________________________ 39 Chapter 2: Current status of national biodiversity strategies and action plans _____ 41 Overview of national biodiversity strategies and action plans _________________________________ 41 National Strategy for Sustainable Development (2009)________________________________________________ 41 Action Plan for Biodiversity and Nature Conservation in Denmark 2004-2009 _____________________________ 42 Governmental Account to the Danish Parliament on the Nature Policy in Denmark (2006)____________________ 42 Agreement on Green Growth (2009) ______________________________________________________________ 42 National Forest Programme _____________________________________________________________________ 46 Action plan for Close-to-Nature Forestry in Danish State Forests (2005)__________________________________ 46 National Strategy on Native Forests 1992-2040 _____________________________________________________ 47 International targets incorporated into NBSAPs ___________________________________________ 48 Area based management and regulation __________________________________________________ 49 Habitats and ecosystem protection in general _______________________________________________________ 49 Areas protected under the Nature Conservation Act __________________________________________________ 50 Areas protected under the Hunting and Wildlife Management Act_______________________________________ 50 Natura 2000 management plans (2009-2015) _______________________________________________________ 51 Ramsar site designations _______________________________________________________________________ 51 River Basin Management Plans __________________________________________________________________ 51 National park designations (2007) ________________________________________________________________ 51 Nature restoration projects______________________________________________________________________ 52 Species management___________________________________________________________________ 53 General species protection ______________________________________________________________________ 53 Management of species under the EU habitats directive _______________________________________________ 54 Single species management plans ________________________________________________________________ 55 Management of the butterfly, Euphydryas aurinia ___________________________________________________ 55 Management of the butterfly, Maculinea arion ______________________________________________________ 55 Alien Invasive species management ______________________________________________________________ 56 Reintroductions ______________________________________________________________________________ 57 Genetic resources management__________________________________________________________ 57 Natura 2000 plans ____________________________________________________________________________ 57 Genetic diversity of forest trees __________________________________________________________________ 57 FAO and Genetic resources (2001) _______________________________________________________________ 57 National strategy on gene resources in farm animals and plants (2003) ___________________________________ 57 Chapter 3: Sectoral and cross-sectoral integration or mainstreaming of biodiversity considerations __________________________________________________________ 60 Legal and institutional framework _______________________________________________________ 60 Spatial Planning ______________________________________________________________________________ 61 Municipal cooperation _________________________________________________________________________ 61 Agriculture, forestry, fishery and aquaculture policies ________________________________________________ 62 Extraction of raw materials _____________________________________________________________________ 64 Infrastructural development _____________________________________________________________________ 65 Financing and expenditure______________________________________________________________________ 66 Fiscal policy_________________________________________________________________________________ 68 Education ___________________________________________________________________________________ 68 International co-operation ______________________________________________________________________ 69 Chapter IV - Conclusions: Progress towards the 2010 Target and Implementation of the Strategic Plan ________________________________________________________ 78 2 REPORTING PARTY Contracting Party Denmark N a t i o n a l F o c a l P o i n t Full name of the institution Ministry of Environment Name and title of contact officer Martin Schneekloth The Agency for Spatial and Environmental Planning, Mailing address Nature Division, Haraldsgade53, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark Telephone +45-72544857 Fax +45 39279899 E-mail [email protected] S