Journal of Physical Education and Sports 7 (2) (2018) : 141 – 151 https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jpes/article/view/25120 The Contribution of Hand-Eye Coordination, Muscle Arm Strength, and Concentration to Standing Throw Shoot Results Maraka Khija Sunawa1 , Tri Rustiadi2 & Soekardi3 1 Public Junior High School 21 Semarang, Indonesia 2 Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia Article Info Abstract ________________ ___________________________________________________________________ History Articles The purpose of this research is to: (1) Analyze the contribution of eye-hand Received: coordination to the result of standing throw shoot; (2) Analyzing the June 2018 Accepted: contribution of arm muscle strength to the result of standing throw shoot; July 2018 (3) Analyzing contribution of concentration to result of standing throw shoot; Published: (4) Analyze the contribution of eye-hand coordination, arm muscle strength, and August 2018 concentration to the result of standing throw shoot. This study uses correlation ________________ analysis. The research procedure is: (1) preliminary study, (2) determining the Keywords: concentration, variable, (3) making the research instrument, (4) taking the data, (5) processing coordination, the data. The subjects of this study were students of SMP Negeri in Semarang handball, City who followed extracurricular handball which amounted to 70 students. standing throw shot, Instruments and techniques of data collection using tests. Data analysis used strength simple regression and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that ____________________ hand-eye coordination contributed 23.4%, arm muscle strength contributed DOI 15.8%, concentration contributed 19%, and hand-eye coordination, arm muscle https://doi.org/10.15294 strength, and concentration together contributed significantly by 54.2%. The /jpes.v7i2.25120 conclusion of this research is the factor of hand-eye coordination, arm muscle strength, concentration has a contribution to the result of standing throw shoot either alone or together. © 2018 Universitas Negeri Semarang Correspondence address: p-ISSN 2252-648X Karangrejo Raya No. 12, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, 50264 e-ISSN 2502-4477 E-mail: [email protected] 141 Maraka Khija Sunawa, Tri Rustiadi & Soekardi Journal of Physical Education and Sports 7 (2) (2018) : 141 – 151 INTRODUCTION There are several shooting techniques in the handball game as presented by Mahendra (2000) Currently, development in the field of as follows: (1) The Standing Throw Shot, (2) The sports is being vigorous in welcoming the Asian Jump Shot, (3) The Dive Shot, (4) The Fall Shot, Games in terms of achievement. In line with that (5) The Side Shot, (6) The Flying Shot, (7) The according to Maksum, Abdillah & Dewi (2017), Reverse Shot. The attacker can perform one of Achievement in sports is one effort to raise the the seven techniques to shoot the ball into the dignity and dignity of the nation. While the goal in a penalty situation one of which shot opinion of Mariyono, Rahayu & Rustiana (2017), shooting technique standing throw shot. good training is a systematically designed Eye-hand coordination is also a factor that exercise by following the various characteristics affects the outcome of the standing throw shoot of the sport is coached. In line with that according of a person. The ability of handball players to to Ghozali, Sulaiman & Pramono (2017), to combine hand-eye coordination when making achieve the optimal achievement does not come free throws will have an effect on the accuracy of for granted but through the process of a training throwing results. Eye-hand coordination plays a program, the type of exercise, the frequency of role in the handball game especially when the exercise and the method of exercise used. shooter sees the goal, to further release the ball According to Yunida, Sugiharto & Soenyoto towards the goal. A player who fires a shot, (2017), the estuary of the overall activity of the moves, swings his arms and time should be able existing subsystems that is allowed athletes to be combined in such a way into a good and achievement as a reliable group elected. harmonious unity, so the player must be able to Achievement is a prestige for some who want it. do the move quickly and carefully to decide The movement in the handball game where the ball will be directed so difficult to reach consists of running, jumping and throwing, by the opposing goalkeeper. Components other catching, blocking, and pushing between players. than eye-hand coordination, strength also affects In addition to the technical and tactical skills, that the technique of standing throw shoot. If an one of the key skills needed for success in the athlete has good eye-hand coordination, then at handball team is the ability to throw. (Gorostiaga, the moment the ball will hit the ball will fall right et al. 2006). Next according (Muhlisin & Adi, on goal. On the contrary, poor eye-hand 2016), handball is a sport that uses the hand to coordination will result in a rigid shooting reflect, throw and punch even put the ball into the movement so the ball will deviate from the goal. goal. Closed by statement Wagner, Finkenzeller, According to Ibrahim & Hassan (2017), in sports, Wurth & Duvillard (2014), handball is a complex players choose their actions based on the game game sport that is determined by the individual situation. Handball players usually have steadily performance of each player as well as the tactical growing skills and tactics in various game components and interaction of the team. The situations. Reinforced statement from game of the handball has the characteristic of the Wagner, et al. (2014), they need to get high-level intensity of change, the technique of the handball, movement coordination to run, jump, push, the mental skill, and the social factors change direction, catch, shoot, and block. Thus, determining the determinants of coordination, determining the factors that affect performance in endurance, strength, and cognition. a handball based on scientific studies will be a Shoot is an attempt to put the ball into the valuable contribution to improving the quality of goal to earn points Rosmi (2017). Shooting is one training for trainers and practitioners. of the basic techniques that must be mastered well Based on the result of the observation that by every handball player. Shooting serves to score has been done with an extracurricular trainer of or insert the ball as much as possible towards the handball, it is found that there has never been eye- opposing goal. The ability of a team in firing will hand coordination test to the students so that the determine the outcome achieved in a match. students have not yet known their eye-hand 142 Maraka Khija Sunawa, Tri Rustiadi & Soekardi Journal of Physical Education and Sports 7 (2) (2018) : 141 – 151 coordination ability. The ability of hand and eye the standing throw shoot on the handball game, coordination needs to be sharpened so that the because concentration is one of the factors that result of throw shoot throwing is better. This is a influence the success in shooting especially concern for researchers to examine more deeply penalty. about eye-hand coordination factors. The above mentioned junior high school is The second factor that affects the standing the junior high school that dominates the throw shoot is the arm muscle strength. Arm rankings in all the championships in central Java muscle strength is also needed when shooting. chosen to be the subject of research. The authors Muscle strength is a force that can be produced by assume that players who often win the a muscle or group of muscles in a maximum championship in the middle class are a player contraction. (Eri Pratiknyo Dwikusworo, 2010). who has a better ability or technique than other Muscle strength is an important component players but based on observations in the field because it is the driving force of every physical there are many players who find it difficult to activity (Harsono, 1988). The same thing insert the ball into the goal by using a standing according to Ismaryanti (2008), states that throw shoot technique. strength is a muscle contraction achieved in a maximum effort. So the muscles will achieve METHODS maximum strength when a muscle is repeatedly trained more than the usual trained on the The design of this research is correlation muscle. Good muscle strength will contribute research. The athletes used by the samples are enormously to the body and the techniques often champions and have good throwing required in performing The Standing throw shoot techniques. Sample used ie SMP N 12, SMP N because with great arm muscle strength it will be 16, SMP N 18, SMP N 20, SMP N 21, SMP N a thrust so that the ball easily reaches the goal 23, SMP N 31, SMP N 34 and SMP N 35 so the with maximum speed. sample in this study amounted 70 athletes. Concentration is one of the factors that influence doing the standing throw shoot. With a RESULTS AND DISCUSSION combination of good technique and concentration, the ball will easily enter the goal Description of Variations of Eye-Hand and the team will get points. While performing Coordination the standing throw shoot the successful free The results of hand-eye coordination shooters generally do the preparation and calculations on students following extracurricular concentration. According to Komarudin (2013), handball in SMP N 12, SMP N 16, SMP N 18, concentration is the very important role in sports SMP N 20, SMP N 21, SMP N 23, SMP N 31, because if disturbed it will arise a problem. SMP N 34 and SMP N 35 Semarang city resulting Especially on sports activities that require in a mean of 13 and a standard deviation of 2.4. accuracy of throws, punches, kicks, and shots on The smallest value of 8 and largest 18.