1 2 Contents 1. Document Purpose ........................................................................................... 5 1.1 What are spatial approaches ..................................................................... 5 2. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 6 3. Methodology ..................................................................................................... 7 Overview .............................................................................................................. 7 Division of District into areas.............................................................................. 12 Identification of constraints ................................................................................ 13 Tier 1 Constraints .............................................................................................. 13 Table 1 Tier 1 Constraints .............................................................................. 15 Tier 2 Constraints .............................................................................................. 17 Table 2 Tier 2 Constraints .............................................................................. 18 Use of Settlement Hierarchy .............................................................................. 25 Settlement Hierarchy ......................................................................................... 25 Table 3 – Settlement Hierarchy ......................................................................... 26 Use of the Settlement Hierarchy in Determining Spatial Approaches ................ 28 Table 4 – Settlements by Area .......................................................................... 29 The Broad Areas of Search ............................................................................... 31 4. Establishment of Approaches ......................................................................... 33 Approach 1 ........................................................................................................ 34 Approach 2A ...................................................................................................... 34 Approach 2B ...................................................................................................... 35 Approach 3 ........................................................................................................ 35 Approach 4 ........................................................................................................ 36 Approach 5 ........................................................................................................ 36 Approach 6 ........................................................................................................ 37 5. Approach 6 Discussion ................................................................................... 37 6. Potential development delivery of the approaches ......................................... 38 Approach 1 ........................................................................................................ 40 Approach 2A and 2B .......................................................................................... 41 Approach 3 ........................................................................................................ 42 Approach 4 ........................................................................................................ 44 Approach 5 ........................................................................................................ 44 Objectively Assessed Needs ............................................................................. 45 Table 5 – Cumulative development delivery ...................................................... 46 Graph 1 – Cumulative Development Delivery .................................................... 47 3 Housing Employment Balance ........................................................................... 47 7. Reasons for looking at several approaches .................................................... 48 8. Next Steps ...................................................................................................... 49 Appendix 1 ............................................................................................................ 50 Map 1 - Spatial Approaches Areas .................................................................... 51 Map 2 – Tier 1 Constraints ................................................................................ 52 Map 3 – Tier 2 Constraints ................................................................................ 53 Map 4 – Tier 1 and Tier 2 Constraints ............................................................... 54 Appendix 2 ............................................................................................................ 55 Appendix 3 ............................................................................................................ 60 Tier 1, 2 and 3 Constraints by Area ................................................................... 61 Tier 1 Constraints by Area ................................................................................. 61 Tier 2 Constraints by Area ................................................................................. 67 Tier 3 Constraints by Area ................................................................................. 81 Appendix 4 ............................................................................................................ 88 Map 5 - Broad Areas of Search ......................................................................... 89 Appendix 5 ............................................................................................................ 90 Map 6 – Development Clusters Approaches 2A and 2B .................................... 91 Map 7 – Development Clusters Approach 3 ...................................................... 92 Map 8 – Development Clusters Approach 4 ...................................................... 93 Map 9 – Development Clusters Approach 5 ...................................................... 94 4 What does this document What this document does do? not do? Identifies broad areas of search Does not identify specific sites to for meeting the development be made available for housing and needs of the District employment Shows where land use is less Does not allocate any land for constrained and could be development or say where considered available for development would go development Does not take account of the Green Considers a number of Belt policy constraint and does not approaches for the delivery of the change or suggest changing the development needs of the District boundaries to our towns and villages Sets out how many houses and how much employment land could be Does not say that one approach is delivered under different better than another approaches Uses a number of evidence bases that could be the subject of further refinement ? 1.2 This paper explores spatial approaches for the delivery of development needs. Development needs can simply be thought of as the needs for housing of all types and the need for land for employment use, of all types. An approach is a way of seeking to address those needs. This paper looks at a number of approaches. As the approaches are land use based an important part of the approach is where that land may be located in the district, or in other words, the spatial areas. 1.3 The approaches are explored through this paper and the following consultation to look at what strategy should be used to deliver an agreed level of development needs once the plan is in its final form. There are a large number of documents contributing to the Council’s thinking in terms of a Local Plan and spatial approaches are often referred within them. However, in some cases they can be referred to differently. Spatial approaches, spatial strategies, delivery strategies and approaches to the distribution of housing and employment are all referring to the same thing. 5 2.1 The purpose of this topic paper is to support the spatial approaches that the Council is consulting on under Regulation 18 of the Town and Country Planning (Local Planning)(England) Regulations 2012. This topic paper allows consultees and the Council to consider the reasonable alternatives for the Local Plan – Issues and Approaches for the district so that it can eventually make an informed decision about the approach preferred to deliver the Council’s vision and objectives. This topic paper therefore sets out an account of how the spatial approaches were arrived at, how each currently relates to the delivery requirements for housing and employment. In order to understand the sustainability of each approach the Sustainability Appraisal 2015 should be looked at. 2.2 This topic paper has been prepared in accordance with the latest evidence available to the Council at the date of publication. It is possible that the evidence may change and the planning situation may develop as the Local Plan progresses. In particular there is a real possibility that evidence in respect of housing, infrastructure and land availability will develop during the course of the Plan making process. Further, this topic paper is not designed to produce a preferred approach for the delivery strategy but instead to allow strategic approaches for the spatial distribution of development to be examined and consulted upon. 2.3