Le Contrôleur Général des Lieux de Privation de Liberté Annual Report 2018 Contents CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................................................................ 5 FOREWORD .............................................................................................................................................................. 8 CHAPTER 1 ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 PLACES OF DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY IN 2018 ........................................................................................................ 12 1. PENAL INSTITUTIONS IN 2018 ................................................................................................................................... 12 2. MENTAL HEALTH INSTITUTIONS IN 2018 ...................................................................................................................... 27 3. RECEPTION OF PEOPLE DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY AT HEALTH INSTITUTIONS IN 2018 .................................................................. 40 4. DETENTION CENTRES AND FACILITIES FOR ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS, BORDER POLICE UNITS AND WAITING AREAS IN 2018 ................ 42 5. INSPECTION AND CARRYING OUT OF FORCED REMOVALS IN 2018 ..................................................................................... 47 6. JUVENILE DETENTION CENTRES IN 2018 ....................................................................................................................... 49 7. CUSTODY FACILITIES IN 2018 .................................................................................................................................... 54 8. PRESENTATION OF PEOPLE DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY BEFORE COURTS IN 2018 ......................................................................... 59 CHAPTER 2 ............................................................................................................................................................. 62 REPORTS, OPINIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS PUBLISHED IN 2018 .................................................................... 62 1. EMERGENCY RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE SAINT-ETIENNE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL CENTRE’S PSYCHIATRIC DEPARTMENT (LOIRE) ... 62 2. OPINION OF 12 DECEMBER 2017 ON RESPECT MODULES IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS ................................................................ 63 3. THEMATIC REPORT: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS CHALLENGED BY PRISON OVERCROWDING........................................................... 64 4. OPINION OF 9 MAY 2018 BEARING ON CONFINEMENT OF CHILDREN IN DETENTION CENTRES FOR ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS ............. 65 5. OPINION OF 17 SEPTEMBER 2018 BEARING ON CONSIDERATION OF SITUATIONS OF LOSS OF AUTONOMY DUE TO AGE OR PHYSICAL DISABILITY IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 67 CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................................................. 70 ACTION TAKEN IN 2018 IN RESPONSE TO THE CGLPL’S OPINIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS ............... 70 1. METHODOLOGICAL INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 70 2. RECOMMENDATIONS ON PENAL INSTITUTIONS MADE IN 2015 ......................................................................................... 71 3. ACTION TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING MENTAL HEALTH INSTITUTIONS ISSUED IN 2015 ................... 99 4. THE RECOMMENDATIONS ISSUED FOLLOWING INSPECTIONS OF INTERREGIONAL SECURE HOSPITAL UNITS (UHSI) ..................... 115 5. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING IMMIGRATION DETENTION MADE IN 2015 .................................................................. 117 6. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING JUVENILE DETENTION CENTRES PUBLISHED IN 2015 ...................................................... 122 CHAPTER 4 ........................................................................................................................................................... 127 ACTION TAKEN IN 2018 IN RESPONSE TO THE CASES REFERRED TO THE CHIEF INSPECTORATE ............................ 127 7. VIOLATIONS OF THE CONFIDENTIALITY OF CORRESPONDENCE PRINCIPLE AND SUSPICIONS OF REPRISALS WITH REGARD TO DETAINEES 129 8. NATIONWIDE CONCERNS IDENTIFIED BY REFERRALS, A FEW EXAMPLES OF CASE REFERRALS IN 2018 ....................................... 130 9. FOLLOW-UP ON REFERRALS REVEALING VIOLATIONS OF RIGHTS, A FEW EXAMPLES FROM 2018 ............................................. 137 10. ON-SITE AND DOCUMENT-BASED VERIFICATIONS PERFORMED IN 2018 ............................................................................ 155 CHAPTER 5 ........................................................................................................................................................... 160 ASSESSMENT OF THE WORK OF THE CHIEF INSPECTOR OF PLACES OF DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY IN 2018 ........... 160 11. RELATIONS WITH PUBLIC AUTHORITIES AND OTHER LEGAL ENTITIES .................................................................................. 160 12. PUBLICATION OF THE CGLPL'S RULES OF PROCEDURE .................................................................................................. 166 13. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ..................................................................................................................................... 166 14. CASES REFERRED ................................................................................................................................................... 169 3 15. VISITS CONDUCTED IN 2018.................................................................................................................................... 193 16. RESOURCES ALLOCATED TO THE CHIEF INSPECTORATE IN 2018 ....................................................................................... 199 CHAPTER 6 ........................................................................................................................................................... 205 "TO THE CHIEF INSPECTOR..." .............................................................................................................................. 205 LETTERS RECEIVED................................................................................................................................................ 205 CHAPTER 7 ........................................................................................................................................................... 209 PLACES OF DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY IN FRANCE: STATISTICS .............................................................................. 209 1. DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY IN CRIMINAL CASES .............................................................................................................. 210 2. INVOLUNTARY COMMITTAL FOR PSYCHIATRIC TREATMENT ............................................................................................. 221 3. IMMIGRATION DETENTION ...................................................................................................................................... 224 APPENDIX 1 .......................................................................................................................................................... 229 MAP OF INSTITUTIONS AND DÉPARTEMENTS INSPECTED IN 2018 ....................................................................... 229 APPENDIX 2 .......................................................................................................................................................... 230 LIST OF INSTITUTIONS VISITED IN 2018 ................................................................................................................ 230 APPENDIX 3 .......................................................................................................................................................... 232 SUMMARY TABLE OF THE CGLPL’S PRINCIPAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE YEAR 2018 ................................... 232 APPENDIX 4 .......................................................................................................................................................... 243 INSPECTORS AND STAFF EMPLOYED IN 2018 ....................................................................................................... 243 APPENDIX 5 .......................................................................................................................................................... 246 REFERENCE TEXTS ................................................................................................................................................ 246 RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE UNITED NATIONS ON 18 DECEMBER 2002 ......................................... 246 OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO THE CONVENTION OF THE UNITED NATIONS AGAINST TORTURE AND OTHER CRUEL, INHUMAN OR DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT ........................................................................................................................................