CENSUS 1971 SERIES 2 ANDHRA PRADESH • DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK NELLORE PART X-A VILLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY PART X-B VILLAGE & TOWN PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT T. VEDANTAM OF THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SERvrclr DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS ANDHRA PRADESI-f PUBLISHED BV THE (OiOVERNMIINT 01' ANt)HRA PRAoa... 1974 The Nellore Mica belt lies between the latitudes 140 -00' and 15°--{)()' and longitudes 79°-35' and 80°-00' and extends from Ojili (16 Kms. south o/Gudur) to Udayagiri covering an area of about 1(}() Kms. X 20 Kms. The Mica pegmalites mined out 0/ the various mica minu in Nellore District are characterised as the Muscovite type which are extensively used for bridges and' spacers in electronic tuhes. Mica minillg in Nellore District commenced in 1887..4. D. In the beginnilllJ o!lly big size blocks could be marketed and the smaller Cites ,Iud to be thrown away as waste. Then came the revolutionary invention of Mr. Arthur H. S. Dyer by which thin splittings from un-utilised smaller gmdes of mica could be built up into Micanite sheets of required size and thickness •. This invention not O.,Zy saved the mica mining industry from extiIK­ tion but also solved the problem of finding suitable mica required by the electrical industry. The years between 1947 to 1968 constitute a brilliant epoch in the history of tht Nellore Mica mining when the productive capacity of the mines reached .he maximum. Since 1951, a majority of the mines in the district have been mecha­ nised. Most of the mines are tquipped with inclined haulages or winders, Mechanical ventilators, multi-stage high -lift pumps required for ihe sophisticated and efficient operations in the mines and some of the potential mines are equipptd even with the most modern type of high duty compressors. MICA MINING There are in all 114 mining leases for different major The motif displayed on the cover page of the Nellore minerals in Nellore district of which Mica command! as many as District Census Hand Book relates to Mica Mining and its 90 leases, However, only 37 out of these 90 leases are working aUied activities iii Nellore District. mines while some were abandoned ((lid some are yet to be exploited. The average annual production of mica in the district Nellore district ;s endowed with considerable quantities of has been reported to be around 5,000 (annes. Revenues to the ldica which has came IV be cc.lied the Nature's 'Wonder tune of about Rs. 2.25 laklrs IInder dead rent and over a lakh of mineral'. It is the chief producing centre in the Andhra Pradesh rupees by way of royalty 011 an the minerals produced in the Stale and ranks third coming onlyafier Bih'lr and Rajasthan in di.~tricr. including the Mica, acaue to the Government anllually. India which are quite famous in the world mineral market. India Of course mica COl/tributes the major share of these revenues. has been supplying approximarely 80% of ",orld's consumption .of Muscovite Mica and its export has bpen and is a very impor­ The 'NeTlore Green' alang with the 'Bihar Ruby' jJ in tant faclor ill the IndiLil/ economy as (J source of foreign keen demand by a number of forei!?" markets especially the exchange. highly industrialised countries like the U. S. A., the U. K., the West European countries, the U. S. S. R., jtlpan which constitute Mica is regarded as one of the world's most strategic the major importing markets for I/ldian Mica. The value of the mintrals. In view of its unique combination of electrical, annual export of mica fro,"1l Glldur Mica il/arket is put aroulld machanical and chemical properties, eren stained or lower Rs. 2.25 crores. .quality mica is id~a.lly suited for bridges and spactrs in electronic tubes. It is indispensable in aU illsulating systems of electric [t is reported that the working life of the existing mines .machinl's. ~lectrical instruments. aircraft instrumentation and in. in the Nellore Mica helt, as it apjJears today, may not last for .many other special industriesl fields. It is also reported that more than .fifteenyears. Hence. unless new mines are located «the success of the U. S. S. R.'s Spact Research was largely and the small mine owners operating small mines which are in the due to the contribution made by Mica in communication and rapid process of elimination since 1960 for want of financial insulation fields" and that Indian Mica was fOlind most suif~bl(' resources etc., are suitably assisted, this indllstry in the district. for' lise in the rockets sent to tht nwon by the scientists of which made a mark in the internarional market, may begin to rht U, S A decline. Oourtesy: SriK.. V. S. Ram,M. Be., A.I. S. M_. Mines Superintendent, Sitarama Mine3. Nelldre District_ PREFACE The District Census Handbooks which were first published at the 1951 Census proved to be very useful to the State and Central Government Departments, private arencies and academic bodies like Universities and Research Institutions. The scope of these Handbooks was enlarged to make them more useful during the I ~Ell Census. Considering the delay in the publication ()f these Hand­ books due to difficulties in finding suitable presses which could undertake huge printing work of this kind, it was considered desirable to split up the 1971 Census Handbooks into three parts }liz., Part A­ Village and Town Directory, Part B - Village and Town Primary Census Abstract and Part C­ Analytical Report, Departmental Statistics and District Census Tables. This was done mainly with a view to publishing Parts A and B which contain not only the population data upto the village and town level but also the particulars about the basic amenities etc., available in the towns and villages, as early as possible for public use. The scope and contents of these three parts are elaborated in the introduction of this volume. I am glad to record here that Parts A and B of the 1971 Census Handbooks of all the 21 Districts in the State have been finalised already and I expect that before the end of 1974 Parts A and B for all the 21 Districts would have been published. The compilation of these Handbooks is being done from the 1fJ51 Census in the Office ()f the Director of Census Operations while the cost of paper, printing, etc., required for these volumes is being born(! by the State Government. The Andhra Pradesh State Government have readily agreed to bear the cost of printing and paper for the 1971 Census Handbooks. I am grateful to the Andhra Pradesh State Government and in particular to the Additional Chief Secretary to the GoverEment of Andhra Pradesh, Shri S. A. Quader, lAS., fcr their co-operation and encouragement. I am thankful to·the Director of Printing, Government of Andhra Pradesh for assisting me by selecting suitable presses for undertaking the printing of the Handbooks. The data presented in the Village ar:d Tcwn Directories are obtained from different State Government and Central Goverrment Derartments but for whose co_operation Part-A of the Handbooks could not have been compiled. I am thankful to all of them for furnishing me the required data. I am extremely grateful to Shri A. Chandra Sekhar, lAS., Registrar General, India and Dr. B. K. Roy Burman, Deputy Registrar General, India who formulated the contents of these Hand­ books in detail and rendered spontaneous help and encouragement to me at all stages. The following staff of my Office worked on the present volume of Nellore District Census Handbook under the guidance and supervision of Shri P. S. R. Avadhany, Deputy Director of Census. Operations and Sri K. Narasimha Murthy, Assistant Director of Census Operations of my Office. Sri P. B. Sunder Raj, Tabulation Officer Smt. P. Lalitha, Tabulation Officer 1I Sri T. Brahmiah, Statistical Assistant t Drafting and Scrutiny Sri K. V. Sarma. Statistical Assistant ) ) Sri A. V. Krishna Reddy, Computor Supervision of Printing Smt. K. Subbalakshmi, Computor ) Kum. K. Anasuya, Assistant Compiler I Collection and Compilation Sri G. V. Ramachandran, Computor f Sri S. Ramakrishna, Assistant 'Compiler I J Sri Laxmiah, ,Tunior Reader, G. C. P. ) >- Proof Read£ng Sri P. Innayya, Junior Reader, G. C. P. ) ii Sri A. Venkateswara Rao, Assistant Compiler Scrutiny and supervision of maps Printing Sri M. N. Ram Mohan, Artist Supervision of Mapping Work Sri Syed Ahmed, Senior Draughtsman , " M. J. Sadiq, Draughtsman " N. G. Swamy, Draughtsman " M. Hasan, Draughtsman " M. Shankariah, Draughtsman Preparation of maps " Md. Yakub Ali, Draughtsman " B. Raghu Ram, Draughtsman Smt. Daya Saxena, Draughtsman Sri D. Koteshwara Rao, Comput~r ! I am grateful to their services. I trust that this humble effort on the part of the Census Organisation would meet with the appreciation it deserves. T. VEDANtAM Director of Censu,J Operations CONTENTS lntrod~ction PART A - VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY SECTION I - VILLAGE DIRECTORY Explanatory Note-Village Directory 5-11 Village Directory : /'Nellore Taluk 13-19 ./ Gudur Taluk 21-29 ,,/ Sullurpet Taluk 31-41 v/Venkatagiri Taluk 43-55 Rapur Taluk 57-63 Atmakur Taluk 65-71 Udayagiri Taluk 73-7f) Kavali Taluk 81-85 Kovur Taluk 87-93 Talukwise Abstract of Amenities 94-95 r SECTION II - TOWN DIRECTORY Explanatory Note-Town Directory 97-103 Town Directory : Stalement I Status, Growth History and Functional Category of Towns 104 Statement II Physical Aspects and Location ar.,Towns ; 105 Statement III Civic Finances 106 Statement IV Civic and other Amenities in Towns )07 Statement V Medical, Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities 10& Statement V[ Trade, Commerce, Industry and Banking Facilities in Towns • 109 Statement VII Population by Religion and Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes.