PhD Thesis School of Aerospace Engineering University “Sapienza” of Rome “TECHNOLOGIES AND METHODS EMPLOYED TO DESIGN A UNIVERSITY-CLASS MICROSATELLITE, ACCORDING TO ESA STANDARDS” Supervisor: PhD candidate: Prof. Filippo Graziani Fabrizio Paolillo Co-supervisor: Ing. Gabriele Mascetti XXIII ciclo a.a. 2007-2008 PhD Thesis – Fabrizio Paolillo A Stefania e alla mia famiglia. 2 PhD Thesis – Fabrizio Paolillo CONTENTS CAPITOLO I INTRODUCTION.........................................8 CAPITOLO II ESA STANDARDS APPLICATION ON UNIVERSITY-CLASS MICROSATELLITES..................11 II.1 ESA ECSS standards .................................................................................................................. 11 II.1.1 ECSS system architecture...................................................................................................... 12 II.1.2 ECSS customer-supplier model and the applicability of ECSS standards............................. 13 II.1.3 Application of ECSS Standards and the “tailoring” process.................................................. 14 II.1.4 ECSS-M standards................................................................................................................. 17 II.1.4.1 Project planning and implementation (ECSS-M-ST-10C Rev. 1 - 6 March 2009)........ 18 II.1.4.2 Cost and schedule management (ECSS-M-ST-60C (31 July 2008)) ............................. 19 II.1.4.3 Risk management (ECSS-M-00-03A) ........................................................................... 20 II.1.5 Standard ECSS-E................................................................................................................... 22 II.1.5.1 Photovoltaic assemblies and components (ECSS-E-ST-20-08C (31July2008)) ............ 22 II.1.5.2 Space environment (ECSS-E-ST-10-04C)..................................................................... 25 II.2 ESA ECSS standards application on EduSAT mission ........................................................... 29 II.2.1 ECSS System (ECSS-S) standard application on EduSAT mission ...................................... 29 II.2.2 Management ECSS (ECSS-M) standards application on EduSAT mission .......................... 30 II.2.2.1 Project planning and implementation (ECSS-M-ST-10C Rev. 1 - 6 March 2009) standard application on EduSAT mission................................................................................... 30 II.2.2.2 Cost and schedule management (ECSS-M-ST-60C (31 July 2008)) standard application on EduSAT mission.................................................................................................................... 32 II.2.2.3 Risk management (ECSS-M-00-03A) standard application on EduSAT mission ......... 35 II.2.3 Engineering ECSS (ECSS-E) standards application on EduSAT mission............................. 38 II.2.3.1 Photovoltaic assemblies and components (ECSS-E-ST-20-08C (31July2008)) standard application on EduSAT mission ................................................................................................. 38 II.2.3.2 Space environment (ECSS-E-ST-10-04C) standards application on EduSAT mission . 40 II.3 ESA ECSS standards application on BUGS experiment......................................................... 45 II.3.1 The BUGS experiment overview and objectives................................................................... 45 II.3.1 Management ECSS (ECSS-M) standards application on BUGS experiment ........................ 47 II.3.1.1 Project planning and implementation (ECSS-M-ST-10C Rev. 1 - 6 March 2009) standard application on BUGS experiment................................................................................. 47 II.3.1.2 Cost and schedule management (ECSS-M-ST-60C (31 July 2008)) standard application on BUGS experiment.................................................................................................................. 49 II.3.1.3 Risk management (ECSS-M-00-03A) standard application on BUGS experiment....... 51 II.4 ESA CDF method........................................................................................................................ 54 II.5 ESA CDF method application on SEO study ........................................................................... 56 3 PhD Thesis – Fabrizio Paolillo II.5.1 SEO mission objective and architecture ................................................................................ 57 II.5.2 SEO subsystems overview..................................................................................................... 58 II.5.3 SEO results ............................................................................................................................ 60 II.5.4 SEO GS&Ops ........................................................................................................................ 60 II.5.4.1 SEO GS&Ops Requirements and Design Drivers.......................................................... 61 II.5.4.2 SEO GS&Ops Assumptions and Trade-Offs ................................................................. 61 II.5.4.3 SEO GS&Ops Baseline Design ..................................................................................... 62 CAPITOLO III ESA ECSS MDD TO DESCRIBE EDUSAT DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES AND METHODS ................69 III.1 The ECSS Mission Description Document .............................................................................. 70 III.2 EduSAT MDD............................................................................................................................ 71 III.2.1 EduSAT mission introduction and objective........................................................................ 71 III.2.2 Edusat payloads.................................................................................................................... 72 III.2.2.1 Payloads requirements and design drivers.................................................................... 72 III.2.2.2 Analog sun sensor......................................................................................................... 73 III.2.2.3 MRFOD........................................................................................................................ 75 III.2.3 Edusat mission analysis........................................................................................................ 77 III.2.3.1 Mission analysis requirements and design drivers........................................................ 77 III.2.3.2 MIssion analysis baseline design.................................................................................. 77 III.2.3.3 EduSAT mission modes................................................................................................ 81 III.2.3.4 End of Life.................................................................................................................... 82 III.2.4 EduSAT configuration.......................................................................................................... 83 III.2.4.1 Configuration requirements and design drivers ............................................................ 83 III.2.4.2 Configuration assumptions and trade-off...................................................................... 83 III.2.4.3 Configuration baseline design ...................................................................................... 84 III.2.5 EduSAT structure................................................................................................................. 86 III.2.5.1 Structure requirements and design drivers.................................................................... 86 III.2.5.2 Structure assumptions and trade-off ............................................................................. 87 III.2.5.3 Structure baseline design .............................................................................................. 87 III.2.6 Edusat Power........................................................................................................................ 90 III.2.6.1 Power requirements and design drivers ........................................................................ 90 III.2.6.2 Power assumptions and trade-off.................................................................................. 90 III.2.6.3 Power baseline design................................................................................................... 92 III.2.7 Edusat ADCS ....................................................................................................................... 94 III.2.7.1 ADCS requirements and design drivers........................................................................ 94 III.2.7.2 ADCS baseline design ..................................................................................................95 III.2.8 Edusat OBDH....................................................................................................................... 97 III.2.8.1 OBDH requirements and design drivers ....................................................................... 97 III.2.8.2 OBDH baseline design..................................................................................................97 III.2.9 EduSAT Telecommunication system ................................................................................... 98 III.2.9.1 Telecommunications requirements and design drivers................................................. 98 III.2.9.2 Telecommunications assumptions and trade-off..........................................................