RESEARCH REPORT 1 Research Report Wattuba and Nsambya Sub-Counties, Kyankwanzi District 2 Research Report Wattuba and Nsambya Sub-Counties, Kyankwanzi District A Research to Assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on SRHR; Access to Information and Services; Legal Environment of SRHR issues and Gender Budget Analysis in Wattuba and Nsambya Sub- Counties, Kyankwanzi District. 3 Research Report Wattuba and Nsambya Sub-Counties, Kyankwanzi District “ ...gender beliefs and practices are a major hindrance to enjoyment of SRH rights.” 4 Research Report Wattuba and Nsambya Sub-Counties, Kyankwanzi District TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...............................................................................................................1 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...............................................................................................2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................3 . BACKGROUND ..........................................................................................................................6 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................6 1.1. Rationale for the KAP survey 1.2. Objectives of the survey 1.3 Specific Objectives 1.4 The definition of sexual and Reproductive Health Rights 1.5 Kyankwanzi District 1.6 Sexual and Reproductive Health services in Kyankwanzi 1.7 Challenges encountered 1.8 Methodology 1.9 The Ugandan context of SRH Rights 2. THE RESPONDENTS’ BIO-DATA ..............................................................................................18 2.1 Total survey respondents per Sub County 2.2 Marital status of respondents 2.3 Levels of education reached by respondents 2.4 Ages of the respondents in each category 3. RESPONDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS ON SRH AND SERVICES .................................21 3.1.1 Perceptions on positive body image and body integrity 3.1.2 Generalized reasons given why respondents do not love their bodies 3.1.3 Respondent’s attitude to their being male or female 3.3 Average age at which they became sexually aware, and age at which they wbegin sex 3.4 From whom do the young people get information that leads to sexual awareness? 3.5 Compared to what you know now, was the information given to you at first awareness of sexuality correct? 3.6 What was the most important information you learned when someone first talked to you about your body and sexuality? (Answered by in-school girls) 3.7 What is the right age to get a boyfriend and why? (Answered by in-school girls) 3.8 What factors were instrumental in getting respondent and peers as youth to start sex? 3.9 What do boys/men use to lure/attract girls into sexual relationships? 3.10 Other factors that lead to girls’ promiscuity from youth, continued into adulthood; Discussed and listed in order of importance in FGDs: 3.11 What girls do when they fall pregnant? 3.12 Sexual behaviours of concern as far as the district leadership is concerned (DHO, CDO, CAO, and District Planner) are: 3.12.2 Sexual behaviors of concern raised by the District and Sub County leadership 3.12.3 Programs in place to address the issues 3.13.1 Culture’s influence on sexuality 3.13.2 Cultural practices that contribute negatively to sexuality behaviour 3.3.2 Cultural practices that were identified as having negative influences are: 3.13.3 Some reasons given why the young people do not practice the cultural values and practices: 3.14 Religion’s influence on sexuality 3.14.1 In what way does your religion or faith influence you in your sexuality values and choices? 3.14.2 Give an example of how your religion or faith promotes positive sexuality values and choices 3.13.3 Give an example of how your religion or faith promotes NEGATIVE sexuality values and choices 5 Research Report Wattuba and Nsambya Sub-Counties, Kyankwanzi District 4. SRH SERVICES IN WATTUBA AND NSAMBYA SUB COUNTIES .....................................................58 4.1 Status of Sexual and Reproductive health services in the district and Sub Counties surveyed 4.2 What the respondents think about the health system, particularly the accessibility to SRH services, and what they actually do to seek care or action related to SRH; 4.2.1 Access to services 4.2.2 Quality of services 4.2.3 Access of services for young people with disability 4.2.4 MARPs 4.2.5 Strategies the district has to address gender disparities that predispose women and youth to SRH problems 4.2.6 Utilization of services 4.2.6.1 Details given on RH services which are not available in their health centres: 4.2.6.2 ANC 4.2.6.3 Deliveries 4.2.6.5 Referrals 4.2.6.6 Post- Abortion Care 4.7 Summary of baseline services and 1 year’s clientele served 4.8 From where the respondents get messages about sex and sexuality 4.8.2 Respondents’ preferred means of communication to receive about SRH 5. THE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF SRHR ....................................................................................81 5.1 Legal protection of vulnerable women by the law 5.2 What is done when such unlawful acts like child neglect happen? 5.3 Knowledge of what the law says about child care and support 5.4 Examples of cases where women or girls do not usually benefit from the law 5.5 Should you report sexual violence, where you are violated, or your child is violated? 5.6 Awareness about the law 6. HOW THE YOUTH ARE INVOLVED IN THE GENDER BUDGET ANALYSIS .......................................87 6.1 Other gender issues 6.1.1 Examples where women share in family financial decisions 6.1.2 Equal Rights between males and females 6.1.3 Are women able to make decisions about investments and personal economic goals? 7. CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................................................93 7.1. Respondents’ knowledge and perceptions on SRH services 7.2 What the respondents think about the health system particularly the accessibility to SRH services 7.3 From where the respondents get messages (though inadequate) about SRH 7.4 Respondents’ preferred means of communication do respondents to receive about SRH 7.5 The legal environment of SRHR 7.6 Involvement in the gender budget analysis; 7.7 Programme Framework 8. LESSONS LEARNED AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................................................97 8.1. Recommendations from the District 8.1.1 Recommendations by the DHO 8.1.2 Recommendations by the health In-charge 8.1.3 Recommendations by the VHTs 8.1.4 Recommendations by the Sub County Leadership 8.2 ARUWE should use the data shared below for projections and planning 8.3 Researcher’s commendations with in-put from the Youth Peer educators 8.3.2 Involve Senior women and senior men teachers as well as YPEs in BCC programs 8.4 Reduce unplanned pregnancies 8.5 Contribute to the reduction in HIV prevalence 8.6 Support with building database 8.7 Facility modifications to suit women with disabilities 8.8 Community SRH outreach camps 8.9 Knowledge of importance of ANC is low, especially among Young mothers 6 Research Report Wattuba and Nsambya Sub-Counties, Kyankwanzi District 8.10 Ambulance services 8.11 Health Facility Capacity 8.12 Access to SRH information 8.13 Take on some of the families with abused youth with disabilities as case studies 8.14 ARUWE should plan Youth involvement strategically FIGURES Figure 1: Source: Planning Unit Kyankwanzi, June 2014. Figure 2: District SRH partners in Nsambya and Wattuba Figure 3: Questionnaires and question guides designed Figure 4: How sample size was calculated Figure 5: Summary of respondents Figure 6: Total respondents Figure 7: Marital status of respondents Figure 8: Respondents’ levels of education Figure 9: Ages of correspondents Figure 10: Perceptions on body image Figure 11: Percentage whose reasons for appreciating their bodies are based on positive sexuality Figure 12: Percentage of respondents and reasons why they love their bodies Figure 13: Reasons why they do not love their bodies: This is a % of the few who said they do not love their bodies. Figure 14: Number and percentage who do not love their bodies Figure 15: Percentages and reason why they love/ do not love their bodies Figure 16: Percentage of respondent women and reasons they like about being women Figure 17: Percentage of respondents and what they do not like about being women Figure 18: Percentage of respondents and what they like about being male Figure 19: Percentage of respondents and what they do not like about being male Figure 20: Percentage of respondents and what they do not like about being women Figure 21: Percentage of respondents and what they like about being female Figure 22: Percentage of respondents and what they like about being male Figure 23: Percentage of respondents and what they do not like about being male Figure 24: Percentage of respondents and what they like about being female Figure 25: Percentage of respondents and what they do not like about being female Figure 26: Percentage of respondents and what love about being male Figure 27: Percentage of respondents and what they do not like about being male Figure 28: Percentage of adult women who chose specific responses to the common practices Figure 29: Percentage of adult men who chose specific responses to the common practices Figure 30: Percentage of In/OOS males who chose specific responses to the common practices Figure 30: Percentage of respondents and