VAC ZAMBIA Vulnerability Assessment Committee Multi-Sectoral In-Depth Vulnerability and Needs Assessment BY THE ZAMBIA VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT COMMITTEE (ZVAC) JUNE 2008 LUSAKA TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements..................................................................................................................................................................... vi Acronyms.......................................................................................................................................................................................vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................................................................viii 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and Rationale ...........................................................................................1 1.2 Main objective ...........................................................................................................1 1.2.1 Specific Objectives...............................................................................................1 1.3 Scope of the In-depth vulnerability and needs assessment...............................................1 1.4 Methods and Procedures ..................................................................................................2 1.4.1 Sampling Frame ........................................................................................................2 1.4.2 Sample Stratification and allocation..............................................................................3 1.4.3 Sample Selection.......................................................................................................3 1.4.4 First Stage Selection ..................................................................................................3 1.4.5 Second Stage Selection ..............................................................................................4 1.4.6 Weighting Procedure ..................................................................................................4 1.4.7 Estimates for Nutrition Component...............................................................................5 1.4.8 Analytical Approach .............................................................................................6 1.5 Limitations ................................................................................................................9 2.0 CONTEXT.............................................................................................................................................................................. 9 2.1 The Economy.............................................................................................................9 2.2 Agriculture and Food Security .................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 Input Distribution .............................................................................................. 10 2.2.2 Crop production, Food Supply and Access ............................................................. 11 2.2.3. National Food Supply for the 2008/09 Marketing Season ......................................... 12 2.2.4. Food Access...................................................................................................... 13 2.2.5 Livestock Situation ............................................................................................ 14 2.3 Water and Sanitation ................................................................................................ 15 2.4 Health and Nutrition ................................................................................................. 16 2.5 Education................................................................................................................ 19 2.6 Protection ............................................................................................................... 20 2.7 Infrastructure .......................................................................................................... 21 3.0 FINDINGS .............................................................................................................................................................................. 22 3.1 FOOD SECURITY ........................................................................................................... 22 3.1.1 Household Characteristics ......................................................................................... 22 3.1.2 Household Food Security .......................................................................................... 22 3.1.3 Livelihoods ............................................................................................................. 25 3.1.4 Market Situation................................................................................................ 28 3.1.5 Food Needs............................................................................................................. 30 3.2 HEALTH AND NUTRITION .......................................................................................... 30 3.3 WATER AND SANITATION.......................................................................................... 36 3.4 EDUCATION ................................................................................................................. 40 3.4.3 Household Expenditure on Education .......................................................................... 42 3.5. PROTECTION ........................................................................................................... 43 3.6. HUMAN SETTLEMENT AND SHELTER ........................................................................... 44 3.7. INFRASTRUCTURE.................................................................................................... 45 3.8. OTHER GENEREAL FINDINGS ..................................................................................... 47 4.0 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................................................................... 47 4.1. Food Security .......................................................................................................... 47 4.2. Health and Nutrition ................................................................................................. 48 4.3. Water and Sanitation ............................................................................................... 48 4.4. Education................................................................................................................ 48 4.5. Protection ............................................................................................................... 48 4.6. Human Settlement and Shelter .................................................................................. 48 4.7. Infrastructure .......................................................................................................... 49 4.8. General Findings ...................................................................................................... 49 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................................................ 53 Zambia Vulnerability Assessment Committee – 2008 ii ANNEXES........................................................................................................................................................................................ 55 Annex 1: Districts Assessed and Team Composition .................................................................................................. 55 Annex 2.1: Copy of Household Questionnaire............................................................................................................... 57 Annex 2.2: Copy of Community Questionnaire............................................................................................................. 79 Annex 3: Map showing Food Needs Areas and areas put under Monitoring..................................................... 91 Annex 4: Districts targeted for Food Relief Distribution .................................................................................. 92 Annex 5: Water and Sanitation Needs.............................................................................................................................. 93 Annex 6: Seasonal Calender ........................................................................................................................................ 95 Annex 7: Maps Showing Severely Affected Wards............................................................................................. 98 Annex 8: Map Showing Assessed Districts.................................................................................................................... 104 Zambia Vulnerability Assessment Committee – 2008 iii List of Tables Table 2.1: Input Distribution through Support Programmes …………………………………………….10 Table 2.2. National Maize Balance Situation 2008/09 vs. 2007/08 marketing season………12 Table 3.2.1: Distribution of age and sex………………………………………………………………………….….30 Table 3.2.2: Prevalence of Acute malnutrition