Asia Region Data Collection Survey on Advanced Industrial Human Resource Development in Central Asia Final Report July 2017 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) O.P.C Corporation Global Development & Management Consultants Inc. 3R JR 17-022 Location Map of the Survey Sites Surveyed 5 Countries（Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyz） Areas of the First Field Survey Areas of the Second Field Survey Asia Region Data Collection Survey on Advanced Industrial Human Resource Development in Central Asia Final Report Location Map of the Survey Sitesi List of Tables and Figures .................................................................................................... viii List of Annexes ...................................................................................................................... xii List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. xiii Photos of the Field Survey .................................................................................................. xvii 1. Outline and Background of the Field Survey .................................................................. 1 1.1. Background and Objectives of the Survey ....................................................... 1 1.1.1. Background of the Survey ................................................................................ 1 1.1.2. Objectives of the Survey ................................................................................... 1 1.1.3. Main Components of the Work ......................................................................... 2 1.1.4. Geographical Areas of the Survey .................................................................... 2 1.1.5. Methodology of the Survey ............................................................................... 2 1.2. Outline of the Target Area ................................................................................. 3 1.2.1. Outline of the Target Area ................................................................................. 3 1.2.2. Participation in International Organizations ...................................................... 3 1.2.3. "Central Asia + Japan" Dialogue ...................................................................... 5 1.2.4. Import / Export Values in Each Country ........................................................... 5 1.2.5. Logistics Efficiency ........................................................................................... 7 1.2.6. International Competitiveness .......................................................................... 8 1.2.7. Human Resources ............................................................................................ 9 2. Kazakhstan .................................................................................................................... 11 2.1. Needs for Industry Human Resources ............................................................ 11 2.1.1. Present Status of the Economy ....................................................................... 11 2.1.2. Industrial Promotion and Prioritized Industrial Areas of Kazakhstan ............. 13 2.1.3. Current Status of Private Companies in the Manufacturing Industry ............. 15 2.1.4. Japanese Companies’ Presence and the Fields of Investment ..................... 22 2.1.5. Industrial Human Resources Needs of Local Industry ................................... 26 2.1.6. Sectors to be Intervened for Further Human Resource Development for Industrial Promotion ........................................................................................ 27 2.2. Outline of the Education Sector...................................................................... 28 2.2.1. Basic Data for Education ................................................................................ 28 i 2.2.2. Education Policy and Education Law ............................................................. 28 2.2.3. Education System ........................................................................................... 32 2.2.4. Education Administration ................................................................................ 33 2.2.5. Issues of Education Sector for Industrial Human Resource Development .... 36 2.2.6. Vision of Educational Reform ......................................................................... 37 2.3. Higher Education Institution in the Science and Engineering Field ............... 39 2.3.1. Outline of Educational institutions for Higher Education ................................ 39 2.3.2. Current Situation and Issues Facing Higher Education Institutions in the Science and Engineering Field ....................................................................... 39 2.3.3. Information on Major Higher Education Institutions in the Science and Engineering Field ............................................................................................ 41 2.4. Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) .................................... 49 2.4.1. History of TVET .............................................................................................. 49 2.4.2. Outline of TVET .............................................................................................. 49 2.4.3. Survey Visit Results ........................................................................................ 52 2.4.4. Issues and Prospects of TVET ....................................................................... 54 2.5. Donor Assistance in the Industrial Human Resource Development Field ..... 55 2.5.5. Overview of Donors in the Education Sector ................................................. 55 2.5.6. Overview of Donors in the Industrial and Private Sectors.............................. 55 2.5.7. Donor’s Current Information ........................................................................... 56 2.6. Analysis of Contents of Support by Japan ..................................................... 62 2.6.1. Kazakhstan Policy .......................................................................................... 62 2.6.2. Assistance Policy to Kazakhstan .................................................................... 63 2.6.3. Analyzing Issues related to Advanced Industrial Human Resource Development................................................................................................... 66 2.6.4. Selected Approaches to Solve Priority Issues in Advanced Industrial Human Resource Development in Kazakhstan .......................................................... 80 3. Uzbekistan .................................................................................................................... 84 3.1. Needs for Industry Human Resources ........................................................... 84 3.1.1. Present Status of the Economy ...................................................................... 84 3.1.2. Industrial Promotion and Prioritized Industrial Areas of Uzbekistan .............. 86 3.1.3. Current status of SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) in the Manufacturing Industry ................................................................................... 89 3.1.4. Japanese Companies’ Presence and the Fields of Investment ..................... 97 3.1.5. Industrial Human Resources Needs of Local Industry ................................. 100 3.1.6. Sectors to be Intervened for Further Human Resource Development for Industrial Promotion ...................................................................................... 101 ii 3.2. Outline of the Education Sector.................................................................... 104 3.2.1. Basic Data for Education .............................................................................. 104 3.2.2. Education Policy and Law ............................................................................ 104 3.2.3. Education System ......................................................................................... 108 3.2.4. Education Administration ............................................................................... 110 3.2.5. Issues in the Education Sector for Industrial Human Resources Development ....................................................................................................................... 111 3.2.6. Vision for Educational Reform ....................................................................... 113 3.3. Higher Education Institutions in the Fields of Science and Engineering ...... 115 3.3.1. Current Situation and Issues of in Higher Education Institutions in the Fields of Science and Engineering .............................................................................. 115 3.3.2. Information on Major Higher Education Institutions in the Fields of Science and Engineering .................................................................................................... 116 3.4. Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) .................................. 128 3.4.1. History of TVET ............................................................................................ 128 3.4.2. Outline of TVET ............................................................................................ 129 3.4.3. Survey Visit Results ...................................................................................... 131 3.4.4. Issues and Prospects of TVET ....................................................................