ANNU AL REPORT OF -THE DIRECTOR ~19591 PAN AMERICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION Pan American Sanitary Bureau-Regional Office of the WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PAN AMERICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION Official Documents July 1960 No. 34 'W,t',D XED ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR of the PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE AMERICAS of the WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 1959 PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU Regional Office of the World Health Organization 1501 New Hampshire Avenue, N. W. Washington 6, D. C. i To the Member States of the Pan American Health Organization I have the honor to transmit herewith the Annual Report of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization, for the year 1959. This Report covers the work of the Washington Office as well as a summary of the projects implemented in collaboration with the governments of Member States and with other international organizations. The Financial Report for the year is submitted separately. Respectfully yours, c--·------- Abraham Horwitz Director ii ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1959 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Director's Introduction ........................................ ix Public Health Administration Integrated Health Services ........................................ 3 Health Statistics ........................................ 8 Environmental Sanitation .................................... .... 13 Maternal and Child Health ..................................... ... 19 Nursing Services ........................................ 21- Nutrition ........................................ 23 Dental Health ........................................ 27 Health Education ........................................ 28 Other Activities ........................................ 28 Education and Training Professional Education .................................... .... 32 Fellowships ........................................ 41 Disease Control and Eradication Malaria Eradication ........................................ 51 Aedes aegypti Eradication and Yellow Fever ............................ 58 Smallpox ........................................ 64 Rabies ........................................ 68 Poliomyelitis ........................................ 70 Leprosy ........................................ 73 Tuberculosis ........................................ 75 Treponematoses ........................................ 76 Filarial Diseases ........................................ 78 Plague ..................................................................... 79 Public Health Laboratories .................................... .... 80 Food, Drug, and Biologics Control .................................... 81 Pan American Zoonoses Center .. .................................. 82 Pan American Foot-and-Mouth Disease Center........................ 87 Mycoses ........................................ 89 Information and Publications .................................... .... 90 Organizational Meetings and Transactions .................................... 93 Organizational Structure and Administrative Developments ........................................ 97 Appendix ........................................ 105 Index ........................................ 127 iv ABBREVIATIONS CDC Communicable Disease Center FAO Food and Agriculture Organization ICA International Cooperation Administration INCAP Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama OAS Organization of American States OAS/TA Organization of American States-Technical Assistance PAHO Pan American Health Organization PASB Pan American Sanitary Bureau PASC Pan American Sanitary Conference SCISP Inter-American Cooperative Public Health Service UN United Nations UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and- Cultural Organization UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund UN/TA United Nations-Technical Assistance USPHS United States Public Health Service WHO World Health Organization WHO/TA World Health Organization-Technical Assistance v ILLUSTRATIONS Page Page Number and Type of International Consultants in Malaria eradication in the Americas, December 1959, Integrated Health Projects, 1959, Table.................. 1 M ap ........................................ 50 Location of Projects of Integrated Health Services, Summary of testing for anopheline resistance by with Year Established, Map ........................................ 2 species and insecticide in the Americas, to December Plan of Organization for Integrated Health Services in 31, 1959, Table ................................ ........ 51 Honduras, Figure ........................................................ 5 Anopheline resistance to dieldrin and DDT in the Number and type of personnel completing courses in Americas to December 31, 1959, Table .................... 52 integrated health projects, 1959, Table.................. 6 Status of the Aedes aegypti eradication campaign, Courses for public health nurses and for nursing December 1959, Map ........................................ 59 auxiliaries completed in 1959 in integrated health Summary of the Aédes aegypti Eradication campaign in projects, Table ........................................................... 7 the Americas, from its start through December 1959 Courses for sanitary inspectors completed in 19595 in or latest reported month, Table ................................ 60-61 integrated health projects, Table................................ 8 Reported cases of yellow fever in the Americas, Population (in millions) of the world, the Americas, 1950-1959, Table ........................................ 62 and three regions of the Americas, 1920 and 1940, Reported cases of jungle yellow fever in the Americas, and estimated population 1960, 1980, 2000, Table.... 9 and location, by major political divisions of each Percentage distribution of population in the Amerícas country, 1958 and 1959, Map .................................... 63 by region, 1920-2000, Table ...................................... 9 Reported cases of smallpox in the Americas, by major Growth of population in three regions of the Americas, political divisions of each country, 1959, Map........ 64 1920-1960, and estimated growth, 1950-2000, Figure 9 Reported cases of smallpox in the Americas, by Reported cases of quarantinable diseases in the country, 1950-1959, Table ........................................ 65 Americas, 1959, Table ................................................ 10 Number of smallpox vaccinations in the Americas, by Country of origin of students in courses on vital and country, 1958 and 1959, Table .................................. 66 health statistics, Chile, 1953-1959, Table................ 10 Production of smallpox vaccine in 20 countries in the Country of origin of students in courses on classi- Americas in 1957, 1958, and first half of 1959, fication, 1954-1959, Table ........................................ 11 Table ........................................ 67 Per cent of total deaths that occur in infancy and early Rabies in man, 1958, Table ........................................ 68 childhood in the three regions of the Americas, Reported cases of rabies in man in the Americas, 1958, 1956, Figure ................................................................ 14 M ap ........................................ 69 Deaths of children under 5 years of age per 100,000 Reported cases of rabies in animais in the Americas, population, by groups of causes, in the three regions 1958, M ap ........................................ 69 of the Americas, 1956, Figure ................................... 14 Rabies in animals, 1958, Table ........................................ 69 Per cent of Population without water service in cities Rabies materials purchased for countries, 1959, with 2,000 or more inhabitants in countries of the Table ........................................ 70 Americas, Figure .......................................................... 14 Reported cases of poliomyelitis per 100,000 population Estimated number and per cent of population lacking in the Americas, Canada and the United States, and water service in cities of 18 Latin American the rest of the Americas, 1945-1959, Figure............ 71 countries in 1958, by country and size of cities,Table 15 Reported cases of poliomyelitis and rates per 100,000 Sanitation activities associated with public health population in the Americas, 1955-1959, Table............ 72 services in Guanajuato (Mexico-22), Table................ 17 Prevalence of leprosy in Central America and Panama, Place of nursing unit in health services of 19 countries 1958 and 1959, by country or area, Table................ 74 in Latin America, Table............................................ 22 Distribution of known cases of leprosy in Central Fellowship awards in theAmericas, bycountryoforigin America and Panama, by clinical form (cases re- and type of training, 1959, Table................................ 41 corded up to 1959), Table................................... 74 Fellows from other regions commencing studies in the Reported cases of plague in the Americas, 1955-1959, Americas in 1959, by type of training, Table............ 42 Table ........................................ 79 Fellowships awarded in the Americas and arrivals from Reported cases of plague in the Americas, and location, other regions, by country of origin and field of study, by major political divisions of each country, 1958 1959, Table .................................................................