Welcomes you to the session Virtualization for Developers Speaker Michael Fischer Copyright ©2008 Fischer & Consultants GmbH (F&C) Martinstrasse 1 44137 Dortmund Germany www.appfact.de [email protected] 1 Virtualization for Developers Inhalt 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine 6. Virtual Disks 2. More Machines 7. Virtual Networks 3. Basics 8. P2V and V2V 4. Market Overview 5. Scenarios for Developers Slide 2 Abstract: Virtualization for Developers Every good session starts with a sample. In part one of this this series about virtualization, Michael Fischer builds a virtual machine from scratch. Based on this example Michael covers the basics of virtualization: . What’s the difference between virtualization and emulation . What’s the difference between a virtualization layer and hyper visor . How do virtual disks and virtual networks work? And he answers probably the most important question: What do I need this for? Part II is dedicated to real world scenarios for developers: . Converting existing physical machines into virtual machines . Building test machines for developers and QA staff The session will conclude by building a complete team of virtualmachines which emulate a high availability SQL database cluster. 2 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Steps: n Get the VMware Eval from www.VMware.com and install it n Create a root directory C:\VirtualMachines n Create a subdirectory \Images n Convert a Windows CD into an ISO image in the \Images directory n Define the virtual machine n Install Windows from the ISO image n Install VMware Tools n Make your first snapshot Slide 3 We will use VMware Workstation 6 for all examples in this presentation. Working with ISO images •Most pre-installed CD Software can convert a physical CD into an ISO image •Freeware: LC ISO Creator (www.lucersoft.com/freeware.php) •UltraISO (www.ezbsystems.com/ultraiso/main.htm) •WinISO (www.winiso.com) •WinImage (www.winimage.com) This tool can also mount Microsoft Virtual PC Harddisks (.VHD) like VMwares feature 3 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Start the Assistant Slide 4 Start the New, Virtual Machine assistant from the File menu. We will use the Custom option to see our options. 4 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Choose the Hardware Compatibility and the Designated Guest OS Slide 5 OS Version 64bit Clients are only supported if you have a suited processor and chip set on your host’s mainboard. From a Steve Herrod’s blog on VMware.com: „For AMD-based systems, the processors must be Athlon64 or Opteron Rev E or later. For Intel-based systems, the processors must include support for Intel’s Virtualization Technology (EM64T). …If you‘re interested in a lightish version of the details, Wikipedia has some pretty good articles on AMD64 and EM64T.” In addition, the BIOS must support a 64 bit hardware virtualization option that you probably need to switch on in the bios settings. It is disabled by default on all notebooks and desktop machines I have seen. The host OS does not have to be a 64bit version in order to run a 64bit guest OS! 5 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Specify Name, Location and Number of Processors Slide 6 You can have a maximum of two processors (cores) available in the virtual machine. This processors (cores) must be provided by the host. 6 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Set Memory Requirements and Network Type Slide 7 Memory The VMs are consuming physical memory of the host systems. This leads to a simple rule: you cannot have to much memory in your physical machine, when you work with VMs. This is especially true when working with production mode VMs on a server. VMware supports swapping of currently unused memory between VMs,which helps you to squeeze in more concurrent VMs on you host –at the cost of a performance penalty. See Edit, Preferences, Memory. Network Type We will get to the network types and what they mean later on. 7 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Let’s Talk About the Virtual Disk Slide 8 Follow the recommendations for the I/O adapter and disk type (next slide) unless you know what you are doing and have read about your options in the manual. VMware will recommend different settings depending on the guest OS you have chosen before. There are more slides about virtual disks later on. 8 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Let’s Talk About the Virtual Disk Slide 9 Disk Capacity Start your VMware tests with growing disks. That will save you alot of space on your host. And don’t be to shy with their initial size. Although there are ways to grow a fixed size disk later on, it involves partition managers and is a tedious task. There is no practical reason to start them to small. 9 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Let’s Talk About the Virtual Disk Slide 10 You can put the new virtual disk in a separate folder on the host file system. There is a scenario for this: Using a virtual disk for data thatis shared by several virtual machines (which cannot concurrently use the disk). It isa good practice to store these shared disks in a separate folder structure. Most likely, you will create this virtual disks with the Add Hardware Wizzard from the Virtual Machine Settings. 10 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Add more Virtual Hardware n Add Hardware Wizzard from VM Settings if you need more virtual hardware from the start n You need to connect the virtual CD-ROM with the ISO image of the guest OS installation Slide 11 After the machine has been created, you can immediately start it. Even without a CD-ROM. It will behave like a new computer without an OS installed and with no CD-ROM inserted. Take a look at the settings of the virtual BIOS. To enter the virtual BIOS, click into the starting machine and press <F2>. You need to be quick. The screen shot shows a new virtual CD-ROM drive which is connected to an ISO image. The image contains CD1 of the Windows 2003 Server installation set which is used in the following screens. 11 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Install the Guest OS Slide 12 The virtual machine boots from the ISO image on the hosts file system! 12 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Install the Guest OS Slide 13 The virtual machine reboots during the installation process justlike a physical machine. 13 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Install the Guest OS Slide 14 During installation you might need to insert a new CD. To do so,switch to Summary View, double-click on the CD-ROM device and change the ISO image. 14 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Install the Guest OS Slide 15 With a bridged network of the virtual machine, it will be able to share your network resources (DHCP, internet access) from the start. So your installation may include the initial Windows update. 15 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Install the VMware Tools in the Virtual Machine Slide 16 Select VM, Install VMware Tools … from the menu. It will provide a virtual CD-ROM drive to the virtual machine with the VMware Tools setup programon it and automatically start the installation process. 16 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine VMware Tools n Optimized display driver à faster, enables guest screen autofit to VMware window n Optimized network driver à up to 1Gbit depending on the host adapter n Automatic date & time sync with the host n Shared folders support n Scripting support for VM events e.g. retrieve new IP address from DHCP after being suspended and resumed n Shrinking of virtual hard disks Slide 17 17 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Create the First Snapshot to Secure Your Work Slide 18 18 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Windows Activation Slide 19 19 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Windows Activation n Retail keys from MSDN subscriptions allow a limited number of activations n Volume license keys VA 1.0 from MSDN subscriptions allow unlimited activations for Windows XP n Volume license keys VA 2.0 MAK allow for a limited number of activations n Must read paper available on MSDN: Microsoft’s Software Protection Platform: Planning Activation in Software Development Environments n The full story (47 pages!) on MSDN: Windows Vista Volume Activation 2.0 Step-By-Step Guide n Retail and volume license versions have different installation images! n Rumor has it that there are MAK killers on the internet Slide 20 20 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Windows Activation n You will have to reactivate your Windows each time you make significant changes to the hardware of the virtual machine n VMware warns you about this fact and recommends to postpone Windows activation until you have finalized your machine configuration n The warning appears whenever you start the new machine until you suppress the tip Slide 21 21 Virtualization for Developers 1. Creating a New Virtual Machine Sharing Files with the Rest of the World n Internet, FTP etc. n NET USE (network shares) n Shared Folders n Mount virtual disks from the host (only when the virtual machine is down) Slide 22 To mount a virtual disk on the host, select File, Map or Disconnect Virtual Disks… 22 Virtualization for Developers 1.