E1827 v6 Public Disclosure Authorized THE MINISTRY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN Public Disclosure Authorized CLOSURE AND REHABILITATION OF GARADAGH AND SURAKHANI LANDFILLS ENVIRONMENTAL and SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FINAL DRAFT REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized March 2012 Public Disclosure Authorized ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AG Azerbaijan Government ARP “Ecological Rehabilitation of Absheron” Project SOCAR State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic CSSWM Common System for Solid Waste Management SWM Solid Waste Management SWMC Solid Waste Management Company WB World Bank AIE Assessment of Impact on Environment ESIA Environment and Social Impact Assessment EPSM Environment and Plan of Social Management ASIE Assessment of Social Impact on Environment Complex Plan of Activities for the Improvement of the Ecological SEP Situation in Azerbaijan Republic in 2006-2010 Short – State Ecological Programme TECG Thermal Effect Creating Gases EE Ecological Expertise LFG Landfill Gases MED Ministry of Economic Development EP Executive Power MENR Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources NGO Non-Government Organisation OI Operational Instructions SIA Social Impact Assessment UEIP Urgent Ecological Investment Project DHPU Department of Housing and Public Utilities DHPS Department of Housing and Public Services FS and CD Feasibility Study and Conceptual Design 2 LIST OF CONTENT ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...................................................................................... 2 LIST OF CONTENT ..................................................................................................................... 3 LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... 7 LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... 7 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 8 1.1. INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROJECT AND THE PROJECT TARGETS ........... 8 1.2. APPLICATION OF ESIA PROCEDURES FOR THE ISWMP ................................... 9 1.3. PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................... 12 1.4. THE PROJECT STRUCTURE ................................................................................... 13 2. PROJECT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................... 15 2.1. MAİN GOALS OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................... 15 2.2. EXISTING SURAKHANY AND GARADAGH LANDFILLS ................................ 15 2.2.1. GARADAGH LANDFILL .................................................................................. 16 2.2.2. SURAKHANY LANDFILL ................................................................................ 16 2.3. PROPERTIES OF WASTES DUMPED ON TO GARADAGH AND SURAKHANY WASTE LANFILLS .......................................................................................................... 17 2.3.1. GARADAGH LANDFILL .................................................................................. 17 2.3.2. SURAKHANY LANDFILL ................................................................................. 19 2.4. ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATİVE REAHBILITATION ACTIVITIES PLAN. SELSCTION OF ADVANTAGEOUS PROJECT SOLUTION ....................................... 21 2.4.1. SURAKHANY LANDFILL ................................................................................ 21 2.4.1.1. REHABILITATION OF THE SURAKHANYY LANDFILL WITH AN AIM OF USING THE SITE AS WASTE TREATMENT AREA. GENERAL PLAN ......................................... 22 2.4.2. GARADAGH LANDFILL .................................................................................. 26 2.4.2.1. REHABILITATION OF THE GARADAGH LANDFILL WITH AN AIM OF USING THE SITE AS WASTE TREATMENT AREA. GENERAL PLAN ................................................ 27 2.5. STAGES OF THE CLOSURE/REHABILITATION PLANS OF SURAKHANY AND GARADAGH LANDFILLS .................................................................................... 31 2.5.1. SURAKHANY LANDFILL ................................................................................ 31 2.5.1.1. WASTER FORMATION ................................................................................. 31 2.5.1.2. PERIMETRIC EMBANKMENT ........................................................................ 31 2.5.1.3. TOP (FINAL) COVER ................................................................................... 31 2.5.1.4. LEACHATE MANAGEMENT ......................................................................... 33 2.5.1.5. BIOGAS MANAGEMENT .............................................................................. 34 2.5.1.6. FLOOD PROTECTION WORKS ....................................................................... 34 2.5.1.7. LANDSCAPE DESIGN ................................................................................... 35 2.5.2. GARSDAGH LANDFILL .................................................................................. 35 2.5.2.1. WASTER FORMATION ................................................................................. 35 2.5.2.2. PERIMETRIC EMBANKMENT ........................................................................ 35 2.5.2.3. TOP (FINAL) COVER ................................................................................... 35 2.5.2.4. LEACHATE MANAGEMENT ......................................................................... 35 2.5.2.5. BIOGAS MANAGEMENT .............................................................................. 36 3 2.5.2.6. FLOOD PROTECTION WORKS ....................................................................... 36 2.5.2.7. LANDSCAPE DESIGN ................................................................................... 36 2.6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ....................................................................... 36 3. THE LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK .................................................... 38 3.1. APLICATION OF WB’S SAFETY POLICY FOR THE PROJECT ........................ 38 3.2. EUROPIAN REGULATION ON WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ESIA ................ 40 3.2.1 EU WASTE MANAGEMENT LEGISLATION ...................................................... 40 3.2.2. EC REGULATIONS RELATED TO EIA AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING .... 42 3.3. OVERALL RELEVANT AZERBAIJAN LEGISLATION ....................................... 42 3.4. LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF WASTE MANAGEMENT .......................................... 44 3.4.1. COMMENTARY TO THE CORRESPONDING LEGISLATION ................................. 45 3.4.1.1 “LAW ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION” OF REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN ........................................................................................................... 45 3.4.1.2. LAW "ON INDUSTRIAL AND DOMESTIC WASTES" OF REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN ........................................................................................................... 45 3.4.1.3. "RULES OF REGULATING THE SETTLEMENT AREAS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SANITARY RULES, HYGIENIC AND ECOLOGICAL NORMATIVES, TEMPORARY STORAGE, REGULAR TRANSPORTATION AND PROCESSING OF DOMESTIC WASTE” .... 48 3.4.1.4. “RULES OF DETERMINATION OF THE CHARGES FOR COLLECTION, PLACEMENT, USE AND DISPOSAL OF WASTES”. ........................................................ 48 3.4.1.5. CLASSIFICATION OF WASTE ....................................................................... 49 3.5. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN THE AREA OF WASTE MANAGEMENT 49 3.6. REGULATORY STANDARDS AND RULES.......................................................... 52 3.7. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT POLICY AND LEGISLATION ......... 53 3.8. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN DISCUSSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES .. 55 3.8.1. NON-GOVERMEN ORGANIZATIONS (NGOS) .................................................. 55 4. CURRENT ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................ 56 4.1. THE CLIMATIC PECULIARITIES AND ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION ............. 56 4.1.1. ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION STATUS ......................................................... 58 4.2. GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE .................................................................................. 59 4.2.1. GARADAG PROJECT SITE ............................................................................... 59 4.2.2. SURAKHANY PROJECT SITE ........................................................................... 60 4.3. HYDROLOGY ........................................................................................................... 60 4.4. HYDROGEOLOGY ................................................................................................... 61 4.4.1. GARADAGH PROJECT SITE ............................................................................. 64 4.4.2. SURAKHANY PROJECT SITE ........................................................................... 64 4.5. LANDSCAPES AND SOILS ..................................................................................... 64 4.5.1. LANDSCAPES ................................................................................................ 64 4.5.2. SOILS ............................................................................................................ 65 4.5.2.1. GARADAGH PROJECT SITE .........................................................................