This study was conducted by the Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center with the support and supervision of the International Recovery Platform Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center Editors: Nazamuddin, Teuku Alvisyahrin, Sarah Willis Researchers: Agussabti (Livelihood), Moch. Afifuddin (Housing), Abdullah (Infrastructure), Taqwaddin (Governance) Research Assistants: Indra, Sulaiman Tripa, Evi Lisna (Livelihood), Cut Mutiawati, Nafisah Alhuda, Febriyanti Maulina (Housing) Amir Fauzi, Gartika Setia Nugraha, Yus Yudhiantoro (Infrastructure), Yanis Rinaldi, M. Insa Ansari (Governance) International Recovery Platform Sanjaya Bhatia, Knowledge Management Officer Yasuo Kawawaki, Senior Recovery Expert Gerald E. Potutan, Recovery Expert The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the IRP partners. The information and advice contained in this publication is provided as general guidance only. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information. This publication may be freely quoted but acknowledgement of source is requested. INTERNATIONAL RECOVERY PLATFORM RECOVERY STATUS REPORT Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004: Recovery in Banda Aceh January 2012 INTERNATIONAL RECOVERY PLATFORM | Recovery Status Report Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004: RECOVERY IN BANDA ACEH TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................... I LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................... III LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................. VI FOREWORD ..................................................................................................................................... VII ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................. VIII CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 2 : RECOVERY PROCESSES ............................................................................................. 3 2.1. Brief Summary of the Aceh Tsunami Impacts ............................................................................ 3 2.2. Emergency Response, Reconstruction, and transition to long-term sustainable development .... 3 2.3. Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 4 2.4. General Status of Aceh-wide Recovery ..................................................................................... 5 2.4.1. Livelihood ............................................................................................................................................5 2.4.2. Shelter/Housing ..................................................................................................................................5 2.4.3. Infrastructure ......................................................................................................................................6 2.4.4. Governance .........................................................................................................................................7 CHAPTER 3 : SECTOR-SPECIFIC RECOVERY AND CASE STUDY ......................................................... 9 3.1. Livelihood ................................................................................................................................ 9 3.1.1. Case Study 1: The Impact of Livelihood Programs on a Poor Fishing Community in Baitussalam Sub District, Aceh Besar .......................................................................................................................... 10 3.1.2. Case Study 2: Profile of Microfinance Institutions in Teumareum, Aceh Jaya ................................ 21 3.1.3. Case Study 3: Home Industry, Small and Medium-Sized Businesses: A Case Study of Traditional Cake-Making, Weaving, and Brick-Making in Mireuk Taman, Darussalam Sub-District, Aceh Besar District .............................................................................................................................................. 28 3.2. Housing ................................................................................................................................. 31 3.2.1. Case Study 1: Community Participation in Rebuilding Homes (Case Study in Blang Oi Village, Meuraxa Sub-District) ...................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.2. Case Study 2: Uninhabited Aid Houses (Case Study in Desa Kajhu, Aceh Besar District) ................ 34 3.2.3. Case Study 3: Community Satisfaction Level Regarding Aid Houses: A Case Study of the Indonesia- China Friendship Village ................................................................................................................... 46 3.3. Infrastructure ........................................................................................................................ 54 3.3.1. Case Study 1: Revitalization of Clean Water Services by PDAM Tirta Mountala, Siron Branch, Aceh Besar ................................................................................................................................................. 54 TABLE OF CONTENTS i INTERNATIONAL RECOVERY PLATFORM | Recovery Status Report Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004: RECOVERY IN BANDA ACEH 3.3.2. Case Study 2: Reconstruction of Ulee Lheue Port ........................................................................... 64 3.3.3. Case Study 3: Reconstruction of Schools in Meuraxa Sub-District, Banda Aceh ............................. 69 3.4. Governance ........................................................................................................................... 76 3.4.1. Case Study 1: Post-Tsunami Strengthening of Village Government: A Case Study in Lambada Lhok .......................................................................................................................................................... 76 3.4.2. Case Study 2: Participatory Land Mapping and Certification to Clarify Land Ownership in Tsunami Impacted Areas (A Case Study in Kecamatan Baitussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar) ....................... 84 3.4.3. Case Study 3: Coordination between Governmental and Non-Governmental Organizations in Post- Tsunami Coastal Recovery: A Case Study in Baitussalam Sub-District, Aceh Besar ......................... 89 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................... 99 TABLE OF CONTENTS ii INTERNATIONAL RECOVERY PLATFORM | Recovery Status Report Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004: RECOVERY IN BANDA ACEH LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1. (a) and (b) Mangrove conditions before the tsunami in Desa Lambada Lhok (Photo: Indra, 8 October 2004, location north side of TPI), (c) Mangrove conditions post-tsunami (Photo of the same place, 7 December 2005, (d) Current conditions (Photo of the same place, 17 December 2010). ........... 12 Figure 3.2 JICA aid boats in Desa Lambada Lhok, 18 September 2005 ...................................................... 13 Figure 3.3 (a) A pond in Desa Lamnga under rehabilitation (Photo: 6 December 2005), (b) and (c) Dissemination of soft crab cultivation by the Serasih Foundation in cooperation with BBAP Ujung Batee (Photo location: pond before Lamnga Bridge, 6 December 2005), (d) Current conditions, no more crab cultivation (Photo location same as (b), 19 December 2010). ................................................................... 14 Figure 3.4 Venn diagram of Community Perception of Institutions Working in Desa Lambada Lhok (Source: Profile Desa Lambada Lhok, 2006) ............................................................................................... 16 Figure 3.5 Fishermen's wives search for shrimp and scallops in the river, an activity called kemeukup in the local dialect (Photo: Before the tsunami in Lambada Lhok Village, 5 October 2004) ......................... 18 Figure 3.6(a) Planting mangroves in ponds using a Pond Moat Pattern.(b) Planting mangroves in ponds using a Komplangan Pattern ...................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 3.7 Map of Meuraxa sub-district ..................................................................................................... 32 Figure 3.8 Roads destroyed by the tsunami ............................................................................................... 32 Figure 3.9 Current Conditions of Houses ................................................................................................... 33 Figure 3.10 Home and residential reconstruction concept ........................................................................ 44 Figure 3.11 Design Policy ............................................................................................................................ 45 Figure 3.12 Level of satisfaction with aid houses ....................................................................................... 48 Figure 3.13 Level of satisfaction with former houses ...............................................................................