NOV.2019 8, 2018–JAN. 23, 2020 Amerika Samoa Lunar Calendar About This Calendar well as the Apia Fisheries Fishing Methods in American Samoa by David Division. In 2010, the Herdrich, MA, and Karen Armstrong, PhD, 2008 Council contracted SSI’s (American Samoa Historic Preservation Office); Okenaisa Fauolo, Teleiai The Samoa Islands: Material Culture by Augustin Ausage and Apisaloma Krämer, 1995; and Samoan Proverbs on Fishing Toleloa to conduct (http://scanman9.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/ research throughout sitebuilderfiles/alagaupu2.htm). Tutuila as well as Upolu The moon phases in this calendar are for Pago Pago and Manono in Samoa. harbor as calculated by the HM Nautical Almanac In 2012, the Council (astro.ukho.gov.uk/websurf). The tide charts with contracted Q-Mark moon rise and set times were provided by OceanFun Research to conduct Publishing, NZ. a focus group on the American Samoa fishing The front cover is by American Samoa artist Duffy community’s viewpoints Hudson. It portrays the legend of Sina, a Samoan about the calendars to girl who was the most beautiful woman in all of the inform future productions. islands, and Tuna, a common freshwater eel of the South Pacific islands that inhabits many island streams. The 2019 Amerika Samoa Young larval tuna spend their early life adrift in the Lunar Calendar recognizes sea and return to freshwater when adults. According the traditional fishing to stories widespread across the Pacific, the King of methods employed by Fiji, the Tui Fiti, heard about the beauty of Sina and Youth making fish, banana and breadfruit in the umu. PHOTO COURTESY OF LOTE AIUMU. the indigenous people decided to go there to win her for his wife. Using all of American Samoa. his powers of Fijian magic Tui Fiti turned himself into The calendar provides a young tuna and swam with the ocean currents to The Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management traditional fishing information for a different species Samoa. To read the full version of this well-known Council has produced traditional lunar calendars for each month, highlighting methods, gears, seasons and legend, visit the National Park Service website at American Samoa since 2007. The initial productions cultural significance. The calendar reflects continued www.nps.gov/npsa/learn/historyculture/sinatuna.htm. were based on information from books written about work with the American Samoa community to create Samoa by scholars such as Brother Henry, Kramer, a calendar that recognizes the importance of island Turner and Stair, as well as information collected cultures and traditional fishing practices in managing by Talking Chief Teleiai Ausage. A more elaborate fishery resources and to foster opportunities for their interview with Rev. Elder Oka Fauolo helped complete participation, which is one of the Council’s seven the names of the moon phases and months. After the Guiding Principles. 2009 calendar, the Council convened a workshop with the American Samoa Community College’s Samoan Special acknowledgments to Brian Thompson for Studies Institute (SSI), American Samoa Department the Samoan language editing and to the National A publication of the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management of Marine and Wildlife Resources and the Office of Park Service (NPS) and others who are noted in this Council pursuant to NOAA Award NA14NMF4520236. Samoa Affairs, involving participants from other local calendar for their photo contributions. Sources of © 2018, Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council agencies, fishermen, elders and the general public as information found in the calendar include Historic ISBN 978-1-944827-29-8 Taumafamua Novema 8– Tesema 6, 2018 Masina Fou/ Masina Tololo Masina Tolu Masina Faalao Masina Salefuga Masina Tulalupe Masina Motuega Masina Aufasa Masina Matuatua Masina Loloatai Faatoavaaia November R 06:48 R 07:35 R 08:23 R 09:12 R 10:02 R 10:52 R 11:41 S 00:40 S 01:21 S 02:00 8 S 19:48 9 S 20:41 10 S 21:33 11 S 22:23 12 S 23:11 13 S 23:56 14 15 R 12:30 16 R 13:18 17 R 14:06 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Masina Malupeaua Masina Mātoto Masina Aiaina Masina Punifaga Masina Atoa/ Masina Le‘ale‘a Masina Feetetele Masina Ataatatai Masina Fagaeleele Masina Sulutele Atoa Li‘o le Masina S 02:39 S 03:19 S 04:00 S 04:43 S 05:29 S 06:19 S 07:14 S 08:13 S 09:14 S 10:16 18 R 14:55 19 R 15:45 20 R 16:38 21 R 17:32 22 R 18:30 23 R 19:30 24 R 20:31 25 R 21:32 26 R 22:31 27 R 23:26 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Masina Nauna Masina UsunoaMay Masina Motusaga Masina Tatelega Masina Faasagafulu Masina Tāfaleu Masina Fataleu Masina Mitiloa Masina Maunā December S 11:16 R 00:18 R 01:05 R 01:49 R 02:32 R 03:15 R 03:58 R 04:42 R 05:28 28 29 S 12:15 3012345S 13:11 S 14:06 S 14:59 S 15:52 S 16:45 S 17:38 6 S 18:32 WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Historically, i‘a sina (goatfish) runs in American Samoa occur between the start of palolo season in October through the appearance of large schools of lō (rabbitfish) in April. Large catches of i‘a sina are shared among residents of the village and used in cultural ceremonies as gifts. NPS PHOTO Toe tau m a fa Tesema 7, 2018–Ianuari 5, 2019 Masina Fou/ Masina Tololo Masina Tolu Masina Faalao Masina Salefuga Masina Tulalupe Masina Motuega Masina Aufasa Masina Matuatua Masina Loloatai Faatoavaaia December R 06:15 R 07:04 R 07:54 R 08:44 R 09:34 R 10:23 R 11:11 R 11:58 S 00:35 S 01:13 78S 19:24 S 20:15 9 S 21:04 10 S 21:50 11 S 22:34 12 S 23:15 13 S 23:55 14 15 R 12:46 16 R 13:34 FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Masina Malupeaua Masina Mātoto Masina Aiaina Masina Punifaga Masina Atoa/ Masina Le‘ale‘a Masina Feetetele Masina Ataatatai Masina Fagaeleele Masina Sulutele Atoa Li‘o le Masina S 01:52 S 02:33 S 03:17 S 04:05 S 04:58 S 05:56 S 06:58 S 08:02 S 09:05 S 10:07 17 R 14:24 18 R 15:17 19 R 16:12 20 R 17:11 21 R 18:13 22 R 19:16 23 R 20:18 24 R 21:17 25 R 22:12 26 R 23:02 MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Masina Nauna Masina UsunoaMay Masina Motusaga Masina Tatelega Masina Faasagafulu Masina Tāfaleu Masina Fataleu Masina Mitiloa Masina Fanoloa Masina Maunā January S 11:06 S 12:02 R 00:32 R 01:15 R 01:57 R 02:40 R 03:25 R 04:11 R 04:58 R 05:48 27 R 23:49 28 29 S 12:56 30 S 13:49 31123S 14:41 S 15:34 S 16:26 S 17:18 4 S 18:09 5 S 18:59 THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 One way i‘a sina are caught is by herding them with lau (coconut fronds) from the reef to shallower waters where groups of villagers collect them with alagamea (hand nets). PHOTO COURTESY OF ALISI GAOA. Another way i‘a sina are caught is by trapping them in ‘enu (special funnel-shaped traps) handwoven from ‘ie‘ie, which are strands of rope made from afa (coconut husk fibers). More than 100 feet of braided fibers are needed to build the ‘enu. The afa is prepared by soaking coconut husks in a sand pit for two weeks and then pounding them to separate the fibers. NPS PHOTO Toeutuva¯ Januari 6– Fepuari 4, 2019 Masina Fou/ Masina Tololo Masina Tolu Masina Faalao Masina Salefuga Masina Tulalupe Masina Motuega Masina Aufasa Masina Matuatua Masina Loloatai Faatoavaaia January R 06:38 R 07:28 R 08:17 R 09:05 R 09:53 R 10:40 R 11:27 R 12:15 S 00:28 S 01:09 678S 19:46 S 20:31 S 21:13 9 S 21:53 10 S 22:31 11 S 23:09 12 S 23:47 13 14 R 13:05 15 R 13:57 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Masina Malupeaua Masina Mātoto Masina Aiaina Masina Punifaga Masina Atoa/ Masina Le‘ale‘a Masina Feetetele Masina Ataatatai Masina Fagaeleele Masina Sulutele Atoa Li‘o le Masina S 01:53 S 02:42 S 03:36 S 04:35 S 05:39 S 06:44 S 07:49 S 08:52 S 09:52 S 10:49 16 R 14:52 17 R 15:51 18 R 16:53 19 R 17:56 20 R 18:58 21 R 19:57 22 R 20:52 23 R 21:42 24 R 22:29 25 R 23:13 WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Masina Nauna Masina UsunoaMay Masina Motusaga Masina Tatelega Masina Faasagafulu Masina Tāfaleu Masina Fataleu Masina Mitiloa Masina Fanoloa Masina Maunā February S 11:44 S 12:37 R 00:39 R 01:23 R 02:09 R 02:56 R 03:44 R 04:33 R 05:23 R 06:13 26 R 23:57 27 28 S 13:30 29 S 14:22 30 S 15:14 31123S 16:06 S 16:56 S 17:44 S 18:30 4 S 19:11 SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 6N6 3 2 1 0 -1 Traditional custom requires completion of the ‘enu before the fish start running or it cannot be used that year.