32114 Public Disclosure Authorized Royal Government of Bhutan Ministry of Agriculture National Soil Service Center Public Disclosure Authorized SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT Social Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized Final March 2005 Thimphu, Bhutan Public Disclosure Authorized TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms and Glossary of Bhutanese Terms ............................................................................. 3 Executive Summary....................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................. 10 1.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 Project Description...................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.1 Project Components................................................................................................................ 12 Chapter 2: Rationale and Methodology.................................................................................... 19 2.1 Scope and Objectives .................................................................................................................. 19 2.2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 19 2.2.1 Literature Review.................................................................................................................... 19 2.2.2 Stakeholder Consultations ...................................................................................................... 20 Chapter 3: Current Socio-economic Situation......................................................................... 23 3.1 Country Overview ....................................................................................................................... 23 3.1.1 Geo-political Setting ............................................................................................................... 23 3.1.2 Demography............................................................................................................................ 24 3.1.3 Economy.................................................................................................................................. 24 3.1.4 Income and Poverty ................................................................................................................ 25 3.1.5 Human Development............................................................................................................... 25 3.1.6 Food Security.......................................................................................................................... 25 3.1.7 Governance............................................................................................................................. 25 3.2 Socio-economic Profiles of Pilot Sites/ Geogs............................................................................ 26 3.2.1 Radhi geog, Trashigang Dzongkhag....................................................................................... 26 3.2.2 Nangkor geog, Zhemgang Dzongkhag.................................................................................... 28 3.2.3 Phuentsholing geog, Chhukha Dzongkhag ............................................................................. 29 Chapter 4: Field Consultations.................................................................................................. 31 4.1 Consultation Methodology.......................................................................................................... 31 4.2 Summary of Key Findings .......................................................................................................... 32 4.2.1 Local Perception and Understanding of the Project............................................................... 32 4.2.2 Project Impacts ....................................................................................................................... 32 4.2.3 Local Participation in SLMP Formulation ............................................................................. 33 4.2.4 Dispute Resolution .................................................................................................................. 34 4.2.5 Role of GYT and geog RNR extension agents ......................................................................... 34 4.2.6 Vulnerable Group ................................................................................................................... 35 4.3 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................. 35 Chapter 5: Process Framework for Participation of Local Communitites in the Planning and Implementation of Sustainable Land Management Approaches....................................... 1 5.1 Scope and Description................................................................................................................... 1 5.2 Process Framework ....................................................................................................................... 1 5.2.1 Social Screening........................................................................................................................ 2 5.2.2 Community Orientation and Mobilization ................................................................................ 2 5.2.3 Participatory Rural Appraisal/ Community Consultation ........................................................ 2 5.2.4 Mapping of Community Resources and their Utilization.......................................................... 3 5.2.5 Intra- and Inter-community Agreements................................................................................... 3 1 5.2.6 Strengthening Chiog Institutions and Capacity .........................Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.2.7 Development of Chiog SLM strategies and mitigation measures ............................................. 4 5.2.8 Vulnerable People..................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 6 Implementation Arrangements............................................................................. 1 6.1. Linkage with the Overall Project Planning Process ...................................................................... 1 6.2. Implementation of Chiog SLM plans ............................................................................................ 4 6.3. Monitoring and evaluation. ........................................................................................................... 4 6.4. Scaling up of SLM activities ......................................................................................................... 5 6.5. Capacity Building.......................................................................................................................... 5 6.6. Budget Estimate ............................................................................................................................ 5 Annex 1: Literature Reviewed/ Referred to ................................................................................ 7 Annex 2: List of People Consulted ............................................................................................... 9 Annex 3: Checklist of Guide Topics used for Field Consultations.......................................... 14 Annex 4: Field Consultation Notes............................................................................................. 16 Radhi geog, Trashigang Dzongkhag (25 - 27 December 2004)........................................................... 16 Nangkor geog, Zhemgang Dzongkhag (30 December 2004 - 1 January 2005)................................... 18 Phuentsholing geog, Chukha Dzongkhag (17 - 18 January 2005)....................................................... 19 Annex 5: Social Screening Format............................................................................................. 22 List of Figures and Tables Figure 1: Administrative Map of Bhutan....................................................................................... 23 Figure 2: Sector-wise GDP Share in 2003..................................................................................... 24 Table 1: Summary of Primary Stakeholders Consulted at the Local Level................................... 31 2 Acronyms and Glossary of Bhutanese Terms ACRONYMS DA Dzongkhag Administration DANIDA Danish International Development Assistance DoA Department of Agriculture DoF Department of Forestry DoL Department of Livestock DYT Dzongkhag Yargye Tshogdu EUSPS Environment and Urban Sector Programme Support GEF Global Environment Facility GSFC Geog SLMP Field Coordinator GSPT Geog SLMP Planning Team GYT Geog Yargye Tshogchung ha hectare masl meters above sea level mm millimeters MoA Ministry of Agriculture MHCA Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs MTAC Multi-disciplinary Technical Advisory Committee NSB National Statistical Bureau (formerly Central Statistical Organization) PF Process Framework PMU Project Management Unit PSC Project Steering Committee PY Project Year RGoB Royal Government of Bhutan RNR Renewable Natural Resources