E1748 v 5 PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA YUNNAN PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT THE WORLD BANK Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized YUNNAN URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized (YUEP) ERHAI LAKE BASIN REGIONAL EA GROUP HUIT / SCE SOGREAH CONSULTANTS Public Disclosure Authorized OCTOBER 2007 YUNNAN PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK YUNNAN URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT – YUEP2 DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES REGIONAL EA ER’HAI LAKE BASIN – DRAFT FINAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. THE YUEP2................................................................................................................................................1 1.2. YUEP 2 SUBCOMPONENTS...........................................................................................................................1 1.3. ERHAI LAKE BASIN .....................................................................................................................................3 1.4. OBJECTIVES OF THE REA ...........................................................................................................................3 1.5. SCOPE OF THE REA....................................................................................................................................4 1.5.1. POLICY, LEGAL & ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................................................4 1.5.2. BASELINE CONDITIONS ...................................................................................................................4 1.5.3. DEVELOPMENT PLANNING & INVENTORY OF PLANS & PROJECTS.....................................................4 1.5.4. CUMULATIVE IMPACT ASSESSMENT.................................................................................................4 1.5.5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ..........................................................................................................5 1.5.6. RECOMMENDATIONS & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY.................................................5 1.6. LAYOUT OF REPORT....................................................................................................................................5 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................... 7 2.1. DESCRIPTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK..........................................................................................7 2.2. ER’HAI LAKE PROTECTION ORGANIZATION ..................................................................................................8 2.3. LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND POLICY ACTIONS OF LAKE PROTECTION.............................................................10 2.3.1. LOCAL ORDINANCE OF DALI PREFECTURE ....................................................................................10 2.3.2. POLICY ACTIONS ..........................................................................................................................11 3. BASELINE CONDITION.......................................................................................................................... 13 3.1. GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY....................................................................................................................13 3.2. CLIMATE...................................................................................................................................................13 3.3. AIR QUALITY.............................................................................................................................................13 3.4. HYDROLOGY .............................................................................................................................................14 3.4.1. ERHAI LAKE AND RIVER SYSTEMS IN THE BASIN............................................................................14 3.4.2. WATER LEVEL ..............................................................................................................................15 3.5. WATER QUALITY.......................................................................................................................................16 3.5.1. CURRENT WATER QUALITY OF THE LAKE AND INFLOW & OUTFLOW RIVERS...................................16 3.5.2. HISTORICAL TREND OF WATER QUALITY .......................................................................................24 3.6. AQUATIC ECOLOGY ...................................................................................................................................30 3.7. TERRESTRIAL FLORA AND FAUNA..............................................................................................................31 3.8. SOCIO-ECONOMICS...................................................................................................................................31 3.8.1. ADMINISTRATION AND POPULATION...............................................................................................31 3.8.2. LAND USE.....................................................................................................................................32 3.8.3. ECONOMY ....................................................................................................................................33 3.8.4. WATER POLLUTION SOURCES AND EXISTING CONTROL FACILITY...................................................34 4. DEVELOPMENT PLANNING & INVENTORY OF PLANS & PROJECTS............................................................ 37 4.1. DETAILS OF YUEP PROJECTS IN THE REGION............................................................................................37 G8/SCE- PAGE II 2007 – OCTOBER YUNNAN PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK YUNNAN URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT – YUEP2 DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES REGIONAL EA ER’HAI LAKE BASIN – DRAFT FINAL REPORT 4.1.1. COMPONENT 7D ...........................................................................................................................39 4.1.2. COMPONENT 8D ...........................................................................................................................40 4.1.3. COMPONENT 10D .........................................................................................................................41 4.1.4. COMPONENT 11D .........................................................................................................................42 4.1.5. COMPONENT 9D ...........................................................................................................................43 4.2. INVENTORY OF PLANS ...............................................................................................................................44 4.3. ERHAI LAKE BASIN PROTECTION AND CONTROL PLAN (2003-2020) ..........................................................45 4.3.1. OVERALL OBJECTIVES..................................................................................................................45 4.3.2. PROPOSED PROJECTS ..................................................................................................................46 5. CUMULATIVE IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................................... 49 5.1. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................................49 5.2. POLLUTANT LOADING ANALYSIS ...............................................................................................................49 5.2.1. DOMESTIC WASTE WATER DISCHARGES .......................................................................................52 5.2.2. INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER DISCHARGES .....................................................................................53 5.2.3. AGRICULTURE RUNOFF .................................................................................................................54 5.2.4. LIVESTOCK BREEDING...................................................................................................................57 5.2.5. SOIL EROSION ..............................................................................................................................58 5.2.6. SUMMARY OF BASELINE SENARIO 2005.........................................................................................58 5.2.7. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PRESSURES ..........................................................................................62 5.3. POLLUTANT LOAD REDUCTION ..................................................................................................................63 5.3.1. PROJECT EFFICIENCY ...................................................................................................................63 5.3.2. OVERALL IMPACTS OF YUEP PROJECTS AND ALL PLANNED PROJECTS ON LOAD REDUCTION.......64 5.3.3. DISCUSSIONS ...............................................................................................................................70 5.4. WATER QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT .....................................................................................................75 5.4.1. DESCRIPTION OF THE 2D HYDRODYNAMIC AND WATER QUALITY MODEL.....................................75 6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ..............................................................................................................