1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document is dedicated to Wick Allison (1948-2020) 2 TIMELINE OF A MOVEMENT.........................................................................................................................................6 HISTORY..................................................................................................................................................................................8 President Eisenhower’s Transportation History................................................................................9 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE BACKGROUND.................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Magic Motorways.............................................................................................................................................10 The Yellow Book................................................................................................................................................10 Redlining and Highway Alignments.......................................................................................................12 Induced Demand............................................................................................................................................. 14 Decenatralized Job Growth and Asymmetric Opportunity.......................................................14 Environmental Justice....................................................................................................................................15 The High Cost of Car-Dependence..........................................................................................................16 CityMAP/TOOLE HIGHLIGHTS.....................................................................................................................................18 CityMAP Public Input Process....................................................................................................................20 Racism & Reimagination Workshops......................................................................................................22 Observed Traffic Patterns.............................................................................................................................23 Potential COVID Impacts on Traffic.........................................................................................................29 State of Existing Corridors............................................................................................................................30 Invaded and Abandoned Spaces.............................................................................................................31 The Choices: Mitigation............................................................................................................................................32 Removal................................................................................................................................................33 Toole Design Concepts: Small Trench.......................................................................................................................................34 Surface Network...............................................................................................................................35 Peak Hour Capacity Comparison..............................................................................................................36 SBDS Modified Options.................................................................................................................................38 Peak Hour Multi-Modal Capacity Analysis...........................................................................................40 Multi-Modal Capacity Comparison..........................................................................................................41 Functional vs. Theoretical Highway Capacity.....................................................................................42 ECONOMIC FACTORS......................................................................................................................................................44 CityMAP Economic Development Projections................................................................................. 46 CityMAP Economic Analysis Critique.....................................................................................................47 Historic Downtown Job Data.....................................................................................................................48 City of Dallas’ Comprehensive Housing Policy...................................................................................50 Favored Quarter, Inertia, Disinvestment, and Commute Times................................................52 CityMAP Proposed Timeline....................................................................................................................... 53 3 SCHEMATIC AREA TAKE-OFFS.....................................................................................................................................54 Recaptured and Repositioned Land Small Trench.......................................................................................................................................56 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE Surface Network...............................................................................................................................57 Redevelopment Density Maps Small Trench........................................................................................................................................58 Surface Network.............................................................................................................................. 59 Potential Redevelopment Small Trench........................................................................................................................................60 Surface Network...............................................................................................................................61 Density Typography & F.A.R. Examples..................................................................................................62 12.0..........................................................................................................................................................63 4.0............................................................................................................................................................ 64 2.0............................................................................................................................................................ 65 1.0............................................................................................................................................................ 66 0.5............................................................................................................................................................ 67 Construction, Mitigation, and Value Creation SmallTrench .........................................................................................................................................68 Surface Network................................................................................................................................69 EQUITABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES.............................................................................................................. 70 General Intent.....................................................................................................................................................72 Primary Area Needs.........................................................................................................................................73 Neighborhood Quadrants: Downtown..........................................................................................................................................74 Deep Ellum..........................................................................................................................................75 The Cedars...........................................................................................................................................76 South Dallas........................................................................................................................................77 Transit Improvements.................................................................................................................................... 78 Parking Analysis and Recommendations............................................................................................80 APPENDIX.............................................................................................................................................................................. 84 4 This page intentionally left blank 5 2011 • City of Dallas and Downtown Dallas, Inc. finalize initial Downtown 360 Plan stating, “the freeway loop that has come to define Downtown Dallas is also a significant barrier to surrounding neighborhoods...the freeways sever streets, block views, interrupt connectivity and create noise and undesirable “voids” in the urban fabric. Rectifying the damage the freeways have caused to Downtown and