CN Submission to the RSA Review 2017-2018 September 22, 2017 i | P a g e CN Submission ................................................................................................................................ 1 1. Statements of Principle ........................................................................................................... 1 2. CN’s Business Model Integrates Safety ................................................................................... 1 2.1. Crossings and Signal Bungalows ....................................................................................... 2 2.2. The CN Police .................................................................................................................... 2 2.3. Community Outreach and Information Sharing .............................................................. 2 2.3.1. CN Inquiry Line/Email ............................................................................................... 3 2.3.2. Proactive Outreach ................................................................................................... 3 2.3.3. Community Partnership Programs ........................................................................... 3 2.3.4. Aboriginal Peoples and Communities ....................................................................... 3 2.4. Rail Operations – Training ................................................................................................ 4 2.4.1. CN Training Centres .................................................................................................. 4 2.5. Safe Handling Awards ...................................................................................................... 4 3. Canadian Safety Results........................................................................................................... 5 3.1. Safety Results ................................................................................................................... 5 4. The Framework of the RSA: A Shared Responsibility .............................................................. 6 4.1. Safety Management Systems (“SMS”) ............................................................................. 7 4.1.1. The Need for SMS ..................................................................................................... 7 4.1.2. The Introduction of SMS ........................................................................................... 7 4.1.3. The First SMS Regulations - 2001 ............................................................................. 7 4.1.4. Amendments to the SMS Regulatory Authority - 2012 ............................................ 8 4.1.5. SMS Regulations - 2015 ............................................................................................ 8 4.1.6. Amendments to the SMS Regulatory Authority - 2015 ............................................ 9 4.1.7. CN Proposal ............................................................................................................... 9 5. Locomotive Voice and Video Recording .................................................................................. 9 5.1. CN Proposal ...................................................................................................................... 9 6. Emergency Response ............................................................................................................. 10 6.1. The Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992 ...................................................... 10 6.2. Duty to Respond ............................................................................................................. 10 6.3. CN Proposal .................................................................................................................... 11 7. Rule-Making ........................................................................................................................... 11 7.1. Regulations v. Rules ....................................................................................................... 11 ii | P a g e 7.2. Rule-Making Safeguards ................................................................................................. 12 7.3. CN Proposal .................................................................................................................... 12 8. Data ........................................................................................................................................ 12 8.1. CN Proposal .................................................................................................................... 13 9. Alcohol & Drug Testing .......................................................................................................... 13 9.1. Overview ........................................................................................................................ 13 9.2. The Rail Transportation Industry is Safety-Sensitive ..................................................... 14 9.3. Alcohol and Drugs are Safety Hazards ........................................................................... 15 9.4. Employers are Subject to Onerous Safety and Environmental Requirements ............. 17 9.4.1. Railway & Transportation Safety Legislation .......................................................... 18 9.4.2. Occupational Health & Safety Legislation............................................................... 18 9.4.3. Criminal Code .......................................................................................................... 19 9.4.4. Environmental Obligations ..................................................................................... 19 9.5. CN has Taken Steps to Address Risk Associated with Alcohol & Drugs ......................... 20 9.6. Canada must be Proactive.............................................................................................. 21 9.7. The U.S. Experience – Random Testing Delivers Results ............................................... 22 9.8. The Canadian Experience – Missed Opportunities ........................................................ 25 9.9. Canada Must and Can Act .............................................................................................. 29 9.10. The Legalization of Marijuana will Increase the Risk of Drugs at Work ......................... 30 9.11. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 30 9.12. CN Proposal .................................................................................................................... 30 10. Fatigue Management ............................................................................................................ 31 10.1. Fatigue is a Science......................................................................................................... 31 10.2. Joint TCRC/CN Fatigue Management Strategy .............................................................. 31 10.3. CN Proposal .................................................................................................................... 32 11. Technology............................................................................................................................. 32 11.1. Positive Train Control (PTC) ........................................................................................... 32 11.1.1. Background to PTC – A U.S. Experience .............................................................. 32 11.1.2. Benefits of PTC Remain Uncompelling ................................................................ 34 11.1.3. PTC - A Complex Technology ............................................................................... 35 11.1.4. One-Size-Fits-All Approach not the Best Solution for Canada ............................ 37 11.1.5. CN Proposal ......................................................................................................... 38 11.2. Inspection ....................................................................................................................... 38 iii | P a g e 11.2.1. Car Inspection ...................................................................................................... 39 11.2.2. Track Inspections ................................................................................................. 39 11.2.3. CN Proposal ......................................................................................................... 41 12. Proximity ................................................................................................................................ 41 12.1. Proximity and Risks – A Correlation ............................................................................... 41 12.2. The Safety Issues ............................................................................................................ 42 12.2.1. The Absence of Safety Barriers and Setbacks ..................................................... 42 12.2.2. Increased Trespassing ......................................................................................... 42 12.2.3. Inadequate Traffic Capacity at Grade Crossings ................................................. 44 12.2.4. Drainage Impacts................................................................................................. 44 12.2.5. The Absence of Federal Oversight .....................................................................