5/12/2021 A Journey thru the Epistles of Paul ACTS OF THE APOSTLES 1 1 Outline for the Journey TIMELINE RE-CONSTRUCTION ◦Acts of the Apostles (A.D. 30-58) ◦Imprisonment Letters (A.D. 58-68) ◦Secular History (Roman consul – A.D. 51-52) ◦Focus – Chronology/Events of Epistles 2 2 1 5/12/2021 A.D. 46-49 BARNES BIBLE CHARTS 3 3 Conversion to 1st Missionary Journey At Jerusalem (A.D. 32-33) +/- 3 yrs ◦ Witness Stoning of Stephen (Acts 7:58) ◦ Persecuting the Church (Acts 8:1-4) What is known about Paul before Acts 7&8? 4 4 2 5/12/2021 Biography of Paul ◦Born in Tarsus of Cilicia (Acts 22:3) ◦Thorn in the Flesh (II Cor 12:6-7) ~5 B.C. to 5 A.D. (Gal 6:11) ◦Instructed by Gamaliel (Acts 22:3) ◦Wrote in large lettering Fluent: Greek and Hebrew ◦Raised a strict Pharisee (Acts 22:3) ◦Kinsfold mentioned ◦Born Roman Citizen (Acts 22:25-28) ◦ Nephew (Acts 23:16) ◦Of Tribe of Benjamin (Phil 3:5) ◦ Andronicus and Junia (Rom 16:7) ◦ Herodion (Rom 16:11) 5 5 Conversion to 1st Missionary Journey At Jerusalem (A.D. 32-33) +/- 3 yrs ◦ Witness Stoning of Stephen (Acts 7:58) ◦ Persecuting the Church (Acts 8:1-4) Experiences at Damascus (A.D. 35-37) ◦ Conversion of Saul on way to Damascus (Acts 9:8) ◦ Departure to Arabia (Gal 1:16-17) +/- 1 yr ◦ Time in Arabia occurs between Acts 9:22 and Acts 9:23 ◦ Flees via a basket over the wall (Acts 9:23-25 & II Cor 11:32) 6 6 3 5/12/2021 Conversion to 1st Missionary Journey Return to Jerusalem (A.D. 37) ◦ Returns ~3 yrs after conversion (Gal 1:18) ◦ Befriended by Barnabus (Acts 9:27) ◦ Stays with Peter for 15 days & visits James (Gal 1:18-19) 7 7 Conversion to 1st Missionary Journey Departure to Tarsus (A.D. 38-42) ◦ Hellenistic Jews attempt to kill Paul (Acts 9:29) ◦ Christians take Paul to Caesarea then to Tarsus (Acts 9:30) ◦ Ministers in Region of Syria and Cilicia (Acts 9:30, Gal 1:21-24) ◦ While in Region, PETER converts Cornelius (Acts 10-11) 8 8 4 5/12/2021 Conversion to 1st Missionary Journey Activities in Antioch (A.D. 43-44) ◦ Persecution following death of Stephen (Acts 11:19) ◦ Jerusalem Church sends Barnabas to Antioch (Acts 11:21-22) ◦ Barnabas goes to Tarsus, takes Paul to Antioch (Acts 11:25-26) ◦ Herod kills James, imprisons Peter & Dies (A.D. 44) (Acts 12) ***Acts 11-12 may not be strictly chronological*** 9 9 Conversion to 1st Missionary Journey 2nd Visit to Jerusalem – Famine (A.D. 45) ◦ Great famine foretold in Claudius reign (Act 11:27-28) ◦ Barnabas & Saul go to Jerusalem with relief (Acts 11:29-30) ◦ Barnabas & Saul return to Antioch (Acts 12:25) ◦ John Mark joins Barnabas & Saul 1st Missionary Journey Begins ~ A.D. 45/46 ◦ Luke changes from Saul to Paul (Acts 13:9) ◦ Luke changes to “Paul” and Barnabas (Acts 13:43) 10 10 5 5/12/2021 1st Missionary Journey (A.D. 45-47) 11 11 1st Missionary Journey (A.D. 45-47) Churches in Galatia (A.D. 45-47) ◦ Antioch of Pisidia: Faith apart from Law, Expelled (Acts 13:14-50) ◦ Iconium: Jews & Gentiles believe, Threaten Stone (Acts 14:1-6) ◦ Lsytra: Healed lame man, Stoned by Jews (Acts 14:8-19) ◦ Derbe: Preached, then retraced appointing elders (Acts 14:20-23) 12 12 6 5/12/2021 End of 1st Missionary Journey (~A.D. 48) Return to Antioch (~A.D. 48) ◦ Paul and Barnabas rehearse all things in Antioch (Acts 14:26-28) st 1 Journey Ends (~A.D. 48) ◦ Travels ~ 1000 to 1200 miles ◦ Companions: Barnabas & John Mark ◦ Writes Galatians while in Antioch (DISPUTED) 13 13 EPISTLE Unto the churches of Galatia Date & Location: ◦48-49 A.D. while in Antioch (Date is Disputed) ◦57 A.D. while in Corinth (during 3rd Journey) Background: ◦Churches in region of Galatia (Antioch of Pisidia, Iconium, Lystra & Derbe) ◦Judaizing teachers demand Gentiles Circumcision ◦Attempts to undermine Paul’s influence 14 14 7 5/12/2021 Paul’s Four Visits to Jerusalem* st 37 A.D. 1 Visit – 3 Yrs after conversion Acts 9:26-29 15 days – Peter/Visits James (Gal 1:17-18) 45/46 2nd Visit – Famine Relief Acts 11:27-30 14 years after conversion – 32/33 A.D. (Gal 2:1-10) 49 3rd Visit – Jerusalem Council Acts 15 58 4th Visit – Arrested in Jerusalem Acts 20-22 *Possible 5th Visit after 2nd Journey (Acts 18:22) 15 15 EPISTLE Unto the churches of Galatia Early Dating of Galatians (A.D. 48/49) ◦ Visit 14 yrs later (Gal 2:1) is 2nd Visit for Famine Relief (Acts 11:29-30) ◦ Acts 11 – Peter defends conversion of Gentiles ◦ “Revelation” (Gal 2:2) - Agabus Prophecy (Acts 11:27-28) ◦ Paul submits “gospel” - Those “of reputation” (Gal 2:2) ◦ James, Peter and John confirm Paul’s teachings (Gal 2:3-10) ◦ Titus is not circumcised (Gal 2:1 & 9) ◦ “Remember the poor” fits Famine Relief (Gal 2:10) 16 16 8 5/12/2021 EPISTLE Unto the churches of Galatia Galatians written to: ◦ To deal with Judaizing teachers and circumcision ◦ Justification is by faith in Christ, not Law of Moses ◦ Defend his apostleship Theme: Gal 3:26-29 – Justification by Faith in Christ 17 17 Jerusalem “Council” Issue of gentile Circumcision 3rd Visit to Jerusalem (A.D. 49) ◦ Men from Judea teach Circumcision at Antioch (Act 15:1) ◦ Paul & Barnabas dispute/sent to Jerusalem with issue (Acts 15:2) ◦ Apostles and Elders decree - No obligation to Law (Acts 15:6-21) ◦ “Epistle” affirming position of Apostles (Acts 15:23-33) ◦ Paul and Barnabas Return to Antioch (Act 15:30-35) ◦ Delivered Epistle with Barsabbas & Silas (Acts 15:32) 18 18 9 5/12/2021 Peters visit to Antioch (~A.D. 49) Peters Visit to Antioch (~A.D. 49) ◦ Peter visits and eats with Gentiles* (Gal 2:11-12) ◦ Men sent by James (of Acts 15) to check out things* (Gal 2:12) ◦ Peter withdraws from Gentiles, Paul rebukes* (Gal 2:12-14) *Presumes meeting occurred after Jerusalem Council of Acts 15 19 19 Character “Clean-up” Titus: Gal 2:1-3, earliest mentioned, but never mentioned in Acts ◦ Does not appear for another 8 yrs in ~57 A.D. (2 Corinthians) ◦ Greek, possibly from Antioch, never circumcised (Gal 2:1-3) Silas: first mentioned as delegate to Antioch (Acts 15:22,27,32) ◦ Returns to Jerusalem (Acts 15:33) ◦ Reappears in Antioch as companion for Paul’s 2nd Journey (Acts 15:40) ◦ Called Silvanus in Paul’s letters and I Peter 5:12 20 20 10 5/12/2021 Character “Clean-up” Barnabas: Sharp disagreement on John Mark (Acts 15:37-38) ◦ Sets out with John Mark to Cyprus (Acts 15:39) ◦ Rift not permanent, mentioned in several letters – always positive ◦ John Mark’s Cousin (Col 4:10) John Mark: abandons 1st Journey (Acts 13:13) ◦ Later endearment to Paul (Col 4:10, 2 Tim 4:11, Phil 24) ◦ Apparently, Peter’s companion’s (I Peter 5:13) ◦ Possible author of Gospel of Mark, material provided by Peter 21 21 2nd Missionary Journey (A.D. 50-54) 22 22 11 5/12/2021 2nd Missionary Journey (A.D. 50-54) Travels in Galatia (Asia Minor) – A.D. 50 ◦ Derbe (Acts 16:1) ◦ Leaves Syria and Cilicia (Antioch) ◦ Lystra and Iconium (Acts 16:1-6) ◦ Timothy joins (and is circumcised) ◦ Troas (Acts 16:7-10) ◦ Lukes joins - “They” to “We” (Acts 16:10) ◦ Vision to go to Macedonia (Acts 16:7-10) 23 23 Luke Author: Gospel of Luke & Acts Physician: Colossians 4:14 fellow-worker: philemon 24 “We” Start/End: 1st time: Acts 16:10-40 2nd Time: Acts 20:5-28 Companion: II Tim 4:11 (Rome) “Brother”(?): II Cor 8:18 24 24 12 5/12/2021 2nd Missionary Journey (A.D. 50-54) Travels in Macedonia (Greece) A.D. 50-51 ◦ PHILIPPI (Acts 16:12-40) ◦ Beaten and thrown in jail, Philippian jailor ◦ Luke/Timothy remain (“we” stops til Acts 20:5) ◦ THESSALONICA (Acts 17:1-9) ◦ Meets in synagogue (I Thess 2:9, Phil 4:16) ◦ Jason persecuted/Sent away at night ◦ BEREA (Acts 17:10-15) ◦ Many believe, Jewish troublemakers ◦ Silas & Timothy (rejoined group) remain 25 25 2nd Missionary Journey (A.D. 50-54) Travels in Achaia (Lower Greece) – A.D. 51-52 ◦ ATHENS (Acts 17:16-34) ◦ Preaches to Athenians ◦ Ministers at synagogue, market-place ◦ Speech at Areopagus ◦ Silas/Timothy rejoin Paul in Athens (Acts 17:15) ◦ Timothy sent to Thessalonica (I Thess 3:1-5) ◦ Silas also sent to Macedonia (Acts 18:5) ◦ Paul leaves for Corinth (Acts 18:1) 26 26 13 5/12/2021 2nd Missionary Journey (A.D. 50-54) Travels in Achaia (Lower Greece) – A.D. 51-52 ◦ CORINTH (Acts 18:1-18) ◦ Seat of Administration for Achaia ◦ Secular History Provides Key Dating ◦ Paul in Corinth for 18 months (Acts 18:11) ◦ Paul brought before Gallio (Acts 18:12) ◦ Proconsul serves 1 year term ◦ Terms begins in Early Summer ◦ Gallio named in “Delphi” inscription 27 27 Delphi inscription (A.D. 52) Delphi Inscription (A.D. 52) ◦ The Gallio Inscription is a letter written by the Roman emperor Claudius in 52 A.D. found in Delphi, near the temple of Apollo. ◦ The emperor describes the sad situation in Delphi with no citizens were living in the city (as Delphi was formerly an important place of worship). ◦ Claudius writes of receiving advice on the subject from a procounsul named GALLIO, the Roman senator who dismissed the charge brought by the Jews against Paul in Acts.