HAPPY SCHOOLS! ) Published in 2016 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France, and UNESCO Bangkok Office © UNESCO 2016 ISBN: 978-92-9223-541-3 (Print version) ISBN: 978-92-9223-542-0 (Electronic Version) This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/open-access/terms- use-ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Copy-editor: Ellie Meleisea Cover Photos and illustrations: © Yejoon (Jennifer) Yoo, © Estiawati Subair, © Debdatta Chakraborty, © Elodie Khan, © Kuntal Kumar Roy Design/Layout: Warren Field Illustrations: Aliénor Salmon Graphics: Kathleen Sullivan TH/IQE/16/006-1000 Table of contents Foreword .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................V Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................................................................................... VI CONTENTS OF TABLE Acronyms .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................VII Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................................................................VIII 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Research Design and Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 6 3 Global and Regional Context ............................................................................................................................................. 15 A. Theories of Happiness .........................................................................................................................................................................16 B. Global Initiatives .............................................................................................................................................................................................20 C. Happiness in Policy ...................................................................................................................................................................................25 4 The Happy Schools Framework .................................................................................................................................... 36 A. Presentation of the Criteria ..........................................................................................................................................................37 B. People .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................43 C. Process ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................50 D. Place ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................62 5 Reflections, Next Steps and Conclusions .................................................................................................... 70 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 78 Annex 1: Summary of countries reflected in the research findings ...................................... 88 Annex 2: Happy Schools Survey ............................................................................................................................................... 91 Annex 3: Happy Schools Seminar Activities ...................................................................................................................93 III FIGURES Figure 1. The Happy Schools Criteria ...........................................................................................................................................XIII Figure 2. Conceptual framework for happy school .................................................................................................................7 Figure 3. Blank poster used in the ASEAN Schools Workshop ..................................................................................................9 Figure 4. Survey responses by gender, stakeholder group, school type and language ..................................11 Figure 5. The six virtues and 24 character strengths in Positive Psychology .........................................................19 Figure 6. The nine domains of Gross National Happiness in Bhutan .................................................................................25 Figure 7. The eight dimensions of ‘Green Schools for a Green Bhutan ’ ...................................................................27 Figure 8. Hope and reality in after-school activities among Korean children (%) ...............................................30 Figure 9. Top five factors for a happy school ...........................................................................................................................38 Figure 10. Top five factors for an unhappy school ..................................................................................................................40 Figure 11. Top five factors in making teaching and learning fun and enjoyabl .....................................................41 Figure 12. Top five factors in making all students feel included .....................................................................................42 TABLES Table 1. Initial hypothesis for the criteria for a happy school ..........................................................................................8 Table 2. Schools that participated in the Happy Schools Seminar .............................................................................12 Table 3. The Happy Schools Criteria ............................................................................................................................................37 ANNEX TABLES Table A1. Participating schools in the ASEAN Schools Workshop, by country and school type/location ........................................................................................................................................................89 Table A2. Number of respondents to the Happy Schools Survey, by country/jurisdiction of residence .............................................................................................................................................................................89 Table A3. Participating schools in the Happy Schools Seminar, by country and school type/location .........................................................................................................................................................90 BOXES Box 1. Selected aspects of Johann Pestalozzi’s approach to education ..............................................................18 Box 2. 2013 education policies and plans in the Republic of Korea .......................................................................31 Box 3. Strategy Box: People ...........................................................................................................................................................50 Box 4. Alternative learning approaches used in Vidyashilp Academy’s Beyond Academics Programme (India) ..............................................................................................................................................................54 Box 5. Strategy Box: Process ........................................................................................................................................................61 Box 6. School visions from selected schools in Akita Prefecture (Japan) ...........................................................65 Box 7. Strategy Box: Place .............................................................................................................................................................68